scholarly journals Factors Influencing Uptake of Prostate Cancer Screening among Adult Males in Iseyin LGA, Oyo State

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-252
Author(s):  
S.O. Olarewaju ◽  
Amudat D. Akinola ◽  
Emmanuel O. Oyekunle ◽  
Sunday C. Adeyemo
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Factors Influencing

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. This study assessed factors influencing uptake of PCa screening at a popular town in Iseyin, Oyo State.Methods: Relevant information was obtained from 376 participants using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires. Respondents were selected through multistage sampling technique Statistical tests such as Chisquare, Fisher's exact test and Student's T-test were performed to duly analyse data obtained.Results: Participants' mean age was 50.2 + 8.0 years with a larger (58. 5 %) proportion of men aged 50 and below. Overall summarized scores on poor knowledge and negative attitude were 42.8 % and 44.7 % respectively. Specific knowledge regarding location of prostate, risk factors and symptoms was as low as 21.0%, 26.3% and 37.2%, respectively. Barely 27.9 %, 19.9 % and 16.2 % knew prostate specific antigen test, digital rectal examination and ultrasound as PC screening techniques respectively. Previous uptake of screening was very low being 16.0 %. Individuals with poor knowledge and those who are non-professionals are 3 times (Odds Ratio – 0.295) and 2 times (Odds Ratio – 0.524) respectively less likely to do PCa screening compared with their other counterpartsConclusion: The study showed considerable awareness of prostate cancer. However, comprehensive knowledge of its symptoms and the screening methods was greatly lacking. The need is therefore indicated for an aggressive health promotion intervention designed to increase awareness on PCa screening at the community level. Keywords: prostate cancer, uptake, screening methods

scholarly journals Prostate cancer screening: A survey of medical students’ knowledge in Lome, Togo, and associated determinants in a resource-limited African context

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110328
Author(s):  
Tchin Darré ◽  
Toukilnan Djiwa ◽  
Tchilabalo Matchonna Kpatcha ◽  
Albadia Sidibé ◽  
Edoé Sewa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
P Value ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Practical Level

Objectives: The aims of this study were to assess the knowledge of medical students in Lomé about these means of screening for prostate cancer in a context of limited resources and controversy about prostate cancer screening, and to identify the determinants associated with these results. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted in the form of a survey of medical students regularly enrolled at the Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Lomé for the 2019–2020 academic years. Results: Of the 1635 eligible students, 1017 correctly completed the form, corresponding to a rate of 62.20%. The average age was 22 ± 3.35 years. The sex ratio (M/F) was 2.5. Undergraduate students were the most represented (53.69%). Students who had not received any training on prostate cancer were the most represented (57.13%). Only 12.88% of the students had completed a training course in urology. Concerning the prostate-specific antigen blood test, there was a statistically significant relationship between the students’ knowledge and some of their socio-demographic characteristics, namely age (p value = 0.0037; 95% confidence interval (0.50–1.77)); gender (p value = 0.0034; 95% confidence interval (1.43–2.38)); study cycle (p value ˂ 0.0001; 95% confidence interval (0.56–5.13)) and whether or not they had completed a placement in a urology department (p value ˂ 0.0001; 95% confidence interval (0.49–1.55)). On the contrary, there was no statistically significant relationship between students’ knowledge of the digital rectal examination and their study cycle (p value = 0.082; 95% confidence interval (0.18–3.44)). Conclusion: Medical students in Lomé have a good theoretical knowledge and a fair practical level of the digital rectal examination clinical examination and an average theoretical knowledge and a below average practical level of prostate-specific antigen, increasing however along the curriculum in the context of prostate cancer screening.

Religious Involvement and Prostate Cancer Screening Behaviors Among Southeastern African American Men

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl L. Holt ◽  
Theresa A. Wynn ◽  
Jasmine Darrington
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
African American ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Religious Involvement ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Religious Behaviors

This study examined the relationship between religious involvement and prostate cancer screening behavior among a probability sample of 199 African American men. Religious involvement was assessed by telephone via a multidimensional instrument. Engaging in religious behaviors was predictive of reporting a digital rectal examination (DRE) within the past year. Religious beliefs and behaviors were predictive of behavioral intention for DRE in the next 6 months. Religious behaviors were predictive of reporting an appointment for a DRE in the next 6 months. All analyses were controlled for age, education, and marital status. None of the predictions were significant for prostate-specific antigen testing. Understanding the role of religious involvement in cancer beliefs and screening is important. Such knowledge can inform educational interventions for this group, which is disproportionately affected by prostate cancer.

Occupation as a predictor of prostate cancer screening behaviour in Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-222
Author(s):  
Cheryl E Peters ◽  
Paul J Villeneuve ◽  
Marie-Élise Parent
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Screening Practices ◽  
Rectal Examination ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen Test

Objectives If prostate cancer screening practices relate to occupation, this would have important implications when studying the aetiological role of workplace exposures on prostate cancer. We identified variations in screening by occupation among men in Montreal, Canada (2005–2012). Methods Prostate specific antigen testing and digital rectal examination (ever-screened and frequency of screening, previous five years) were examined among population controls from the Prostate Cancer & Environment Study. Face-to-face interviews elicited lifestyle and occupational histories. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of ever-screening for the longest-held occupation, adjusting for potential confounders. Negative binomial models were used to examine relationships with screening frequency. Results Among 1989 controls, 81% reported ever having had a prostate specific antigen test, and 77% a digital rectal examination. Approximately 40% of men reported having a prostate specific antigen test once a year, on average. Compared with those in management or administrative jobs, men in primary industry (odds ratio 0.26, 95% confidence interval 0.10–0.65), construction (0.44, 0.25–0.79), machining (0.45, 0.21–0.97), and teaching (0.37, 0.20–0.70) were less likely to have undergone prostate specific antigen screening. Results were similar when considering the most recent job. Conclusions Our findings highlight substantial variations in prostate cancer screening by occupation. Men in occupations where carcinogen exposures are more common are less likely to participate in prostate screening activities. This could be an important source of bias, and occupational studies of prostate cancer should account for screening practices.

Randomised Trial of Prostate Cancer Screening in the Netherlands: Assessment of Acceptance and Motives for Attendance

1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
H G T Nijs ◽  
D M R Tordoir ◽  
J H Schuurman ◽  
W J Kirkels ◽  
F H Schroder
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Personal Benefit ◽  
Screening Procedures

Abstract Objectives— To assess motives for attending a randomised population based prostate cancer screening trial, and to assess acceptance of screening and invitation procedures. Methods— First pilot of the European Randomised Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC; 1992/1993). Men aged 55–75 years, randomly selected from the population register of four city districts of Rotterdam, were invited by a single invitation for screening. Screening consisted of prostate specific antigen prescreening followed by either (1) digital rectal examination, transrectal ultrasound, and, on indication, biopsy, or (2) no additional screening. After screening, or in the case of non-attendance, a questionnaire was sent to a random sample of 600 attenders and 400 non-attenders, with a reminder after three weeks. Outcome measures— In both attenders and non-attenders: Knowledge of prostate cancer, attitudes towards screening, motives for attending, procedural aspects and sociodemographic characteristics. In attenders, acceptance of screening procedures. Results— The response rate for the questionnaire was 76%: 94% in attenders and 42% in non-attenders. The main reasons for attending were expected personal benefit (76%) and scientific value (39%), and those for not attending were the absence of urological complaints (41%) and anticipated pain or discomfort (24%). Uptake of screening was 32%, which increased to a sustained 42% in following years. Attenders, compared with non-attenders, were significantly younger, more often married, better educated, and had higher perceived health status, more knowledge about prostate cancer, and a more positive attitude towards screening. Information materials and invitation procedure were adequate. Screening procedures were well accepted (high report marks and satisfaction, and 95% would attend for rescreening). A single prostate specific antigen determination was liked less than a combination of all three screening modalities. Conclusions— (1) The main reasons for attending are personal benefit and science, and those for not attending were absence of urological complaints and anticipated pain or discomfort; (2) knowledge, attitudes, and motives for attending are comparable with other screening programmes; hence, for population based prostate cancer screening, known health promotional aspects should be carefully considered; (3) prostate specific antigen, digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasound are acceptable to attenders.

Trends in screening for prostate cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1542-1542
Author(s):  
F. Eisinger ◽  
J. Morere ◽  
X. Pivot ◽  
J. Blay ◽  
Y. Coscas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
The Future ◽  
Systematic Recommendation

1542 Background: Screening for prostate cancer is still in debate. In France, there is no financial barrier for individuals to be screened with the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, and there is no recommendation for mass screening. Methods: Two nationwide observational studies were carried out in France. The first one, EDIFICE 1, was conducted in 2005 among a representative sample of 1504 subjects aged between 40 and 75 years and a representative sample of 600 general practitioners (GPs). The second one, EDIFICE 2, was conducted in 2008 with the same methodology. Results: General population: In 2005, 36% of the interviewed male population aged between 50 and 75 years declared having undergone a screening test, compared to 49% in 2008 (OR = 1.63 CI95% 1.25; 2.12). Prostate cancer screening increased in all age groups, however, the most significant increase can be observed in the population aged between 50 and 54 years: 18% in 2005 versus 35% in 2008 (OR = 2.43 CI95% 1.31; 4.52). This trend for increasing testing will probably be confirmed in the future since 57% of males never screened plan to undergo a test, and only 16% of those who did screening plan to stop. The expected participation in the future will be close to 70%. Physicians: In 2005, 58% of GPs systematically recommended prostate cancer screening for their male consultants ages 50 to 74, in 2008 the figure is 65% (OR = 1.32 CI95%1.04; 1.66). For prostate cancer screening, a GP's gender has no significant impact. Systematic recommendation for both breast and colorectal cancer screening has an impact on recommending prostate cancer screening as well; OR = 2.9 (CI95% 2.0–4.4) and OR = 2.0 (CI95% 1.3–3.2) respectively. The GP's age is not associated with a higher rate of systematic recommendation. Conclusions: We have observed in France a significant growth in prostate cancer screening: more persons screened, more often, at a younger age. Despite the lack of consistent evidence, persons and GPs exposed to mass communication and campaign for breast and colorectal cancer screening might infer that screening is valuable for other conditions. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Prostate cancer screening: Attitudes and practices of family

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-93
Author(s):  
Christopher B. Allard ◽  
Shawn Dason ◽  
Janis Lusis ◽  
Anil Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Survival Benefit ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Physician Practices ◽  
Attitudes And Practices

Introduction: The utility of prostate cancer screening is controversial. We sought to determine whether Ontario’s family physicians believe it is beneficial and to characterize their screening protocols.Methods: A survey was developed with input from urologists,family physicians and the Ontario Medical Association’s Sectionon General and Family Practice. Questions covered three domains: (1) demographics, (2) beliefs about screening utility and (3) screening practices. All 7302 family physicians in Ontario were invited by email to complete the online survey.Results: A total of 969 physicians completed the survey; 955(52.0% male, 48.0% female) were included. Most (80.97%) useprostate-specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal examination (DRE) for screening; 9.4% use DRE alone and 7.15% PSA. Of the respondents, 8.3% do not offer prostate cancer screening. Most physicians begin offering screening at age 50 (72.9%) and stop at ages 70 or 80 (68.4%); 17.9% offer lifelong screening. In response to the statement “screening with DRE provides a survival benefit,” 37.6% and 32.6 agreed and disagreed, respectively. For “screening with PSA provides a survival benefit,” 43.3% agreed and 31.0% disagreed. For the statement “the benefits of prostate cancer screening outweigh the risks,” 51.4% agreed and 22.0% disagreed.Discussion: Although 91.7% of respondents offer prostate cancer screening, they are divided over its utility. Only 51.4% were convinced that the benefits outweighed the harms. There is significant variability between physicians’ screening protocols. A limitation of study is the possibility of selection bias. Nevertheless, this is the largest sample of Ontario family physicians ever surveyed about prostate cancer screening and highlights divergent physician practices and a need for more conclusive evidence on screening utility.

scholarly journals Reducing Unnecessary Biopsy During Prostate Cancer Screening Using a Four-Kallikrein Panel: An Independent Replication

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (15) ◽  
pp. 2493-2498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Vickers ◽  
Angel Cronin ◽  
Monique Roobol ◽  
Caroline Savage ◽  
Mari Peltola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Total Psa

PurposeWe previously reported that a panel of four kallikrein forms in blood—total, free, and intact prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and kallikrein-related peptidase 2 (hK2)—can reduce unnecessary biopsy in previously unscreened men with elevated total PSA. We aimed to replicate our findings in a large, independent, representative, population-based cohort.Patients and MethodsThe study cohort included 2,914 previously unscreened men undergoing biopsy as a result of elevated PSA (≥ 3 ng/mL) in the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer, Rotterdam, with 807 prostate cancers (28%) detected. The cohort was randomly divided 1:3 into a training and validation set. Levels of kallikrein markers were compared with biopsy outcome.ResultsAddition of free PSA, intact PSA, and hK2 to a model containing total PSA and age improved the area under the curve from 0.64 to 0.76 and 0.70 to 0.78 for models without and with digital rectal examination results, respectively (P < .001 for both). Application of the panel to 1,000 men with elevated PSA would reduce the number of biopsies by 513 and miss 54 of 177 low-grade cancers and 12 of 100 high-grade cancers. Findings were robust to sensitivity analysis.ConclusionWe have replicated our previously published finding that a panel of four kallikreins can predict the result of biopsy for prostate cancer in men with elevated PSA. Use of this panel would dramatically reduce biopsy rates. A small number of men with cancer would be advised against immediate biopsy, but these men would have predominately low-stage, low-grade disease.

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