scholarly journals Effects of various inulin levels on in vitro digestibility of corn silage, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and common vetch (Vicia sativa L.)/oat (Avena sativa L.) hay

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 723
Author(s):  
M. Salman ◽  
N. Cetinkaya ◽  
Z. Selcuk ◽  
B. Genc ◽  
M. Acici
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Vicia Sativa ◽  
Common Vetch

scholarly journals CHEMICAL MANIPULATION OF HILL COUNTRY PASTURES TO PRODUCE LEGUME DOMINANCE

1985 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
M.P. Rolston ◽  
D.A. Clark ◽  
B.P. Devantier
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Seed Head ◽  
Clover Seed ◽  
Clover Content

Hill country pasture was sprayed with low fates of the herbicides paraquat, sethoxydim or Dowco 453 in late November. Legume content of the pasture 6 weeks after application increased from 29 to 61%, and from 12 to 31% in January 1983 and 1984 respectively. The chemicals reduced dry matter yields by 16 and 45%, 6 weeks after treatment, but yields were not reduced in subsequent harvests. The chemicals reduced dead matter content, strongly suppressed grass seed head production, increased clover seed head density and increased in vitro digestibility. Sethoxydim at high rates 150 g/ha reduced perennial ryegrass (Lo/km perenne) content, but Dowco 453 increased perennial ryegrass and decreased browntop (Agrosfis tenuis) content. The effect of clover content and dead matter on sheep diet selection is shown and the implications of these results for management of hill country pastures in moist si;m.mers are discussed. Keywords: herbicide, paraquat, sethoxydim, Dowco 453, white clover, Trifolium repens, hill country, in vitro digestibility, perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne ryegrass, Lolium perenne browntop, Agrostis tenuis.

Effects of height and frequency of defoliation on the productivity of irrigated oats (Avena strigosa cv. Saia) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne cv. Kangaroo Valley), grown alone or with barrel medic (Medicago truncatula cv. Jemalong)

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
KF Lowe ◽  
TM Bowdler
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Barrel Medic ◽  
Avena Strigosa ◽  
Cutting Height

The effects of varying the height (5- 10 cm) and frequency (2-6 weeks) of defoliation on the dry matter yield, numbers of plants and tillers, and forage quality of Avena strigosa cv. Saia (oats) and Lolium perenne cv. Kangaroo Valley (perennial ryegrass), grown both in pure swards and in combination with Medicago truncatula cv. Jemalong (barrel medic) were evaluated in irrigated pastures at Gatton in southeastern Queensland in 3 experiments over 2 years. In pure swards, defoliation every 6 weeks at the lowest cutting height (5 cm) gave the highest yields of both oats (10 t DM/ha) and ryegrass (12.6 t DM/ha). There were fewer live tillers per m2 of both oats and ryegrass cut at 6-week intervals compared with more frequent defoliations. However, tiller numbers of both were unaffected by cutting height. Lengthening the regrowth period from 2 to 6 weeks reduced nitrogen concentration by 23% (from 4, 75%) for ryegrass and by 16% (from 4.22%) for oats but increased cell wall content of oats from 38 to 45% and ryegrass from 36 to 41%. In vitro digestibility of oats fell from 82.4 to 79.9%, but the digestibility of ryegrass was unaffected. Cutting height had no effect on these measurements for either forage. In mixtures, ryegrass DM yield was highest (3.6 t/ha) when cut every 3 weeks and at the lowest defoliation height (5 cm) whereas cutting at 6-week intervals gave the highest yields of oats (5.2 t/ha). Legume yield was usually highest with defoliations every 3 or 4 weeks and at the lowest cutting height (5 cm), and was higher when grown with ryegrass (4.4 t/ha) than with oats (4.0 t/ha).

scholarly journals Chemical composition and ruminal degradation kinetics of white oat (Avena sativa L.) IPR 126

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvonei Tiago RICACHESKI ◽  
Douglas Sampaio HENRIQUE ◽  
Lilian Regina Rothe MAYER ◽  
Jhone Gleison de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Jucemara Aparecida ROSLER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Estimation Of Parameters ◽  
Ruminal Degradation

SUMMARY The present study aiming to determine the nutritional quality of oat (Avena sativa L.) IPR 126 in order to produce forage for ruminants. Four periods between harvests were used: 14, 21, 28 and 35 days, distributed in randomized blocks with four replicates for each treatment. The variables evaluated were: the concentration of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent insoluble fiber (NDF), crude potein (CP), lignin, dry matter (DM), ash, ether extract (EE) and in vitro digestibility of dry matter obtained by measurement of gas production. The profile of gas production was adjusted to the logistic bicompartimental mathematical model. The variables and the parameters of the adjusted gas production curves were analyzed as repeated measurements through the PROC MIXED of SAS (version 9.0) and the restricted maximum likelihood (REML) as the method of estimation of parameters. Regression analysis was performed for the variables: DM, CP, EE, NDF, ash, and for the parameter k2 of the bicompartimental model. DM and NDF concentrations increased linearly, CP, ash, and the estimations of the parameter k2 reduced linearly and the EE concentration showed a cubic behavior in function of the age of harvest. Lignin and other parameters of the Schofield model were not influenced by the age of harvest. The harvest interval influenced some chemical components and degradation rate of fiber carbohydrates, but do not interfere in lignin concentration. The forage with 21 days of cutting interval has the high nutritional value.

scholarly journals Changes in the nutritive value and aerobic stability of corn silages inoculated with Bacillus subtilis alone or combined with Lactobacillus plantarum

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 1867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika C. Lara ◽  
Fernanda C. Basso ◽  
Flávia B. de Assis ◽  
Fernando A. Souza ◽  
Telma T. Berchielli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility ◽  
Corn Plants

Chemical composition, fermentation characteristics, in vitro digestibility and aerobic stability were evaluated in corn silage inoculated with microbial additives in two different experiments. Inoculant treatments (untreated, Bacillus subtilis and B. subtilis combined with Lactobacillus plantarum) were applied to fresh forages. Chopped corn plants (2B655 Hx) were ensiled in laboratory silos for periods of 7, 14, 21 and 63 days to evaluate the fermentation parameters. The experimental silos were weighed to determine gas losses. After the ensiling period, the silage was sampled to determine chemical composition and in vitro organic matter digestibility. To evaluate aerobic stability, chopped corn plants (AG‐1051) were ensiled in laboratory silos that were opened after 96 days of ensiling. The silage was placed in different buckets containing data loggers. The silage was sampled after 0, 4, 8 and 12 days of exposure to air to evaluate the microbial populations and pH. The data were analysed as a completely randomised design using a mixed repeated-measures model in the MIXED procedure of SAS. To evaluate each treatment relative to the fermentation times, a regression analysis using the PROC REG procedure of SAS was applied. A significance level of P < 0.05 was used. Inoculation with both strains increased lactic acid concentration, whereas the use of B. subtilis alone or combined with L. plantarum improved in vitro apparent organic matter digestibility. In the B. subtilis and B. subtilis combined with L. plantarum silages, moulds and yeasts decreased, and aerobic stability was improved. Inoculation with B. subtilis alone or combined with L. plantarum improved the nutritional value and aerobic stability of corn silage.

scholarly journals Assessing the nutritional value of agroindustrial co-products and feed through chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, and gas production technique

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Martins Olivo ◽  
Geraldo Tadeu dos Santos ◽  
Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo ◽  
Ranulfo Combuca da Silva Junior ◽  
Eduardo Souza Leal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Soybean Hulls ◽  
Citrus Pulp

Agroindustrial co-products are a viable alternative for use in animal nutrition. Tests were conducted using eight different types of co-products and feed to evaluate the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber, and gas production by them. The co-products tested were: coffee hulls; pelleted citrus pulp; grape residue; soybean hulls; cottonseed; cassava foliage; and foods usually supplied to ruminants: corn silage and ground corn concentrate. Data of in vitro digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber were tested by analysis of variance using the least square method; the results of gas production were interpreted by a non-linear regression by the Gauss-Newton method; and the effects of treatments were evaluated by the Tukey’s test. The coefficients of in vitro digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber of co-products were different. Gas production was also different between co-products and feeds evaluated for the volume of gas produced from the fast and slow degradation fractions, degradation rate, bacterial colonization time, and the total volume of gas produced. The evaluated co-products exhibited greater in vitro dry matter digestibility compared to corn silage, except for cottonseed, grape residue, and cassava foliage. Co-products showed higher values of in vitro crude protein digestibility compared to corn silage, and a reduced in vitro digestibility of neutral detergent fiber, except for pelleted citrus pulp and soybean hulls. Corn silage produced larger volume of gas from the fast degradation fraction compared to the co-products and corn concentrate. Co-products analyzed had appropriate nutritional characteristics according to the techniques applied and can be included in ruminant diets. 

Re-ensiling and its effects on chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, and quality of corn silage after different lengths of exposure to air

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Moura de Lima ◽  
Lúcio Carlos Gonçalves ◽  
Kelly Moura Keller ◽  
José Avelino dos Santos Rodrigues ◽  
Fabiana Paiva Coelho Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility

scholarly journals Effects of pasture species and irrigation on milk production over four summers in the Waikato

2001 ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
E.R. Thom ◽  
V.T. Burggraaf ◽  
C.D. Waugh ◽  
D.A. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Jersey Cows

Milk production by Jersey cows grazing a common allowance of irrigated or non-irrigated pastures over four summers (1997-2000) is described. The pastures were: (1) high-endophyte perennial ryegrass-white clover (2) tall fescue, phalaris, cocksfoot, white clover, red clover (3) same as (2) plus paspalum (4) endophyte-free ryegrass, timothy, white clover, red clover and (5) existing high-endophyte ryegrass-white clover. Irrigation improved milksolids yield by 5% over 4 years, with inconsistent effects on milk composition, no effects on pasture in vitro digestibility and nitrogen content, and usually no effect on pasture botanical composition. In 1997, cows on (1) produced the lowest milksolid (MS) yields. Cows grazing ryegrass-white clover (1 and 5) produced less than those on tall fescue-based pastures (2 and 3) (0.74 vs 0.86 kg MS/cow/day) in 1998, and the yields of cows on ryegrass/timothy-based pastures (4) were best (0.96 kg MS/cow/day). The same trends in milksolids yield occurred in 1999, except for cows on (1) which were similar to (4). Cows on existing pasture often produced the lowest milksolid yields. Trends in milksolids production over the 4 years reflected trends in total clover (red + white) contents. Keywords: cocksfoot, dairy cows, grazing, pasture quality, perennial ryegrass, persistence, phalaris, red clover, tall fescue, timothy, triple mix, volunteer ryegrass, white clover

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document