Assessment of Three Nucleic Acid Hybridization Systems for Detection of Campylobacter spp. in Poultry Products

1994 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 703-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
GERALDINE M. RANSOM ◽  
DAVID W. DREESEN ◽  
BONNIE E. ROSE ◽  
CHARLES P. LATTUADA
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nucleic Acid Hybridization ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Cultural Method ◽  
Confirmation Test ◽  
Inspection Service ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

Three commercially available nucleic acid hybridization systems were evaluated in combination with the United States Department of Agriculture-Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA/FSIS) cultural protocol for the detection of Campylobacter spp. from a variety of poultry products. Samples were enriched for 24 h in Hunt broth and then plated onto modified charcoal Campylobacter differential agar. Suspensions of growth from the selective agar plates were then analyzed by the probe assays. The GENE-TRAK® Campylobacter Assay (revised format) and the GEN-PROBE® ACCUPROBE™ Campylobacter Culture Confirmation Test showed sensitivities and specificities of 100% upon testing of 30 raw chicken rinses. The original format GENE-TRAK® test had a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 100% when these samples were tested. Ninety percent of the raw chicken rinses were found to contain Campylobacter spp. By either of the two more sensitive probes or by the USDA/FSIS cultural method. Eighty-three percent of the rinses registered Campylobacter-positive by the original format GENE-TRAK® probe. When inoculated ready-to-eat poultry samples were examined, the revised format GENE- TRAK® test and the ACCUPROBE™ assay had sensitivities of 83% and specificities of 100%. The original format GENE-TRAK® test showed a 75% sensitivity and a 100% specificity with these samples. The USDA/FSIS cultural method had a sensitivity of 79% and a specificity of 100% with the inoculated samples. The detection limit of the revised format GENE-TRAK® and the ACCUPROBE™ assays upon testing pooled cell suspensions of four Campylobacter jejuni poultry isolates was approximately 106 CPU/ml.

Adoption Barriers in a High-Risk Agricultural Environment

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-46
Author(s):  
Shari R. Veil
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovation ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
The United States ◽  
Identification System ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Animal Identification ◽  
Inspection Service

To lessen the threat of an intentional or naturally occurring livestock disease, the Animal Plant Health Inspection Service of the United States Department of Agriculture introduced the National Animal Identification System (NAIS), encouraging the use of innovative tools such as radio frequency identification (RFID) tags to track cattle across the country. In this study, the author examines the barriers to adoption of NAIS and RFID technology as risk-reduction tools. Diffusion of innovation literature is used to analyze a case study of a state livestock association advocating the rejection of NAIS and RFID technology. Implications for the diffusion of risk reduction tools are provided.

Estimated Economic Losses Associated with the Destruction of Plants Due to Phytophthora ramorum Quarantine Efforts in Washington State

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman L. Dart ◽  
Gary A. Chastagner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Phytophthora Ramorum ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
States Department ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Inspection Service

The number and retail value of plants destroyed in Washington State nurseries due to Phytophthora ramorum quarantine efforts was estimated using Emergency Action Notification forms (EANs) issued by the United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service between 2004 and 2005. Data collected from EANs indicate that during this period 17,266 containerized nursery plants were destroyed at 32 nurseries, worth an estimated $423,043. The mean loss per nursery was estimated at $11,188 in 2004, $11,798 in 2005, and at $13,220 per nursery over the 2-year period. Accepted for publication 26 January 2007. Published 8 May 2007.

Adoption Barriers in a High-Risk Agricultural Environment

2011 ◽  
pp. 31-47
Author(s):  
Shari R. Veil
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovation ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
The United States ◽  
Identification System ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Animal Identification ◽  
Inspection Service

To lessen the threat of an intentional or naturally occurring livestock disease, the Animal Plant Health Inspection Service of the United States Department of Agriculture introduced the National Animal Identification System (NAIS), encouraging the use of innovative tools such as radio frequency identification (RFID) tags to track cattle across the country. In this study, the author examines the barriers to adoption of NAIS and RFID technology as risk-reduction tools. Diffusion of innovation literature is used to analyze a case study of a state livestock association advocating the rejection of NAIS and RFID technology. Implications for the diffusion of risk reduction tools are provided.

scholarly journals Experimental use of a Dot-Blot Assay to Measure Serologic Responses of Cattle Vaccinated with Brucella Abortus Strain RB51

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Olsen ◽  
M. G. Stevens ◽  
N. F. Cheville ◽  
G. Schurig
Keyword(s):  
Brucella Abortus ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Dot Blot Assay ◽  
Inspection Service ◽  
Experimental Use

Brucella abortus strain RB51 was recently approved as an official brucellosis calfhood vaccine for cattle by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service branch of the United States Department of Agriculture. Currently available serologic surveillance tests for B. abortus do not detect seroconversion following SRB51 vaccination. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a dot-blot assay using γ-irradiated strain RB51 bacteria for its specificity and sensitivity to detect antibody responses of cattle vaccinated with strain RB51. Dot-blot titers of sera at a recommended dosage (1010 colony-forming units) were similar to those of sera from cattle vaccinated with similar numbers of B. abortus strain 19 and greater ( P < 0.05) than titers of nonvaccinated cattle. In the first 12 weeks after vaccination with 1010 colony-forming units of strain RB51, the RB51 dot-blot assay had 100% specificity for titers of 80 or less and a 53% sensitivity for titers of 160 or greater. Sensitivity of the RB51 dot-blot assay peaked at 4 weeks after vaccination with 1010 colony-forming units of strain RB51. Dot-blot responses of sera from cattle vaccinated with a reduced dosage of strain RB51 (109 colony-forming units) did not differ ( P > 0.05) from titers of sera from nonvaccinated cattle. Following intraconjunctival challenge with B. abortus strain 2308, titers on the RB51 dot-blot assay did not differ ( P > 0.05) between nonvaccinated cattle and cattle vaccinated at calfhood with strain 19 or strain RB51.

US Governmental Interagency Programs, Opportunities, and Collaboration

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 447-453
Author(s):  
H. Chen ◽  
M. Perchonok
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Area ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
Inspection Service

Improving the quality, value, and safety of national food supplies is the common mission of several Federal agencies. Under different authorities, these agencies conduct basic and applied research, develop curriculum at higher educational institutions, and disseminate new scientific knowledge about food processing, formulation, and preservation to a broad range of stakeholders. Emerging food processing technologies, including various thermal and nonthermal processes, as well as chemical processes, have received increased attention and investment in recent years. Some agencies dealing with Emerging Technologies include the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), and Food Safety Inspection Service (FSIS), and all of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The U.S. Army Natick Research Center of Department of Defense (DOD), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of Department of Human Health Service (DHHS) also are involved in this research area. These agencies have their vision, mission, strategic goals, and current programs and activities related to emerging food processing technologies. The synergy of effective collaboration and cooperation among all stakeholders is the key to generating an impact greater than the simple sum of all.

scholarly journals Response of the National Biosurveillance Integration Center to the Emergence of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in the United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yandace K. Brown ◽  
Tyann Blessington
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
States Department ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea ◽  
Inspection Service ◽  
Plant Inspection

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Animal and Plant Inspection Service (APHIS) announced the first diagnosed case of PEDV in U.S. swine on May 17, 2013. NBIC has been monitoring this epidemic primarily due to economic concerns. Without a formal response protocol by a single coordinating agency, PEDV spread rapidly between states. Though APHIS have been actively involved from the beginning of emergence, the Federal Order announced on June 5, 2014 marks more formalized and coordination response, which NBIC predicts will exert greater control over the epidemic despite the predicted viral surge in the colder months.

Adoption Barriers in a High-Risk Agricultural Environment

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-85
Author(s):  
Shari R. Veil
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovation ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
The United States ◽  
Identification System ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Animal Identification ◽  
Inspection Service

To lessen the threat of an intentional or naturally occurring livestock disease, the Animal Plant Health Inspection Service of the United States Department of Agriculture introduced the National Animal Identification System (NAIS) encouraging the use of innovative tools such as radio frequency identification (RFID) tags to track cattle across the country. This study examines the barriers to adoption of NAIS and RFID technology as risk-reduction tools. Diffusion of innovation literature is used to analyze a case study of a state livestock association advocating the rejection of NAIS and RFID technology. Implications for the diffusion of risk reduction tools are provided.

scholarly journals Facilitating collaborative animal research: The development and implementation of a Master Reciprocal Institutional Agreement for Animal Care and Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Holthaus ◽  
David Goldberg ◽  
Carolyn Connelly ◽  
Brian Corning ◽  
Christina Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Animal ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
States Department ◽  
National Network ◽  
Inspection Service ◽  
Animal Care ◽  
Common Understanding

AbstractEnsuring appropriate review, approval, and oversight of research involving animals becomes increasingly complex when researchers collaborate across multiple sites. In these situations, it is important that the division of responsibilities is clear and that all involved parties share a common understanding. The National Institutes of Health Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare and the United States Department of Agriculture Animal Plant Health Inspection Service require an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) to review the care and use of animals in research, and both agree that it is acceptable for one IACUC to review the work taking place at multiple institutions. With this in mind, several Harvard-affiliated hospitals and academic centers developed the Master Reciprocal Institutional Agreement for Animal Care and Use (Master IACUC Agreement) to support collaboration, decrease administrative burden, increase efficiencies, reduce duplicative efforts, and ensure appropriate protections for animals used in research. Locally, the Master IACUC Agreement has fostered greater collaboration and exchange while ensuring appropriate review and oversight of research involving animals. As multisite animal protocols become more prevalent, this Agreement could provide a model for a distributed, national network of IACUC reliance.

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