scholarly journals Bio-pesticide actions of aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum, Piper nigrum, Xylopia aethiopica, Azadirachta indica and Zingiber officinale formulation on cowpea leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
G.C. Ikechi–Nwogu ◽  
C.C. Omeke
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Xylopia Aethiopica

scholarly journals Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of an aqueous extract of blended leaves of Ocimum gratissimum and Psidium guajava

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinyinka O. Alabi ◽  
Abayomi M. Ajayi ◽  
Osarume Omorogbe ◽  
Solomon Umukoro
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Antinociceptive Activity ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Hot Plate Test ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Plate Test ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background To investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous extract of a blended mixture of dried leaves of Ocimum gratissimum and Psidium guajava, a traditional analgesic drug polyherbal (TADP) used as a remedy for pain-related conditions. Methods Antinociceptive activity of TADP (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was evaluated in the hot plate test and acetic acid-induced nociception in mice while the anti-inflammatory was evaluated in carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats. Levels of nitrite, myeloperoxidase, glutathione and malondialdehyde were assayed in carrageenan-induced paw tissue. Results TADP (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly prolong the latency time in the hot-plate test. TADP (100–400 mg/kg) produced a dose-dependent significant inhibition of the acetic-acid induced abdominal constriction. The antinociceptive activity of TADP in the presence of naloxone and atropine was not reversed whereas yohimbine and glibenclamide significantly reversed it. TADP (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly reduced the swelling in the carrageenan-induced oedema model and also produced a reduction in the nitrite and myeloperoxidase level. TADP (400 mg/kg) significantly reduced malondialdehyde concentration and increase glutathione level in the carrageenan-induced rat paw. TADP significantly decrease the number of cellular infiltrates in the histopathological assessment. Conclusion These results indicate that polyherbal product containing blended leaves of Ocimum gratissimum and Psidium guajava possess antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties, hence represents a promising alternative remedy in inflammation-induced pain.

scholarly journals Effect of aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica on rifampicin- induced jaundice in rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
Tunji Akande ◽  
Timothy Olugbenga Ogundeko ◽  
Solomon Oyewale Opajobi ◽  
Samaila Garba Yaura ◽  
Isiaiah Iorkyase Idyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Alanine Transaminase ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Conjugated Bilirubin

High rate of dependence on medicinal plants for maintenance of health care needs over the decades in communities all over the world especially in Africa and Asia needs adequate scientific verification and authentication. Liver related diseases have however become a global problem. Jaundice was established on 9 of a total population of 12 rabbits of mixed sex, weighing 1.50kg - 2.34kg using an overdose pretreatment of Rifampicin (300mg/ kg bw) P.O. After 3 days, the Animals were administered with various doses of aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica (600, 750, 900mg/kg bw) P.O for each group of rats – A, B, C and D (control ), after which the animals were bled via marginal ear vein at zero hour, 7th and 14th days and the blood used for the following assays: Alkaline Phosphatase, Acid Phosphatase, Total Bilirubin, Conjugated Bilirubin and Alanine Transaminase. Experimental animals exhibited lack of appetite, reduced activity, scratching of the body, emesis, yellow coloration of the sclera, light-colored stool and a little dark urine over time. There was also increase in the levels of the biochemical parameters as the day increased. Aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica (Neem) exhibited increasing elevated levels of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Acid Phosphatase (AP), Total Bilirubin (T/Bil), Conjugated Bilirubin (Conj/Bil), and slightly in Alanine Transaminase (ALT), thus exerted elevated hepatotoxicity on Rifampicin-induced Rabbits. Therefore, the traditional use of Azadirachta indica in management of jaundice should be discontinued.

scholarly journals Kajian Tumbuhan Obat yang Banyak Digunakan untuk Aprodisiaka oleh Beberapa Etnis Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fauzi Fauzi ◽  
Harto Widodo ◽  
Sari Haryanti
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
Areca Catechu ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia Jack ◽  
L 14

Abstract Sexual disorders in men can cause depression, stress, unable to have children so thatit disrupts family harmony. To overcome this problem, various ethnic groups from generation to generation utilize the plants around them. Any substance that arousing sexual desire or libido is known as aphrodisiac. This article aims to find out the types of plants and plants that are often used by various ethnic groups in Indonesia for aphrodisiacs. Data were obtained from Data Management Laboratory of NIHRD Republic of Indonesia. The method was carried out through literature review with searches from various references and analysis of data from community-based ethnomedicine and medicinal plant sexploration activities in Indonesiain 2012, 2015, and 2017. Based on data analysis, it was identified 204 types of plants used for aphrodisiacs included in 78 families. There are five families of plants that are widely used, namely Zingiberaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Arecaceae, Fabaceae, and Rubiaceae. The type of plant that is often used isImperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. (19 ethnicities), Zingiber officinale Roscoe. (used in 17 ethnicities) Areca catechu L. (14 ethnicitiies), Eurycoma longifolia Jack. (10 ethnicities), and Piper nigrum L. (9 ethnicities). Based on literature studies, plants that have been carried out pre-clinical testing as aphrodisiacs are Zingiber officinale Roscoe., Eurycoma longifolia Jack, and Piper nigrum Abstrak Gangguan seksual pada pria dapat menyebabkan depresi, stres, dan tidak dapat memiliki keturunan sehingga mengganggu keharmonisan rumah tangga. Untuk mengatasai masalah tersebut, berbagai etnis di Indonesia secara turun temurun memanfaatkan tumbuhan di sekitar mereka. Suatu bahan yang memiliki efek membangkitkan gairah seksual atau libido dikenal dengan sebutan aprodisiaka. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui golongan famili dan jenis tumbuhan yang sering digunakan berbagai etnis di Indonesia untuk aprodisiaka. Data diperoleh dari Laboratorium Manajeman Data, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan RI. Metode dilakukan melalui tinjauan literatur dengan penelusuran dari berbagai referensi dan analisis data hasil kegiatan eksplorasi pengetahuan lokal etnomedisin dan tumbuhan obat berbasis komunitas di Indonesia yang dilaksanakan pada tahun 2012, 2015, dan 2017. Berdasarkan analisis data, teridentifikasi 204 jenis tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan untuk aprodisiaka yang termasuk ke dalam 78 famili. Terdapat lima famili tumbuhan yang banyak digunakan, yaitu Zingiberaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Arecaceae, Fabaceae, dan Rubiaceae. Jenis tumbuhan yang sering digunakan adalah Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. (digunakan oleh 19 etnis), Zingiber officinale Roscoe. (17 etnis), Areca catechu L.(14 etnis), Eurycoma longifolia Jack. (10 etnis), dan Piper nigrum L. (9 etnis). Berdasarkan studi literatur, tumbuhan yang sudah dilakukan uji praklinik sebagai aprodisiaka adalah Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Eurycoma longifolia Jack, dan Piper nigrum L.

scholarly journals Effect of aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica on rifampicin- induced jaundice in rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
Tunji Akande ◽  
Timothy Olugbenga Ogundeko ◽  
Solomon Oyewale Opajobi ◽  
Samaila Garba Yaura ◽  
Isiaiah Iorkyase Idyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Alanine Transaminase ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Conjugated Bilirubin

High rate of dependence on medicinal plants for maintenance of health care needs over the decades in communities all over the world especially in Africa and Asia needs adequate scientific verification and authentication. Liver related diseases have however become a global problem. Jaundice was established on 9 of a total population of 12 rabbits of mixed sex, weighing 1.50kg - 2.34kg using an overdose pretreatment of Rifampicin (300mg/ kg bw) P.O. After 3 days, the Animals were administered with various doses of aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica (600, 750, 900mg/kg bw) P.O for each group of rats – A, B, C and D (control ), after which the animals were bled via marginal ear vein at zero hour, 7th and 14th days and the blood used for the following assays: Alkaline Phosphatase, Acid Phosphatase, Total Bilirubin, Conjugated Bilirubin and Alanine Transaminase. Experimental animals exhibited lack of appetite, reduced activity, scratching of the body, emesis, yellow coloration of the sclera, light-colored stool and a little dark urine over time. There was also increase in the levels of the biochemical parameters as the day increased. Aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica (Neem) exhibited increasing elevated levels of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Acid Phosphatase (AP), Total Bilirubin (T/Bil), Conjugated Bilirubin (Conj/Bil), and slightly in Alanine Transaminase (ALT), thus exerted elevated hepatotoxicity on Rifampicin-induced Rabbits. Therefore, the traditional use of Azadirachta indica in management of jaundice should be discontinued.

scholarly journals Field evaluation of extracts of five Nigerian spices for control of post-flowering insect pests of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Oparaeke A ◽  
C. Dike M ◽  
I. Amatobi C
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Clavigralla Tomentosicollis ◽  
Insecticidal Efficacy ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Xylopia Aethiopica

The insecticidal efficacy of aqueous extracts of five Nigerian spices (Piper guineense Schum and Thonn., Aframomum melegueta (Roscoe), Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich., Zingiber officinale L. and Capsicum annuum L.) was tested in a field study for the control of two important post-flowering insect pests, Maruca vitrata Fab. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal. (Hemiptera: Coreidae) of cowpea. The extracts were applied at 10% (w/v) and sprayed every week for 4 weeks. P. guineense, followed by A. melegueta, significantly reduced (P < 0.01) abundance of the pests and decreased the damage to cowpea pods. Grain yields were significantly higher in plots treated with P. guineense and A. melegueta extracts compared to plots treated with other extracts. This technology is cheap, safe, environmentally friendly and easy to adopt by limited resource farmers in third world countries.

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