scholarly journals Military History and Strategic Studies as Imperatives for National Security Development in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-200
Author(s):  
Chiemela Godwin Wambu ◽  
Amaechi Ehimatie
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
International System ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Military History ◽  
Security Policies ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Military Institution ◽  
The Military ◽  
Strategic Studies

Nigerian military history is an aspect of Nigerian history that reconstructs the philosophies, beliefs, life and times of military personnel in relation to time and place. On the other hand, strategic studies involve a study of the security policies and political conduct of states in their interaction within the international system. Since it is the military institution that implements these security policies, itself central to the objectives of states in international politics, it is logical  to view military history and strategic studies as pivotal to the securitydevelopment of the Nigerian nation as it is for every other nation. Given this understanding, this study attempts to situate Nigerian military history and strategic studies as imperatives for national security development in Nigeria. To achieve its goal, the paper employs mostly secondary and but a few primary sources subjected to content historical analysis from which it was deduced that military history and strategic studies are important for the advancement of security development in Nigeria. Keywords: Military, Strategic Studies, History, Security

Fortress Islands

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-144
Author(s):  
David Cressy
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
National Security ◽  
Military History ◽  
Substantial Investment ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military

This chapter traces the military history of England’s islands from Elizabethan times to the civil war. It considers the vulnerability of the islands to foreign invasion and their utility as bases of English power. Fortifications were regularly strengthened in times of threat and suffered neglect in intervals of peace. Militarized islands had garrison economies, with substantial investment from London. This chapter examines the shifting deployment of ordnance and soldiery, the condition of castles and garrisons, and their role in England’s wars. Some of the jurisdictional issues addressed in earlier chapters had implications for national security, as island governors marshalled forces and braced for attack.

The Context of War and Violence in Sixteenth-Century English Society

1999 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J.B. Trim
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Military History ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tudor England ◽  
English Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
Military Revolution ◽  
The Military

AbstractThe Elizabethan epoch has long been regarded as a period in which England, isolated from the rest of Europe, fell behind the Continental powers during an era of "military revolution." More recently, England's sixteenth-century military history has attracted a growing number of scholars, but their conclusions vary widely and seem impossible to integrate. Yet recent analyses have generally been too narrowly focussed on events in Elizabethan England. This article (based on a synthesis of secondary studies, including social and cultural as well as military histories, but supported by evidence from the most important printed primary sources), attempts to put the military history of Tudor England in the setting, firstly of both earlier and later developments in England itself; and secondly, of the wider, contemporaneous experience of warfare in Europe as a whole. An understanding of the context of warfare can provide a better basis for future research into an issue with significant wider implications for early modern historiography.

The Military Commissions Act, the Geneva Conventions, and the Courts: A Critical Guide

2007 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Manuel Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
War Crimes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Security Policies ◽  
United States Supreme ◽  
Criminal Offense ◽  
Geneva Conventions ◽  
Degrading Treatment ◽  
Military Commissions ◽  
The Military

The Military Commissions Act of 2006 (MCA) was precipitated by several of the United States Supreme Court’s holdings in Hamdan v. Rumsfeld. First, the administration perceived the need to respond to the Court’s invalidation of the military commissions established pursuant to the president’s Military Order of November 13,2001, as contrary to Congress’s stipulation that such tribunals conform to the laws of war. In addition, the Court’s holding that common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions applies to the conflict with Al Qaeda carried important implications for other national security policies. Most important, the Court’s interpretation of the scope of common Article 3 imperiled the president’s program for the interrogation of Qaeda detainees because that article prohibits cruel and degrading treatment and violating it was a criminal offense under the War Crimes Act.

scholarly journals Intimate Partner Violence and Abuse Against Men: Voices of Victimization Among Ex-Servicemen of the British Armed Forces

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Taylor ◽  
June Keeling ◽  
Richard Mottershead
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Military Institution ◽  
Domestic Lives ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Discipline

This study presents the personal testimonies of male British ex-Armed Forces personnel who have experienced violence and abuse victimization that was perpetrated by civilian female partners. In this research, we argue that to embark upon any understanding of the domestic lives of military personnel, an appreciation of the linkages to the cultural context of the military institution is necessary. Understanding the influence of the military institution beyond the military domain is crucial. We unveil the nature and character of the violence and abuse and how the servicemen negotiated their relationships. In doing so, we highlight the embodiment of military discipline, skills, and tactics in the home—not ones of violence which may be routinely linked to military masculinities; rather ones of restraint, tolerance, stoicism, and the reduction of a threat to inconsequential individual significance.

scholarly journals Military-Chemical Terminology: Genetic and Historical Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-386
Author(s):  
Valentina S. Pozvonkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Military History ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
Dynamic Perspective ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military

The article considers the formation of military-chemical vocabulary from the dynamic perspective. The development of the military-chemical terminological sublanguage is presented from the point of view of its connection with the most significant events in the military history of Russia. Based on the results of the historical and linguistic analysis the main methods of term formation and term replenishment have been identified; the migration of terminological units over thematic groups has been shown.

scholarly journals A produção do inimigo ou destruição da alteridade: uma análise dos discursos de Jair Bolsonaro (The production of the enemy or the destruction of alterity: an analysis of Jair Bolsonaro's speeches)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 4544139
Author(s):  
Larissa Júlia Paludo ◽  
Gerson Wasen Fraga
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
National Security ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Military Institution ◽  
The Military

This article, based on a Master's research that analyzes the speeches of Jair Bolsonaro from the perspective of the production of alterity or difference, synthesizes the results of the dissertation and seeks to present the characteristics and possible consequences of the discourse and, therefore, the bolsonarista movement, in the scope of the production of the enemy and the attack on human rights. From the Pecheutian current of language studies, methodological orientation of the work, some discursive formations that are present in the statements of Jair Bolsonaro are presented and discussed. Such formations are built, within the scope of the research, from the interdisciplinary convergence of cultural studies, notions of identity and historiographic elements of the military institution and the National Security Doctrine. The synthesis of the analysis of Jair Bolsonaro's speech in this article is based on the text given at the opening of the 74th United Nations General Assembly, in New York, on September 24, 2019.ResumoEste artigo, elaborado a partir de uma pesquisa de Mestrado que analisa os discursos de Jair Bolsonaro sob o prisma da produção da alteridade ou da diferença, sintetiza os resultados da dissertação e busca apresentar as características e as possíveis consequências do discurso e, por conseguinte, do movimento bolsonarista, no âmbito da produção do inimigo e do ataque aos direitos humanos. A partir da corrente pecheutiana de estudos da linguagem, orientação metodológica do trabalho, são apresentadas e discutidas algumas formações discursivas que estão presentes nos enunciados de Jair Bolsonaro. Tais formações são construídas, no âmbito da pesquisa, a partir da convergência interdisciplinar de estudos culturais, noções identitárias e elementos historiográficos da instituição militar e da Doutrina de Segurança Nacional. A síntese da análise do discurso de Jair Bolsonaro, neste artigo, é feita a partir do texto proferido na abertura da 74ª Assembleia Geral da Organização das Nações Unidas, ocorrido em Nova Iorque, em 24 de setembro de 2019.Resumen Este artículo, extraído de una investigación de maestría, que analiza los discursos de Jair Bolsonaro bajo el prisma de la producción de la alteridad o la diferencia, resume los resultados de la tesis y busca presentar las características y las posibles consecuencias del discurso y, por lo tanto, del movimiento bolsonarista en el contexto de la producción del enemigo y del ataque a los derechos humanos. Desde la corriente  peuchetiana de estudios del lenguaje, orientación metodológica del artículo, se presentan y discuten algunas formaciones discursivas que están presentes en los enunciados de Jair Bolsonaro. Estas formaciones se construyen, en el ámbito de la investigación, desde la convergencia interdisciplinaria de estudios culturales, nociones de identidad y elementos historiográficos de la institución militar y de la Doctrina de Seguridad Nacional. La síntesis del análisis del discurso de Jair Bolsonaro, en este artículo, se hace a partir del texto dado en la apertura de la 74ª Asamblea General de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas, que ocurrió en Nueva York el 24 de septiembre de 2019.Palavras-chave: Jair Bolsonaro, Alteridade, Doutrina de Segurança Nacional, Identidade.Keywords: Jair Bolsonaro, Alterity, National Security Doctrine, Identity.Palabras claves: Jair Bolsonaro, Alteridad, Doctrina de Seguridad Nacional, Identidad.ReferencesALVES, Maria Helena Moreira. Estado e Oposição no Brasil. Petrópolis, RJ: Editora Vozes, 1984. ANDERSON, Benedict. Comunidades Imaginadas. São Paulo. Companhia das Letras, 2008.BAUMAN, Zygmunt. Modernidade Líquida. Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar, 2005.BRASIL. Presidente (2019-2023: Jair Messias Bolsonaro) Discurso na abertura da 74ª Assembleia Geral das Nações Unidas. Nova York, 24 set. 2019. Disponível em: <http://www.itamaraty.gov.br/pt-BR/discursos-artigos-e-entrevistas-categoria/presidente-da-republica-federativa-do-brasil-discursos/20890-discurso-do-presidente-jair-bolsonaro-na-abertura-da-74-assembleia-geral-das-nacoes-unidas-nova-york-24-de-setembro-de-2019>. Acesso em: 29 mai. 2020.CALVEIRO, Pilar. Poder e desaparecimento: os campos de concentração na Argentina. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2013.CASTRO, Celso. O espírito militar: um estudo de antropologia social na Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras. Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar Ed, 1990.CHIRIO, Maud. A política nos quartéis: revoltas e protestos de oficiais na ditadura militar brasileira. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar, 2012.HALL, Stuart. A identidade cultural na pós-modernidade. Rio de Janeiro: Lamparina, 2019. 12ª edição. 2ª reimpressão.HALL, Stuart. Cultura e representação. Rio de Janeiro: Editora PUC RIO: Apicuri, 2016, 260 p.MOTTA, Rodrigo Patto Sá. Em guarda contra o perigo vermelho: o anticomunismo no Brasil (1917 – 1964). Tese (Doutorado em História) – Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2000.SILVA, Tomaz Tadeu. A produção social da identidade e da diferença. In: SILVA, Tomaz Tadeu. Identidade e diferença: a perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais. 15ª ed. Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro: Vozes, 2014.VALDÉS, Jorge A. Tapia. El terrorismo de estado: la doutrina de Seguridade Nacional enelcono sul. México: Editorial Nueva Imagem, 1980.WOODWART, Kathryn. Identidade e diferença: uma introdução teórica e conceitual. In: SILVA, Tomaz Tadeu. Identidade e diferença: a perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais. 15ª ed. Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro: Vozes, 2014.e4544139 

Military Justice in Film

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Ching
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Military History ◽  
Security Policies ◽  
Military Justice ◽  
Crime And Punishment ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
Universal Themes ◽  
Classical Hollywood

Military justice films occupy a unique space in film and legal studies, marrying two popular genres—courtroom dramas and military-themed films. This article examines the military justice film as a distinct genre in popular culture depictions of crime and punishment. First, it provides a brief overview of the history of the military justice film, from Classical Hollywood to the present. It then examines what sets military justice films apart from civilian courtroom dramas—the context, hierarchies, procedural rules, and broader implications of justice in the military context. It discusses why military justice films remain an enduring genre, with their appeal to universal themes and archetypal narratives. It further describes how military justice films have paralleled military history and serve as a critique of military, political, and national security policies. The article concludes by examining contemporary depiction of military justice in film, analyzing how the genre has changed since its inception, and discussing how military justice films may continue to evolve to keep pace with shifting norms of both law and warfare.

scholarly journals Oral History: Utilising the Experience of Others

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Development ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Formal Method ◽  
Military History ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Organisational Memory ◽  
Development Tool ◽  
The Social ◽  
Multiple Primary ◽  
The Military

The Irish Defence Forces Leadership Doctrine emphasises the need for lifelong study and experiential learning, and the Defence Forces have considerable experience in managing oral history projects, including the Bureau of Military History and the Military Archives Oral History Projects. However, Irish doctrine does not outline any formal method to capture these experiences as a leadership development tool or to enhance organisational memory. The aim of this paper is to examine the value of utilising oral history for leadership development and organisational memory. It demonstrates that there is a risk to organisational memory unless a formal methodology is in place to capture the experiences of Defence Forces members and connected personnel. The use of tacit knowledge, which has facilitated the handover of information to date, is not sufficient nor is the written record alone. This paper shows that a combination of multiple primary sources, including the written record and oral history, provides an opportunity to enhance leadership development. It also demonstrates that the use of oral history provides an opportunity to capture the social and human aspect of Defence Forces activities to not only enhance organisational memory but to understand the context within which decisions were made.

scholarly journals Polskie lotnictwo wojskowe a wojna zimowa 1939/1940

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-155
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Śliżewski
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
International Politics ◽  
Military History ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Military Unit ◽  
Winter War ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Polish Government ◽  
The Military

The article presents the efforts of the Polish Government in exile to create the first military unit fighting alongside an ally after the 1939 campaign. This unit was to be a fighter squadron, whose task was to support the Finnish air force during the Winter War of 1939/1940. Initially, the squadron was to be formed from pilots interned in the Baltic States, and after giving up this idea – from the military personnel who managed to get to France. However, the formation of the unit was preceded by the signing of a truce between the parties to the conflict. The article discusses issues related both to international politics and military history.

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