Effect of Zhen-wu decoction on chronic heart failure in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 2439-2443
Author(s):  
Zhongyong Liu ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Shihua Luo ◽  
Jia Fang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Chronic Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Hemodynamic Function ◽  
Whole Heart

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Zhen-wu decoction (ZWD) on oxidative stress and hemodynamics in chronic congestive heart failure (CHF) rats.Methods: After Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were successfully prepared into CHF, they were randomly divided into normal control group, model (untreated CHF) group,  captopril group, high-dose, middledose and low-dose of ZWD groups, and were  treated with drugs for 4 weeks respectively. At the end of the experiment,  hemodynamic function, whole heart weight index, blood creatinine kinase (CK), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were determined.Results: Compared with normal control group, ZWD group showed decreased arterial systolic pressure (SBP, 89.16 ± 17.27 mmHg), diastolic pressure (DBP, 72.54 ± 22.36 mmHg), mean arterial pressure (MAP, 72.64 ± 11.87 mmHg), heart rate (HR, 368.25 ± 39.12 beats/min), left ventricular systolic peak (LVSP, 105.27 ± 15.23 mmHg), and left ventricular pressure change rate (dp/dt max) (p < 0.05), while left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) (19.52 ± 1.89 mmHg), whole heart weight index (2.74 ± 0.16 mg/g), blood CK (0.98 ± 0.16 U/mL), MDA (17.28 ± 2.94 nmol/mL), NO (36.35 ± 3.27 umol/L), NOS (39.89 ± 3.56 U/mL) significantly  increased (p < 0.05). High dose of ZWD significantly improved hemodynamic  function, lowered MDA (8.85 ± 2.14 nmol/mL) and NO (24.25 ± 3.21 umol/L) levels (p < 0.05), and also decreased CK (0.58 ± 0.37 U/mL) and NOS (26.12 ± 3.87 U/mL) in CHF rats (p < 0.05).Conclusion: ZWD improves adriamycin-induced chronic congestive heart failure in rats significantly, and therefore has potential to be developed for the management of chronic congestive heart failure.Keywords: Zhen-wu decoction, Chronic heart failure, Hemodynamic function,  Oxidative stress

scholarly journals Ophiopogon japonicas (Linn. f.) Ker-Gawl. extract ameliorates chronic heart failure in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1853-1857
Author(s):  
Hu-zhi Cai ◽  
Yan-ping Tang ◽  
Xin-yu Chen ◽  
Hai-bo Xie ◽  
Qing-yang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Chronic Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Whole Heart

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Ophiopogon japonicas (Linn. f.) Ker-Gawl. extract (OJKE) on oxidative stress and hemodynamics in chronic congestive heart failure (CHF) rats. Methods: The rats were modelled to congestive heart failure (except normal group) , and then randomly divided into normal control group, model (untreated) group, captopril group, high-dose, middle-dose and low-dose of OJKE groups. They were treated for 4 weeks as appropriate for each group. At the end of treatment, the hemodynamic function, whole heart weight index, and blood creatinine kinase (CK), as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), nitricoxide synthase (NOS) were determined. Results: Compared with the normal control group, arterial systolic pressure (SBP), diastolic pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), left ventricular systolic peak (LVSP), and left ventricular pressure change rate (dp/dt max) significantly decreased (p < 0.05), while left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), whole heart weight index, blood CK, MDA, NO, NOS significantly increased in the untreated group (p < 0.05). A high dose of OJKE significantly improved hemodynamic function, lowered MDA (8.33 ± 2.12 nmol/mL) and NO (20.58 ± 3.53 umol/L) levels (p < 0.05), and also decreased CK (0.53±0.37 U/mL) and NOS (22.46±3.29 U/mL) in CHF rats (p < 0.05). Conclusion: OJKE improved adriamycin-induced chronic congestive heart failure in rats significantly.

scholarly journals Effect of Atractylodes macrocephala extract on chronic heart failure in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 2075-2079
Author(s):  
Huang Kang ◽  
Lu Shi-juan ◽  
Zhong Jiang-hua ◽  
Wu Miao ◽  
Zhang Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Whole Heart

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Atractylodes macrocephala extract (AME) on oxidative stress and hemodynamics in chronic congestive heart failure (CHF) rats. Methods: After Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were successfully establised into CHF, they were randomly divided into normal control group, negative control group, captopril group, as well as 1.4, 2.8 and 5.6 g/kg of AME groups, and treated with drugs for 4 weeks. Hemodynamic function, whole heart weight index, blood creatinine kinase (CK), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were measured. Results: Compared with the normal control group, arterial systolic pressure (SBP)(83.12 ± 16.21 mmHg), diastolic pressure (DBP, (75.16 ± 20.18 mmHg), mean arterial pressure (MAP 76.32 ± 13.43 mmHg), heart rate (HR 353.25 ± 36.34 beats/min), left ventricular systolic peak (LVSP 101.24 ± 16.13 mmHg), and left ventricular pressure change rate (dp/dt max) significantly decreased (p < 0.05), while left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP (22.13 ± 1.57 mmHg), whole heart weight index (2.74 ± 0.16 mg/g), blood CK (0.93 ± 0.14 U/mL), MDA (19.13 ± 2.26 nmol/mL), NO (34.21 ± 3.16 umol/L), and NOS (42.13 ± 3.24 U/mL) increased significantly increased in the negative control group (p < 0.05). High dose AME significantly improved hemodynamic function, lowered MDA (8.75 ± 2.09 nmol/mL) and NO (22.14 ± 3.27 umol/L) levels (p < 0.05), and also decreased CK (0.57 ± 0.31 U/mL) and NOS (24.24 ± 3.38 U/mL) in CHF rats (p < 0.05). Conclusion: AME significantly improve adriamycin-induced chronic congestive heart failure in rats, which could be used for the therapeutic management of chronic congestive heart failure in future.

scholarly journals Ginsenoside Re Improves Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Fibrosis and Heart Failure in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan-wei Wang ◽  
Xiao-feng Yu ◽  
Hua-li Xu ◽  
Xue-zhong Zhao ◽  
Da-yuan Sui
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Hydroxyproline Content ◽  
Ginsenoside Re

Objective. Panax ginseng is used widely for treatment of cardiovascular disorders in China. Ginsenoside Re is the main chemical component of P. ginseng. We aimed to investigate the protective effect of ginsenoside Re on isoproterenol-induced myocardial fibrosis and heart failure in rats. Methods. A model of myocardial fibrosis and heart failure was established by once-daily subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (5 mg/kg/day) to rats for 7 days. Simultaneously, rats were orally administrated ginsenoside Re (5 or 20 mg/kg) or vehicle daily for 4 weeks. Results. Isoproterenol enhanced the heart weight, myocardial fibrosis, and hydroxyproline content in rat hearts. Ginsenoside Re inhibited (at least in part) the isoproterenol-induced increase in heart weight, myocardial fibrosis, and hydroxyproline content. Compared with the isoproterenol group, treatment with ginsenoside Re ameliorated changes in left ventricular systolic pressure, left ventricular end diastolic pressure, and the positive and negative maximal values of the first derivative of left ventricular pressure. Ginsenoside Re administration also resulted in decreased expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in serum and decreased expression of Smad3 and collagen I in heart tissue. Conclusion. Ginsenoside Re can improve isoproterenol-induced myocardial fibrosis and heart failure by regulation of the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway.

scholarly journals Cardiac Triangle Mapping: A New Systems Approach for Noninvasive Evaluation of Left Ventricular End Diastolic Pressure

Fluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Niema M Pahlevan ◽  
Ray V Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Chronic Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Intrinsic Frequency ◽  
Future Design

Noninvasive and practical assessment of hemodynamics is a critical unmet need in the treatment of both chronic and acute cardiovascular diseases. Particularly, the ability to monitor left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) noninvasively offers enormous benefit for managing patients with chronic congestive heart failure. Recently, we provided proof of concept that a new cardiac metric, intrinsic frequency (IF), derived from mathematical analysis of non-invasively captured arterial waveforms, can be used to accurately compute cardiovascular hemodynamic measures, such as left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), by using a smartphone. In this manuscript, we propose a new systems-based method called cardiac triangle mapping (CTM) for hemodynamics evaluation of the left ventricle. This method is based on intrinsic frequency (IF) and systolic time interval (STI) methods that allows computation of LVEDP from noninvasive measurements. Since the CTM method only requires arterial waveform and electrocardiogram (ECG), it can eventually be adopted as a simple smartphone-based device, an inexpensive hand-held device, or perhaps (with future design modifications) a wearable sensor. Such devices, combined with this method, would allow for remote monitoring of heart failure patients.

scholarly journals Elevated Swelling-Activated Chloride Current Densities in Hypertrophied Ventricular Myocytes in a Rabbit Heart Failure Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. E107-E111
Author(s):  
Hongwei Shi ◽  
Zhenming Jiang ◽  
Teng Wang ◽  
Yongting Chen ◽  
Feng Cao
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Failure Group

Background: The status of the swelling-activated chloride channel (ICl, swell) during heart failure remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether the ICl, swell activity is altered during heart failure and to determine how the ICl, swell influences atrial arrhythmias of the failing heart. Methods: We established a heart failure rabbit model and analyzed the hemodynamic indicators 8 weeks after myocardial infarction, which include left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVDEP). Five untreated rabbits and 5 receiving a sham operation served as the control group. Left auricular appendage tissues were obtained and CLCN3 mRNA/CLCN3 protein expression levels were examined by using reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. Results: Compared to the control group, the heart failure group showed a significantly decreased LVSP (14.2 ± 0.27 versus 16.9 ± 0.86 kPa, P <.05)and elevated LVDEP (2.49 ± 0.30 versus 0.15 ± 0.03 kPa, P <.05), indicating that myocardial infarction leads to progressive heart failure of rabbits in the heart failure group. CLCN3 mRNA and CLCN3 protein expression were both significantly elevated in the heart failure group compared to the control group (P <.05). Conclusion: In sum, we propose that the dynamic nature of ICl, swell upregulation may contribute to the elevated expression of CLCN3 mRNA and CLCN3 protein, resulting in myocardial cell remodeling induced by heart failure. However, further study is needed to investigate the potential functions of ICl, swell, especially the relation between ICl, swell augmentation and arrhythmia after heart failure.

Effects of graded insulin therapy on cardiac function in diabetic rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (3) ◽  
pp. H453-H458 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rubinstein ◽  
T. F. Schaible ◽  
A. Malhotra ◽  
J. Scheuer
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Control Group

To determine the effects of graded insulin therapy on cardiac function and biochemistry, rats were made diabetic by streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) and subsequently treated with either 3 U of insulin per day (D3) or 5 U/day (D5) and compared with untreated diabetic rats (D phi) and a nondiabetic control group (C). Blood glucose, water consumption, and heart and body weights in D3 and D5 showed dose-dependent responses between those of D phi and C. Cardiac function was studied at similar heart rates and similar left atrial and aortic pressures in an isolated working heart apparatus. Hearts from D phi showed significant decreases in end-diastolic pressure, peak left ventricular systolic pressure, and positive dP/dt, whereas these values in D3 and D5 were similar to those in C. The isovolumic relaxation period was significantly longer in the D phi group, intermediate between D phi and C in D3, and the same in D5 and C. Ca2+-ATPase activity of myosin and actin-activated Mg2+-ATPase activity was depressed in D phi, partially corrected in D3, and completely corrected in D5. Myosin isoenzyme distribution displayed a shift from the predominant V1 pattern observed in C to a predominant V3 pattern in D phi. Treatment with 3 U of insulin per day partially corrected the isoenzyme abnormality, and treatment with 5 U/day restored the isoenzyme distribution to normal. These results indicate that gross cardiac contractile function can be normalized with insulin dosages that are not sufficient to correct hyperglycemia, polydipsia, or body and heart weight.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Alterations in brain hexokinase activity associated with heart failure in rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (4) ◽  
pp. R923-R928 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Patel ◽  
P. L. Zhang ◽  
T. L. Krukoff
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Coronary Occlusion ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Metabolic Enzyme ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hexokinase Activity ◽  
The Brain

This study examined the activity of discrete regions of the brain as assessed with histological localization and photodensitometric quantification of the metabolic enzyme hexokinase in a group of rats with coronary occlusion (HF) and in sham-operated control rats. Three weeks after surgery, the mean left ventricular end diastolic pressure and right atrial pressure were elevated, and left ventricular peak systolic pressure was decreased in the HF group compared with the sham group; these findings are also observed during heart failure. In addition, histological data indicated that there was a 37.6 +/- 2.8% outer and 40.8 +/- 3.1% inner infarct of the myocardium in the group of rats with HF (n = 6). Rats in the control group had no observable damage to the myocardium (n = 6). Accompanying these symptoms of heart failure were significant increases in hexokinase activity in the parvocellular (pPVN, 16.3%) and magnocellular (mPVN, 17.6%) divisions of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, and in the locus ceruleus (LC, 17.1%). No changes in hexokinase activity were observed in the median preoptic area, supraoptic nucleus (SON), subfornical organ, or posterior hypothalamus. These results reinforce the idea that heart failure (with coronary occlusion) is associated with changes in specific areas in the brain and that metabolic alterations in the pPVN, mPVN, and LC are likely related to alterations in vasopressin production, blood volume regulation, and sympathoexcitation observed in the heart failure state.

Effects of alpha 1-adrenergic blockade on intrarenal hemodynamics in heart failure rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (2) ◽  
pp. R198-R203 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nishikimi ◽  
K. Uchino ◽  
E. D. Frohlich
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Filtration Fraction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Arteriolar Resistance ◽  
Single Nephron

To investigate intrarenal hemodynamics and effects of alpha 1-adrenergic blockade on glomerular functions in congestive heart failure (CHF), micropuncture studies were performed before and after intravenous injection of terazosin (1 microgram/100 g body wt iv) in eight myocardial infarction (MI) and in nine sham-operated rats after intraperitoneal injection of Inactin (70 mg/kg). CHF was characterized by elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and increased total heart weight. In CHF rats, single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR), single nephron plasma flow (SNPF), and ultrafiltration coefficient (Kf) were decreased compared with sham-operated rats (SNGFR, 21.9 +/- 1.6 vs. 39.2 +/- 2.9 nl.min-1.g-1, P less than 0.01; SNPF, 66.6 +/- 6.1 vs. 133.8 +/- 10.5 nl.min-1.g-1, P less than 0.01; Kf, 0.019 +/- 0.001 vs. 0.041 +/- 0.004 nl.s-1.mmHg-1.g-1, P less than 0.01). Single nephron filtration fraction (SNFF), glomerular pressure (Pg), and efferent arteriolar resistance (Re) were higher in the CHF-MI rats than in the sham-operated rats (SNFF, 33.4 +/- 1.3 vs. 27.7 +/- 1.0, P less than 0.05; Pg, 60.2 +/- 1.6 vs. 53.3 +/- 0.8 mmHg, P less than 0.01; Re, 3.92 +/- 0.66 vs. 1.62 +/- 0.15 x 10(10) dyn.s.cm-5.g, P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Thyroid hormones induce unique and potentially beneficial changes in cardiac myocyte shape in hypertensive rats near heart failure

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (5) ◽  
pp. H2118-H2122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy A. Thomas ◽  
James A. Kuzman ◽  
Brent E. Anderson ◽  
Susan M. K. Andersen ◽  
Evelyn H. Schlenker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Isolated Myocyte ◽  
Chamber Diameter

We examined the effects of thyroid hormones (THs) on left ventricular (LV) function and myocyte remodeling in rats with spontaneously hypertensive heart failure (SHHF). SHHF rats were treated with three different TH doses from 20–21 mo of age. In terminal experiments, LV function (as determined by echocardiography and catheterization) and isolated myocyte shape were examined in SHHF rat groups and age-matched Wistar-Furth control animals. Compared with Wistar-Furth rats, the ratio of α- to β-myosin was reduced in untreated SHHF rats. The α-to-β-myosin ratio increased in all TH groups, which suggests a reversal of the fetal gene program. Low-dose TH produced no changes in LV myocyte size or function, but high-dose TH produced signs of hyperthyroidism (e.g., increased heart weight, tachycardia). The chamber diameter-to-wall thickness ratio declined with increasing dose due to reduced chamber diameter and increased wall thickness. This resulted in a 38% reduction in LV systolic wall stress in the middle- and high-dose groups despite sustained hypertension. Isolated myocyte data indicated that chamber remodeling and reduced wall stress were due to a unique alteration in myocyte transverse shape (e.g., reduced major diameter and increased minor diameter). Based on our present understanding of ventricular remodeling and wall stress, we believe these changes are likely beneficial. Results suggest that TH may be an important regulator of myocyte transverse shape in heart disease.

Rapid ventricular pacing in pigs: an experimental model of congestive heart failure

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (5) ◽  
pp. H1603-H1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Chow ◽  
J. C. Woodard ◽  
D. J. Farrar
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Ventricular Pacing ◽  
Rapid Ventricular Pacing

To develop an improved animal model of congestive heart failure, 11 female farm pigs (wt, 42-46 kg) underwent rapid ventricular pacing at 230 beats/min for 7 days with a modified Medtronic unipolar pacemaker connected to an apical pacing lead. After 7 days the pacemaker was turned off, anesthesia induced, the chest opened, and cardiac hemodynamic and dimensional studies were performed. Results were subsequently compared with data from 12 control pigs that received no pacing. Two pigs died before measurements could be determined. Cardiac output in the paced animals (0.061 +/- 0.018 l.min-1.kg-1) was significantly less (P less than 0.05) than in control pigs (0.085 +/- 0.016 l.min-1.kg-1), when compared at the same resting heart rate. Left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic pressure (23.2 +/- 7.7 vs. 8.6 +/- 3.6 mmHg, P less than 0.01) and right ventricular (RV) end-diastolic pressure (9.0 +/- 3.1 vs. 4.4 +/- 1.7 mmHg, P less than 0.01) were significantly greater in the paced pigs. Significant increases in both septal-lateral LV end-diastolic dimension (60.3 +/- 3.9 vs. 52.1 +/- 7.2 mm, P less than 0.01) and RV end-diastolic dimension (47.2 +/- 5.7 vs. 40.8 +/- 4.7 mm, P less than 0.05) indicated biventricular dilation in the paced pigs. They also exhibited a significantly greater heart weight-to-total body weight ratio and clinical evidence of congestive heart failure, with hepatomegaly and ascites. These results demonstrate that 1 wk of rapid ventricular pacing at 230 beats/min produces a realistic model of congestive heart failure in the pig.

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