scholarly journals Cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex in a mastectomized Boerboel bitch following tamoxifen administration

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-246
Author(s):  
T.A. Ajadi ◽  
E.O. Okpara ◽  
A.O. Alamu ◽  
L. Mustapha ◽  
I.O. Oyenekan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Receptor Modulator ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Complete Blood Counts ◽  
The Right ◽  
Midline Approach

Tamoxifen is a non-steroidal, anti-estrogenic and selective estrogen receptor modulator commonly used as adjuvant chemotherapy in humans with breast cancer and occasionally in dogs following mastectomy. This report presents a case of cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra in a dog following oral administration of the tamoxifen. A 4-year-old intact nulliparous Boerboel bitch presented at Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta. It was diagnosed with mammary carcinoma of the right cranial lumbar mammary gland. Mastectomy was performed followed by oral administration of Tamoxifen (10mg daily) for six weeks as adjunct chemotherapy. Eight weeks after, the owner reported that the bitch was lethargic, anorexic and had a purulent vaginal discharge. Abdominal ultrasound revealed cystic endometrial hyperplasia. Results of complete blood counts showed neutrophilic (absolute neutrophil count = 19.5×103/L) leukocytosis (total leukocyte count = 24.9X103/L), while bacterial culture yielded moderate growth of Staphylococcus aureus, which was sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Sparfloxacin and Gentamycin. The bitch was treated with 400μg of Misoprostol and 500mg of Ciprofloxacin twice daily for two weeks. Ovariohysterectomy (OVH) was performed using a ventral midline approach when no significant improvement was observed from medical treatment. The dog improved significantly after ovariohysterectomy and was discharged one week after OVH. It was concluded that, although tamoxifen is routinely used as adjuvant chemotherapy following mastectomy, more research is required to evaluate its safety in intact bitches.

scholarly journals Ultrasound with laparoscopy for the diagnosis of abdominal disorders in cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ricardo B. Silva ◽  
José Augusto B. Afonso ◽  
Carla L. Mendonça ◽  
Jobson Filipe P. Cajueiro ◽  
Juliana M. Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Focal Lesions ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Complete Blood Counts ◽  
The Right ◽  
Exploratory Laparoscopy

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate laparoscopy with abdominal ultrasound exams to establish accurate diagnosis and prognosis. The experimental design was a prospective clinical study. Nine adult crossbred bovines suffering from abdominal disorders were admitted to the cattle clinic for clinical examinations. Abdominal ultrasound was carried out, and complete blood counts were performed. Subsequently, exploratory laparoscopy was performed. After surgery (exploratory laparoscopy on the right or left side), animals with a severe prognosis or untreatable clinical condition were euthanised and necropsied. During laparoscopy, circumscribed reticuloperitonitis could not be detected, nor could other abnormalities in the cranioventral region of the abdomen previously observed on ultrasound and confirmed during necropsy. However, alterations due to peritoneal damage, such as adhesions, were observed dorsally in addition to alterations in macroscopic aspects of the peritoneal fluid. Exploratory standing laparoscopy through the paralumbar fossae may constitute a supplementary procedure for diagnosing abdominal disorders in cattle, but it is not suitable in cases of diseases characterised by focal lesions concentrated in the cranioventral region of the abdomen. When associated with clinical, laboratory, and ultrasound examinations, this technique may improve the accurate diagnosis and prognosis of abdominal disorders in cattle.

Endometrial mineralisation in a bitch with ovarian granulosa cell tumour and cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e000984
Author(s):  
Carmen Rodenas ◽  
Amalia Agut ◽  
Antonio Bernabe ◽  
Miguel Angel Gómez ◽  
Xiomara Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Cell Tumour ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumour ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cell ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right

Granulosa cell tumour is a common ovarian pathology in bitches. Depending on its hormonal production, this tumour often induces persistent oestrus signs and uterine disorders. Chronic treatment with progesterone contraceptives has been associated with endometrial mineralisation in bitches. The authors describe the case of a three-year-old female entire mastiff dog with a one-year history of chronic hyperoestrogenism signs and anorexia. Serum biochemistry and haematology revealed moderate leucocytosis. Abdominal ultrasound showed dilated uterine horns with anechoic fluid in the lumen, small cystic structures, and multiple stippled hyperechoic lesions with mild acoustic shadowing and comet tail artefact along the endometrial wall. Furthermore, cystic structures were observed in the right ovary. After surgery, histopathological study revealed the presence of endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex, endometrial mineralisation and a granulosa cell tumour. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of endometrial mineralisation associated with ovarian granulosa cell tumour in a bitch.

scholarly journals Effects of the Progesterone Receptor Modulator VA2914 in a Continuous Low Dose on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis and Endometrium in Normal Women: A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 3582-3589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Chabbert-Buffet ◽  
Axelle Pintiaux-Kairis ◽  
Philippe Bouchard
Keyword(s):  
Progesterone Receptor ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Endometrial Biopsy ◽  
Receptor Modulator ◽  
Phase Range ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
Estradiol Levels

Abstract Context: Progestin-only pills, the main hormonal alternative to ethinyl estradiol-containing pills in women bearing vascular risk factors, are poorly tolerated due to irregular bleeding. In contrast, progesterone receptor modulators can inhibit ovulation, alter endometrial receptivity, and improve cycle control. Objective: We evaluated the effects of a new progesterone receptor modulator, VA2914, administered continuously for 3 months, on ovulation and endometrial maturation. Design, Settings, and Patients: Forty-six normal women were included in a prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized trial, conducted in four referral centers. Intervention: VA2914 (2.5, 5, or 10 mg/d) was administered continuously for 84 d. Pelvic ultrasound (treatment d 67 and 77), hormonal monitoring (FSH, LH, estradiol, and progesterone on treatment d 59, 63, 67, 70, 74, 77, 80, and 84), and endometrial biopsy (treatment d 77) were performed. Main Outcome Measure: Ovulation inhibition was assessed by the absence of progesterone values above 3 ng/ml at any time during treatment month 3. Results: Anovulation was observed in 81.8% women in the 5-mg group and 80% in the 10-mg group, and amenorrhea occurred in 81.2 and 90% of cases in the 5- and 10-mg groups. We did not detect any cases of endometrial hyperplasia despite estradiol levels that remained in the physiological follicular phase range throughout treatment cycle 3. Conclusions: Continuous low-dose VA2914 can induce amenorrhea and inhibit ovulation without down-regulating estradiol levels or inducing endometrial hyperplasia in normal women. Long-term studies with a larger population are required to confirm the contraceptive efficacy of this regimen.

scholarly journals Melioidosis: A Rare Cause of Liver Abscess

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Franz M. San Martin ◽  
Catherine S. C. Teh ◽  
Ma. Amornetta J. Casupang
Keyword(s):  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Open Drainage ◽  
High Grade Fever ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Male Farmer ◽  
History Of

Case Presentation. This is a case of a 44-year-old male, farmer, known to be diabetic, presenting with two-week history of vague abdominal pain associated with high grade fever. Abdominal CT scan showed localized liver abscess at segment 8 measuring 7.5 × 6.8 × 6.1 cm. Patient subsequently underwent laparoscopic ultrasound guided pigtail insertion for drainage of abscess. Culture studies showed moderate growth ofBurkholderia pseudomalleiin which the patient completed seven days of IV Meropenem. On follow-up after 12 weeks of oral Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim, taken twice a day, the patient remained asymptomatic with no residual findings based on the abdominal ultrasound.Discussion. Diagnosis of melioidosis, a known “great masquerader,” relies heavily on culture studies. Consensus with regard to the management of liver abscess caused byBurkholderia pseudomalleihas not yet been established due to the rarity of cases. Surgical intervention through either a percutaneous or open drainage has shown good outcomes compared to IV antibiotics alone. In Philippines, the possibility of underreporting is highly plausible. This write-up serves not only to report a rare presentation of melioidosis but also to add to the number of cases reported in the country, possibly indicative of disease emergence.

Complicated EBV infection in a healthy child

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e241099
Author(s):  
Hugo Teles ◽  
Teresa Brito ◽  
Joana Cachão ◽  
Susana Parente
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Child ◽  
Acalculous Cholecystitis ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
The Right

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is highly prevalent throughout the population. Although in most cases, the infection has a good prognosis, it can cause severe complications. We report a case of a healthy child with a primary EBV infection that evolved with two rare complications. She first presented in the emergency room with fever and sore throat, and was diagnosed with tonsillitis and medicated with antibiotic. She returned 7 days later for fatigue, vomiting and abdominal pain. The examination revealed tonsillitis, swollen cervical lymph nodes and pain in the right hypochondrium. An abdominal ultrasound was performed, compatible with acute acalculous cholecystitis. She was admitted in the paediatric nursery and medicated with intravenous antibiotics. The EBV serology revealed primary infection. Two days later, she developed cardiogenic shock and had to be transferred to an intensive care unit under mechanical ventilation and inotropics. She was discharged 12 days later, keeping a moderate left ventricular dysfunction.

scholarly journals Transient Hydroureteronephrosis Caused by a Foley's Catheter Tip in the Right Ureter

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 367-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob George ◽  
George Tharion
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Physical Medicine ◽  
Urethral Catheterization ◽  
Ureteric Orifice ◽  
Unilateral Hydronephrosis ◽  
Catheter Tip ◽  
Foley’S Catheter ◽  
The Right

We report a case of unilateral hydronephrosis following urethral catheterization in a patient with T6 complete paraplegia at the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department in a tertiary care teaching hospital, India. Diagnosis was established by an abdominal ultrasound. The misplaced catheter tip was withdrawn from the ureteric orifice and hydronephrosis was resolved. Foley's catheterization, a widely practiced clinical procedure, is not without its attendant risks of an inadvertent placement in the ureter leading to transient hydronephrosis. Inadequate drainage through a catheter should thus alert one to this potentially hazardous complication that can be diagnosed by an early ultrasound. This complication can be avoided by gently tugging on the catheter after inflating the catheter bulb.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PEMERIKSAAN LABORATORIUM PADA KASUS LEPTOSPIROSIS DISERTAI ABSES HATI AMOEBA

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-139
Author(s):  
Donaliazarti Donaliazarti
Keyword(s):  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Amoebic Liver Abscess ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Serological Examination ◽  
Mild Anemia ◽  
Prolonged Aptt ◽  
The Right ◽  
Time Of Admission

Leptospirosis is a disease caused by spirochaeta microorganism of the genus Leptospira, while the amoebic liver abscess is an extraintestinal complication by Entamoeba Histolytica. Both diseases occurred in a 45-year-old man with poor personal hygiene and environment sanitation. Amoebic liver abscess was found to be a coincidence that was thought to have existed before the patient developed leptospirosis so that the two diseases caused overlapping clinical manifestations in the patient, but the acute symptoms experienced by the patient at the time of admission were more likely to be caused by his leptospirosis. Patient complained of high fever, yellowing of the skin and eyes, urinating like concentrated tea, stiffness in both legs, nausea, vomiting and heartburn. On physical examination found febrile, tachycardia, icteric on skin and sclera, ciliary injection, and hepatomegaly. Laboratory tests showed mild anemia with normocytic normochromic features, leukocytosis with neutrophilia shift to the right, thrombocytosis, increased ESR, prolonged APTT, hyperbilirubinemia, elevated SGOT SGPT, ALP and GGT enzymes, hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, and bilirubinuria. Microscopic examination with negative staining of urine samples found Leptospira. Abdominal ultrasound examination showed a solitary space occupying lesion (SOL) in the right lobe of the liver and on serological examination showed positive antiamoeba. Based on the above, this patient was diagnosed as having coincident leptospirosis with amoebic liver abscess.

scholarly journals Comparison of the flank and ventral midline approach for ovariohysterecto-my in bitches

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (98) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
A. D. Stepanov
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Research Work ◽  
White Line ◽  
Lateral Abdominal Wall ◽  
Surgical Access ◽  
Anterior Edge ◽  
Vertical Incision ◽  
Surgical Sutures ◽  
The Right ◽  
Midline Approach

Surgical access for ovariohysterectomy in bitches through the right lateral abdominal wall with an incision in its upper third in the direction from the anterior edge of the macula to the fourth nipple of the corresponding side of the breast is proposed. The article presents the results of studies obtained when used for the purpose of ovariohysterectomy in bitches of operative access through the right lateral and ventral abdominal wall. Research work was conducted on healthy mature bitches. The operations were performed in the area of the right lateral abdominal wall and in the umbilical region. On the lateral abdominal wall, an oblique-vertical incision was used at the border of the inguinal and iliac areas in the direction from the anterior edge of the macula to the fourth nipple of the corresponding side of the breast. The ventral abdominal wall was cut along the white line. It was found that when performing ovariohysterectomy in bitches using the proposed surgical access through the right lateral abdominal wall with a smaller wound size (P < 0.05), the duration of the operation and the healing period correspond to those when using median laparotomy. It is proved that operative access with oblique-vertical incision in the area of the right lateral abdominal wall at the border of the groin and anus during ovariohysterectomy in bitches provides favorable opportunities for surgical reception and closure of the surgical wound. The number of surgical sutures for sutures on the abdominal wall is less than in the case of ventral access (P < 0.01). It is also noted that in ovariohysterectomy in bitches, operative access through the right lateral abdominal wall with an incision in the direction from the anterior edge of the macula to the fourth nipple of the corresponding side of the breast may be recommended as an alternative access through the white line of the abdomen.

scholarly journals Hermafroditismo verdadeiro na espécie canina

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Paula Priscila Correia Costa ◽  
Cleyson Teófilo Braga Filho ◽  
Luana Azevedo Freitas ◽  
Maressa Holanda Dos Santos ◽  
Leonardo Alves Rodrigues Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
General Term ◽  
Lower Quadrant ◽  
True Hermaphrodite ◽  
Genital Ambiguity ◽  
The Right ◽  
Umbilical Scar

Background: Hermaphroditism or intersex is a general term that includes various congenital anomalies of the genital system which is used to define animals with ambiguous sexual characteristics. It occurs in domestic animals, more commonly in pigs and goats, and rarely in horses, dogs, sheep, and cattle. The prevalence of hermaphroditism varies a lot among breeds and species and is higher in groups with a high degree of consanguinity. Therefore, the objective of this report is to describe a case of canine hermaphroditism in a dog with male phenotype, as well as the anatomical and hormonal findings, and classification of the hermaphroditism exhibited by the animal studied.Case: A 1-year-old, mongrel, 5 kg dog was referred to the UHV-UECE due to the presence of a slit on the lower quadrant of the abdomen, caudal to the umbilical scar. At examination, the animal exhibited normal rectal temperature, no alterations of palpable lymph nodes, and a satisfactory body condition score. The pubic area had 2 testicles, each one in a different scrotum, 1 to the right and 1 to the left of the slit. A prepuce with no apparent function was present cranially to the slit, closer to the umbilical scar. At the other extremity of the slit, on the pubic region, there was a flaccid structure similar to a penis (micropenis) with no penile bone and no function. The slit was open until the area ventral to the anus, where the urethra was detected. The animal exhibited a behavior of territory demarcation with urine typically seen in male dogs. Orchiectomy and slit correction surgery were performed. Pre-surgical exams included: complete blood count and hormonal doses of estradiol, testosterone, and progesterone. Abdominal ultrasound was performed to assess presence of sexual glands and gonads. The hormonal exam revealed: estradiol 56.39 pg/mL; testosterone 127.9 ng/mL; progesterone 0.892 ng/mL. A uterus was not detected on ultrasound examination. Ovaries were seen on their typical anatomical position; they were symmetrical and had normal sizes. There was a normal size prostate in the pelvic area, exhibiting normal texture and echogenicity. No other abnormalities were seen and the owner opted for no further surgical intervention.Discussion: Testosterone predominance explains the male behavior and appearance, demonstrating that the testis were prevalent over the ovaries. The occurrence of XX males has been reported. The genetic cause is the absence of the SRY chromosome, which has a fundamental role on activation of the SOX gene, which is responsible for sex determination. Clinically, a true hermaphrodite can exhibit different degrees of genital ambiguity; they can be diagnosed during puberty with the emergence of heterosexual characteristics, or as an adult, with infertility or gonadal neoplasia. True hermaphrodites are individuals with testicular and ovarian tissues, either combined in one gonad (ovotestis) or present as two separate gonads. The presence of ovaries and testicles can be confirmed by histology, which was not performed in this study. However, ultrasound findings (prostate and ovaries), and the presence of normal testis and external genitalia without a defined penis or vulva are in accordance with the description of a true hermaphrodite.

scholarly journals SAT-380 A Case of Primary Hyperparathyroidism on the Third Trimester of Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Alexandra Carranceja Villapol ◽  
Maria Princess L Kanapi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Parathyroid Adenoma ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Ibandronic Acid ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction: This is the case of a pregnant woman on her 3rd trimester who was diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism. Since there are two patients involved, the potential complications that can be brought about by the diagnostic tests and the treatment had to be weighed against the benefits. Case: The patient is SA, a 34-year old female on her 29th week of pregnancy, admitted due to a month history of abdominal pain described as intermittent, crampy, generalized, non-radiating, and mild-to-moderately severe in intensity. She was advised to do tests but did not comply. In the interim, there was recurrence of symptoms but with resolution. However, the crampy abdominal pain recurred, now localized at the right upper quadrant and epigastric areas, radiating to the right upper back, moderate in intensity, and with associated nausea and vomiting, leading to admission. She was first managed under OB-Gynecology, given hydration, pain management and Betamethasone. She was also referred to Cardiology for blood pressure control, and Surgery for evaluation of the abdominal pain. Due to an increasing trend of her blood glucose, she was referred to Endocrinology and started on insulin. Mild bilateral nephrocalcinoses seen in an abdominal ultrasound prompted work-up showing an elevated serum ionized calcium at 1.88 meq/L (n 1.12-1.32 meq/L), elevated intact PTH at 451.13 pg/ml (n &lt;67.9 pg/ml), and low Vitamin D at 10.96 ng/ml (n &gt;30ng/ml). Parathyroid ultrasound showed nonthyroidal tissue measuring 0.4 x 0.6 cm at the right inferior area. Saline hydration and diuresis with Furosemide were started to manage the hypercalcemia. A multi-disciplinary meeting was held to discuss the options for management and risks involved. The goal was to deliver the baby in stable condition possibly to term, while keeping maternal calcium levels and blood pressure normal. However on her 30th week of gestation, she had persistent elevated blood pressure and underwent emergency caesarian section. After delivery, the patient was advised against breastfeeding for adequate management of her hypercalcemia. She was started on Cinacalcet, Calcitonin, and Ibandronic Acid. A Parathyroid Sestamibi Scan done showed a parathyroid adenoma on the right inferior lobe, and she underwent right inferior parathyroidectomy, with left thyroidectomy and isthmusectomy. Findings showed a right inferior parathyroid adenoma and a benign follicular nodule on the left thyroid. She was started on Calcium Carbonate and Calcitriol, and discharged stable. Conclusions: This case shows that when two lives are at stake every step of the management, whether diagnostic or therapeutic, must be communicated well to the patient and to the other members of the team. It is ultimately a choice made by the expectant mother but through the proper guidance and updated knowledge of the team, combined with a good clinical eye especially in the treatment of pregnant women.

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