Serological evidence and factors associated with porcine toxoplasmosis in three villages of Fara’s division in Burkina Faso

Porcine toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis. This study was conducted to establish evidence of toxoplasmosis and its associated factors among pigs in three villages of Balés province, Burkina Faso. Serums samples were collected from 182 pigs and data was collected on farmers’ sociodemographics, origin (village) of pigs, pigs’ sex, age, breed and keeping systems through a household questionnaire interview. Serum samples were analyzed using indirect ELISA targeting IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii. Results of the study showed an overall sero-prevalence of 16.5 % (95% CI: 11.1% – 21.9%). The sero-prevalence was higher in Toné (23.1%; 95% CI: 12.8% – 33.3%) and Kabourou (20.7%; 95% CI: 10.3% – 31.1%) compared to Sadon Bobo (5.1%; 95% CI: 0% – 10.7%) (p=0.01). It was also higher in pigs older than 12 months (23.2%; 95% CI: 14.9% – 31.5%) compared to pigs less than 12 months (8.4%; 95% CI: 02.4% – 14.4%) (p=0.00731). During rainy season, tethered pigs (7.1%; CI95: 0.40% – 13.8%) were less infected than housed pigs (20.6%; 95% CI: 11.1% – 21.9%) (p=0.02). Multivariate logistic regression model shows that pigs older than 12 months were more likely to get infected compared to pigs less than 12 months old (OR = 2.58; 95% CI = 1.00 - 6.62; p=0.04). These results provided evidence for the presence of T. gondii in pigs in this area.Keywords: Burkina Faso, pigs, Toxoplasma gondii, seroepidemiological studies, zoonosis.

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Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infections and factors associated in goats in the Parana state, Southern Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612020076 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Paulo Roberto Romanelli ◽

Andressa Maria Rorato Nascimento de Matos ◽

Fernanda Pinto-Ferreira ◽

Eloiza Teles Caldart ◽

Juliana Silva de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Regression Models ◽

Production Management ◽

Indirect Elisa ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Reproductive Management ◽

Multiple Regression Models ◽

South Brazil

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies and their associated factors among goats in farms from the Paraná state, South Brazil. The serological analysis was performed by indirect ELISA on 629 goat serum samples collected from 32 farms distributed in five mesorregions from the state. Seropositivity was observed in 30.7% of the animals for T. gondii, 6.3% for N. caninum, and 3.0% for both agents. Final multiple regression models showed that the use of assisted reproduction decreased the chance of seropositivity for T. gondii (PR=0.70) and the slaughtering site on the farm (PR=2.03) increased it. To N. caninum, the supplying concentrated feed to animals (OR=4.80) and animal pre-weaning death (OR=9.96) increased the chance of seropositivity. The variables associated with these seropositivities suggest deficiencies in sanitation and reproductive management. In addition, it recognizes critical points of infection for animal production management.

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Investigating Potential Sources of Toxoplasmosis for Humans From Slaughtered Food Animals in Ibadan, Nigeria

Folia Veterinaria ◽

10.1515/fv-2016-0016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 34-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. B. Ayinmode ◽

J. O. Abiola

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Confounding Factor ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Serological Studies ◽

Food Animals ◽

Undercooked Meat ◽

Infectious Source ◽

Ibadan Nigeria

Abstract The consumption of undercooked meat by humans is a potential infectious source for Toxoplasmosis. This study was aimed at finding potential infectious sources of Toxoplasma gondii for humans by investigating the seroprevalence of T. gondii in animals slaughtered in the Ibadan municipal abattoir. Serum samples from 1337 slaughtered animals (477 cattle, 267 sheep, 139 goats, and 454 pigs) were analyzed for the presence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii. Serological studies using the ELISA method demonstrated the prevalence of T. gondii antibodies in cattle, sheep, goats and pigs as 38.9%, 1.9%, 3.6% and 45.2%, respectively. Univariate statistical analysis detected an association between T. gondii seropositivity and sheep, goat and sex (P < 0.05). In the multivariate logistic regression model, only sheep, goats and pigs had an association with T. gondii seropositivity, while sex was a confounding factor. The detection of varying levels of antibodies to T. gondii infection in these food animals highlights their potential as a source of T. gondii for humans. Efforts should, therefore be directed at preventing the infection during the production and the processing of meat for food.

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Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in sheep from Paraná state, South Brazil: prevalence and associated factors

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612021021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Paulo Roberto Romanelli ◽

Andressa Maria Rorato Nascimento de Matos ◽

Fernanda Pinto-Ferreira ◽

Eloiza Teles Caldart ◽

João Lucas Moura do Carmo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Indirect Elisa ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression ◽

Factors Associated ◽

South Brazil

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence and factors associated with the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in sheep from Paraná state. The detection of antibodies for T. gondii and N. caninum was performed by homemade and commercial indirect ELISA, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to verify the factors associated with the seroprevalence. Antibodies anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum were observed in 42.7% and in 17.6% of the animals, respectively. The protective factors associated to seropositive were “some level of confinement” (full or semi-extensive confinement) (OR=0.53) for T. gondii and “use of skilled labor” (OR=0.64) for N. caninum. The risk factors were “presence of cats” (OR=1.75) for T. gondii and “feeding of dogs with sheep placental remains” (OR=1.79) for N. caninum. In addition, to presenting a significant and simultaneous seroprevalence for both agents (9.9% of the animals), the results also indicate that deficiencies in management and environmental sanitation, the presence of reservoirs, and types of exploitation enhance the seropositivity. Thus, studies like this might support sanitary programs and public policies for the prevention of T. gondii and N. caninum in the sheep herds of Paraná state.

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SOROEPIDEMIOLOGIA E FATORES ASSOCIADOS À TRANSMISSÃO DO Toxoplasma gondii EM SUÍNOS DO NORTE DO PARANÁ

Archives of Veterinary Science ◽

10.5380/avs.v8i2.4030 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

V.S. TSUTSUI ◽

I.T. NAVARRO ◽

R.L. FREIRE ◽

J.C. FREITAS ◽

L.B. PRUDENCIO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Intensive Management ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Infection Source ◽

Swine Herds ◽

Food Reservoir

Devido à importância do suíno como fonte de infecção da toxoplasmose humana e aos problemas reprodutivos gerados por esta enfermidade, objetivou-se traçar o perfil soroepidemiológico e os fatores associados à transmissão do Toxoplasma gondii no rebanho de suínos da região Norte do Paraná. Coletaram-se amostras de 521 animais (324 matrizes, 157 marrãs e 40 cachaços), de 22 propriedades suinícolas. Foi aplicado um questionário epidemiológico para verificar as características em relação aos manejos adotados. Realizou-se Imunofluorescência Indireta (IFI) para detecção de anticorpos anti-T. gondii (IgG) e considerou-se positivas as amostras que apresentaram título ³ 64. De 521 amostras de soro analisadas pela IFI, resultaram em 15,35% reagentes (80/521), sendo 54 (10,37%) matrizes, 20 (3,83%) marrãs e seis (1,15%) cachaços. A análise das variáveis evidenciou que o sistema de criação intensivo foi um fator de proteção para a presença de T. gondii. Entretanto, o acesso de outros animais ao cocho de ração e ao reservatório de água, a utilização do bebedouro tipo canaleta, presença de lâmina dágua nas baias e a existência de áreas alagadiças, foram fatores que contribuíram para a infecção pelo T. gondii. Serumepidemiology and associated factors on swine transmission of Toxoplasma gondii at Northern Paraná Brazil Abstract Due to the importance of swine as an infection source of toxoplasmosis to man and the reproductive problems that this disease causes, it was defined the prevalence and the factors associated with the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in swine herds of northern Paraná State. A total of 521 serum samples (324 sows, 157 gilts e 40 boars) from 22 herds were analyzed and an epidemiological questionnaire was applied to obtain the management employed in these properties. The indirect immunofluorescence (IFAT) test was performed to detect anti-T. gondii antibodies (IgG) and titers ³ 64 were considered positive. From the 521 analyzed serum samples, 15.35% (80/521) were reactive for the IFAT test 54 (10.37%) sows, 20 (3.83%) gilts and 6 (1.15%) boars. The statistical analysis has shown that the intensive management system is a protective factor for T. gondii infection. However, the access of other animals to the water and food reservoir, the channels water-thought, the pens with water-blade and the presence of wet areas were factors which contributed to wards the infection by T. gondii.

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Risk Factors Associated with Overweight among Adolescents in Serbia/ Dejavniki Tveganja, Povezani S Prekomerno Telesno Težo Pri Mladostnikih V Srbiji

Slovenian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.2478/sjph-2014-0031 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 283-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katarina Boričić ◽

Snežana Simić ◽

Nađa Vasiljević ◽

Jelena Marinković

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Wealth Index ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

Preventive Interventions ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Skipping Breakfast

AbstractIntroduction. The pandemic of obesity in adolescents is one of the challenges of public health.Aim. The aim of this study was to examine the association of overweight with demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors among Serbian adolescents.Method. A cross-sectional study of 2139 adolescents aged 10 to 19 years was carried out. Data used in this study were from the 2006 Health Survey. In accordance with the international sex- and age-specific Body Mass Index cut-off points, all participants were classified as being normal weight or overweight, including obese. The association between the risk factors and overweight were examined using a multivariate logistic regression model.Results. The study showed that 28.9% of boys and 17.0% of girls were overweight, while 14.5% of boys and 8.1% of girls were obese. Boys were more likely to be overweight/obese, compared with girls. Being younger (p< 0.01 for 14 to 15 years) and (p< 0.01, for 16 to 19 years), engaging in physical activities that last less than 7 hours a week, in such a manner that they breathe quickly and become sweaty, (p< 0.01) and skipping breakfast (p< 0.05) were risk factors significantly associated with overweight among adolescents. No significant association was found with wealth index.Conclusion. These findings should be an integral part of further preventive interventions, especially oriented towards younger adolescents, who are physically inactive, have a habit of skipping breakfast and are boys.

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Factors associated with the distribution of natural Toxoplasma gondii infection among equids in Northeastern Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612019035 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 283-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alexandre Dias Munhoz ◽

Monia Andrade Souza ◽

Sonia Carmen Lopo Costa ◽

Jéssica de Souza Freitas ◽

Aísla Nascimento da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Linear Models ◽

Fluorescent Antibody ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Domestic Cats ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Factors Associated

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected equids in northeastern Brazil. Serum samples from 569 equids (528 horses, 8 mules and 33 donkeys) were subjected to the indirect fluorescent antibody test. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate associated factors. Among the 569 animals sampled, 118 (30.6%) living in rural areas and 14 (26.42%) in urban areas were seropositive (p>0.05). Seropositive animals were observed on 95% of the farms and in all the municipalities. Donkeys/mules as the host, presence of domestic cats and rats on the farm, ingestion of lagoon water and goat rearing remained in the final model as factors associated with infection. Preventive measures such as avoiding the presence of domestic cats close to rearing areas, pastures and sources of water for the animals should be adopted. The wide-ranging distribution of positive animals also indicated that infection in other domestic animals and in humans, through the contaminated environment, was possible. It should be highlighted that there was the possibility that donkeys and mules would continue to have detectable titers for longer, thus explaining the prevalence found. Further studies are needed to confirm this possibility.

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Intimate Partner Violence Screening and Pregnant Latinas

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/0886-6708.24.4.520 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 520-532 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Michael Rodriguez ◽

Jan Shoultz ◽

Erin Richardson

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Patient Survey ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

Provider Communication ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Intimate Partner Violence Screening ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Patient Provider Communication

Little is known about factors associated with health care screening of intimate partner violence (IPV) for Latinas during pregnancy. This study builds on current research examining IPV-associated outcomes among Latinas by analyzing 210 pregnant Latina responses to a patient survey. A multivariate logistic regression model examined factors associated with being screened for IPV. One-third of pregnant women reported being screened for IPV. Factors related to being screened for IPV are reported and did not match those associated with having experienced IPV. While most pregnant Latinas were not screened for IPV, having systematic processes in place for IPV screening and fostering good patient–provider communication may facilitate identification of IPV. Having a greater awareness of the risk factors associated with IPV may also provide cues for clinicians to better address the issue of IPV.

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Predictors of Vape Shops Going out of Business in Southern California

Tobacco Regulatory Science ◽

10.18001/trs.6.3.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 187-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Artur Galimov ◽

Ellen Galstyan ◽

Sheila Yu ◽

Sabrina L. Smiley ◽

Leah Meza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Physical Environment ◽

Southern California ◽

The United States ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Qualified Personnel ◽

The Us ◽

Vape Shops

Objectives: Vape shops have proliferated in the United States (US) in recent years. As of May 2016, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) asserted its authority to regulate electronic nicotine delivery systems. It is critical to understand how these polices have affected the vape shop industry, as the rise and fall of vape shop proliferation has the potential for influencing public health. Methods: In this longitudinal study, we examined factors associated with vape shop (N = 77) closure over a 2-1/2-year period in southern California. We assessed predictors of vape shops going out of business using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: Among 77 vape shops assessed at baseline, 44.2% closed over a 2-1/2-year period. The absence of a "bar type" physical environment (OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.12-6.20), poorer shop accessibility (OR = 7.11, 95% CI = 1.17-43.24), fewer reports of qualified personnel (OR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.12-4.64), less average time spent in shop by customers (OR = 4.8, 95% CI = 1.18-19.60), a narrower e-liquid flavor selection (OR = 6.55, 95% CI = 1.56-27.49), and less vape device diversity (OR = 2.36, 95% C = 1.13-4.91) predicted vape shop closure. Conclusions: The rise and subsequent decline in vape shops could potentially affect public health. However, there needs to be more research on their association with public health..

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Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in people with alcohol consumption in Durango, Mexico

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0245701 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. e0245701

Author(s):

Sergio Estrada-Martinez ◽

Alma Rosa Pérez-Álamos ◽

Melina Ibarra-Segovia ◽

Isabel Beristaín-Garcia ◽

Agar Ramos-Nevárez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

History Of Surgery ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Igm Antibodies ◽

History Of ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

The seroepidemiology of infection with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in alcohol consumers is largely undeveloped. In light of this, we sought to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in alcohol consumers in Durango, Mexico, and the association of T. gondii seroprevalence with characteristics of the population studied. Anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies were searched in sera of participants using commercially available enzyme immunoassays. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were then used to determine the association between T. gondii infection and the characteristics of the population studied. Of the 1544 people studied (mean age: 39.4±14.0 years), 173 (11.2%) tested positive for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies. We were able to test 167 of the 173 anti-T. gondii IgG positive sera for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies. Fifty-five (32.9%) of these 167 serum samples were positive for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies. Bivariate analysis showed that visual impairment, history of surgery, and hepatitis were negatively associated with T. gondii IgG seropositivity (P<0.05). In women, seropositivity to T. gondii was positively associated with a history of pregnancy (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that T. gondii seropositivity was associated with the variables consumption of armadillo meat (OR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.04–5.22; P = 0.03), and the use of latrines for elimination of excretes (OR = 2.27; 95% CI: 1.07–4.80; P = 0.03); and high (>150 IU/ml) anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were associated with consumption of both armadillo meat (OR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.01–5.02; P = 0.04) and crowding at home (OR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.02–2.61; P = 0.03). We found a distinct T. gondii seroprevalence in people with alcohol consumption from those previously found in population groups in the region. This is the first study that illustrates the association between high anti-T. gondii antibodies and crowding in Mexico, and the second study on the association between T. gondii infection and consumption of armadillo meat and the use of latrines in this country. We conclude that epidemiology of T. gondii infection in people with alcohol consumption deserves further investigation.

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Dioctophyme renale: prevalence and risk factors of parasitism in dogs of São Cristóvão district, Três Barras county, Santa Catarina State, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612017004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 39-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Daniela Pedrassani ◽

Adjair Antonio do Nascimento ◽

Marcos Rogério André ◽

Rosangela Zacarias Machado

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Water Potential ◽

Peritoneal Cavity ◽

Indirect Elisa ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Elisa Method ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

Paratenic Hosts ◽

Interesting Area

Abstract Dioctophyme renale is a nematode that can be found parasitizing the kidney, peritoneal cavity and, rarely, other organs of canids and mustelids. This disease has high occurrence in the municipality of Três Barras, state of Santa Catarina, thus making this an interesting area to study the epidemiological aspects of infection by D. renale in dogs. Among 197 dogs, 14.2% showed the parasite eggs in urine and 16.4% showed IgG antibodies anti-D. renale in serum samples according to the indirect ELISA method; among seropositive dogs, 15 (37.5%) animals did not show any parasite eggs in their urine. Parasitism was more frequent in females, and there was no finding of interference from age on parasitism. Factors such as water potential and presence of paratenic hosts in the studied region were reported by the owners of dogs and may have contributed to the occurrence of parasitism.

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