Food Protective Effects of the Active Constituent Isolated from Ostericum praeteritum against the Stored Food Mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 1887-1891
Author(s):  
MIN-GI KIM ◽  
JU-HYUN JEON ◽  
HOI-SEON LEE
Keyword(s):  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Toxicity Bioassay ◽  
Benzyl Benzoate ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Toxic Compound ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques

The acaricidal effects of the active constituent isolated from Ostericum praeteritum oil and its derivatives were compared with that of benzyl benzoate using fumigant and contact toxicity bioassays against Tyrophagus putrescentiae mites. The active compound of O. praeteritum was isolated by various chromatographic techniques and was identified as 3-methylphenol (C7H8O). On the basis of 50% lethal dose values, 3-methylphenol (1.42 μg/cm2) was determined to be 9.18 times more effective than benzyl benzoate (13.04 μg/cm2), followed by 6-fluoro-3-methylphenol (2.18 μg/cm2), 4-isopropyl-3-methylphenol (2.53 μg/cm2), and 6-chloro-3-methylphenol (4.03 μg/cm2), against Tyrophagus putrescentiae mites in the fumigant bioassay. In the contact toxicity bioassay, 3-methylphenol (1.03 μg/cm2) was the most-toxic compound against T. putrescentiae mites, followed by 6-fluoro-3-methylphenol (2.09 μg/cm2), 4-isopropyl-3-methylphenol (2.11 μg/cm2), 6-chloro-3-methylphenol (3.78 μg/cm2), and benzyl benzoate (10.33 μg/cm2). These results indicate that the introduction of chloro, isopropyl, and fluoro functional groups to the 3-methylphenol skeleton increased the acaricidal activity. Therefore, 3-methylphenol and its derivatives could potentially be used as natural acaricides against T. purescentiae.

Acaricidal Activities of Materials Derived from Pyrus ussuriensis Fruits against Stored Food Mites

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1258-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
JU-HYUN JEON ◽  
JI-YEON YANG ◽  
HOI-SEON LEE
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Benzyl Benzoate ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques

The acaricidal activities of materials derived from Pyrus ussuriensis fruits were evaluated against Tyrophagus putrescentiae and compared with that of commercial acaricide (benzyl benzoate). On the basis of the 50% lethal dose (LD50) values, the ethyl acetate fraction of the fractions obtained from an aqueous extract of P. ussuriensis fruits had the highest acaricidal activity (16.32 μg/cm2) against T. putrescentiae. The acaricidal constituent of P. ussuriensis fruits was isolated by chromatographic techniques and identified as 1,4-benzoquinone. On the basis of the LD50 values, 1,4-benzoquinone (1.98 μg/cm2) was 5.9 times more toxic than benzyl benzoate (11.69 μg/cm2), followed by 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (3.29 μg/cm2), and 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (5.03 μg/cm2) against T. putrescentiae in the fumigant bioassay. In a filter paper bioassay, the acaricidal activity of 1,4-benzoquinone (0.07 μg/cm2) was 120.1 times more effective than that of benzyl benzoate (8.41 μg/cm2), followed by 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (0.11 μg/cm2) and 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (0.30 μg/cm2) against T. putrescentiae. These results demonstrate that P. ussuriensis fruit–derived material and its derivatives have potential as new preventive agents for the control of stored food mites.

Food Protective Effects of Periploca sepium Oil and Its Active Component against Stored Food Mites

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
EUN-YOUNG JEONG ◽  
KYOUNG-SHIK CHO ◽  
HOI-SEON LEE
Keyword(s):  
Active Component ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Mite Control ◽  
Ld50 Value ◽  
Periploca Sepium

The aim of this study was to examine the acaricidal activity of Periploca sepium oil and its active component against Tyrophagus putrescentiae. Based on its 50% lethal dose (LD50) value, P. sepium oil (8.45 μg/cm2) was highly active against T. putrescentiae. The active constituent of P. sepium was isolated by chromatographic techniques and identified as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde. In the comparison with synthetic acaricides, the acaricidal activity of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (0.94 μg/cm2) against T. putrescentiae was 12.2- and 31.2-fold greater than those of benzyl benzoate (11.45 μg/cm2) and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (29.33 μg/cm2), respectively. To establish structure-activity relationships, the acaricidal activities of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde and its derivatives against T. putrescentiae were determined by using an impregnated fabric disk bioassay. On the basis of LD50 values, 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (0.48 μg/cm2) was the most effective against T. putrescentiae, followed by 3-methoxybenzaldehyde (0.82 μg/cm2), 2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (0.92 μg/cm2), 2-methoxybenzaldehyde (0.95 μg/cm2), 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde (0.97 μg/cm2), and 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (2.35 μg/cm2). These results indicate that the introduction of a hydroxyl and/or methoxy group into the benzaldehyde skeleton increased the acaricidal activity. Therefore, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde and its derivatives could potentially be used as potent mite control agents.

Food Protective Effect of Geraniol and Its Congeners against Stored Food Mites

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1468-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. JEON ◽  
C. H. LEE ◽  
H. S. LEE
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Benzyl Benzoate ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Baked Goods ◽  
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Silica Gel Chromatography

The acaricidal activities of compounds derived from the oil of Pelargonium graveolens leaves against the storage food mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, were compared with the activity of a commercial acaricide, benzyl benzoate, in an impregnated fabric disk bioassay. Purification of the active constituent from P. graveolens was accomplished by silica gel chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Structural analysis of the active constituent by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C-NMR, 1H-13C shift correlated spectroscopy NMR, and distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer NMR identified trans-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol (geraniol). Based on the 50% lethal dose values, the most toxic compounds against T. putrescentiae were geraniol (1.95 μg/cm3), which was followed by nerol (2.21 μg/cm3), citral (9.65 μg/cm3), benzyl benzoate (11.27 μg/cm3), and β-citronellol (15.86 μg/cm3). Our results suggest that geraniol is more effective in controlling T. putrescentiae than benzyl benzoate is. Furthermore, geraniol, which is used as a flavoring for beverages, candies, ice creams, and baked goods and congeners (citral and nerol), may be useful for managing populations of T. putrescentiae.

Active Monoterpene Ketones Isolated from Rosmarinus officinalis with Fumigant and Contact Action against Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank)

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 1355-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
JU-HYUN JEON ◽  
JUN-HWAN PARK ◽  
NAMHYUN CHUNG ◽  
HOI-SEON LEE
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Toxicity Bioassay ◽  
Benzyl Benzoate ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
Spectroscopic Analyses

The acaricidal activities of an active material derived from Rosmarinus officinalis oil and its relative monoterpene ketones were determined using fumigant and contact toxicity bioassays against Tyrophagus putrescentiae and were compared with that of a commercial acaricide (benzyl benzoate). The active component of R. officinalis oil, isolated by silica gel column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography, was identified as camphor, based on various spectroscopic analyses. In the fumigant toxicity bioassay, camphor (2.25 μg/cm3) was 5.58 times more active than benzyl benzoate (12.56 μg/cm3) against T. putrescentiae, followed by (+)-camphor (3.89 μg/cm3) and (−)-camphor (5.61 μg/cm3). In the contact toxicity bioassay, camphor (1.34 μg/cm2) was 6.74 times more toxic than benzyl benzoate (9.03 μg/cm2) against T. putrescentiae, followed by (+)-camphor (2.23 μg/cm2) and (−)-camphor (2.94 μg/cm2). These results indicate that camphor and its derivatives are very useful as potential control agents against stored food mites regardless of the application method.

Food Protective Effect of Acaricidal Components Isolated from Anise Seeds against the Stored Food Mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank)

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1208-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
HOI-SEON LEE
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Dibutyl Phthalate ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Lead Compound ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Benzyl Benzoate ◽  
New Agents ◽  
Selective Control

The acaricidal activity of anise seed–isolated anisaldehyde and commercially available components of anise seed was examined against Tyrophagus putrescentiae adults and compared with those of synthetic acaricides, benzyl benzoate, dibutyl phthalate, and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET). On the basis of LD50 (50% lethal dose) values, the compound most toxic to T. putrescentiae adults was anisaldehyde (LD50, 0.96 μg/cm2), followed by benzyl benzoate (LD50, 11.3 μg/cm2), anethole (LD50, 12.3 μg/cm2), dibutyl phthalate (LD50, 13.3 μg/cm2), DEET (LD50, 13.5 μg/cm2), estragole (LD50, 17.4 μg/cm2), and myrcene (LD50, 56.2 μg/cm2). Anisaldehyde was about 11.8 and 14 times more toxic than benzyl benzoate and DEET against T. putrescentiae adults, respectively. The results suggested that anisaldehyde, anethole, estragole, and myrcene derived from anise seeds are useful as a lead compound to development new agents for selective control of the stored food mite.

Acaricidal Activity of Constituents Derived from Peppermint Oil against Tyrophagus putrescentiae

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 1819-1823 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUN-HWAN PARK ◽  
JI-YEON YANG ◽  
HOI-SEON LEE
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Peppermint Oil ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Benzyl Benzoate

The acaricidal activities of peppermint oil and menthol isomers against mites in stored food were evaluated using fumigant and contact bioassays and were compared with the activity of benzyl benzoate as a synthetic acaricide. Based on the 50% lethal dose (LD50) values against Tyrophagus putrescentiae in the fumigant bioassay, menthol (0.96 μg/cm2) was approximately 12.18 times more effective than benzyl benzoate (11.70 μg/cm2), followed by (+)-neomenthol (1.33 μg/cm2), (−)-menthol (1.60 μg/cm2), and (+)-menthol (1.90 μg/cm2). In the filter paper bioassay, menthol (0.55 μg/cm2) was about 15.18 times more active than benzyl benzoate (8.35 μg/cm2), followed by (−)-menthol (0.84 μg/cm2), (+)-menthol (0.92 μg/cm2), and (+)-neomenthol (1.72 μg/cm2). However, (+)-isomenthol did not exhibit any acaricidal activity against T. putrescentiae in the fumigant and filter paper bioassays. These results indicate that peppermint oil and menthol isomers could be effective natural acaricides for managing mites in stored food.

Food Protective and Color Alteration Effects of Acaricidal Aldehydes on Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank)

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1728-1731 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. SUNG ◽  
J. H. LIM ◽  
H. S. LEE
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Benzyl Benzoate ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Color Alteration

The activities of benzaldehyde isolated from Prunus persica seeds and of commercially available aldehydes against Tyrophagus putrescentiae (a stored-food mite) adults were examined and compared with those of the synthetic acaricides benzyl benzoate and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide. On the basis of the 50% lethal dose (LD50), the compound most toxic to T. putrescentiae adults was salicylaldehyde (LD50 of 1.02 μg/cm2) followed by cinnamaldehyde (1.66 μg/cm2), benzaldehyde (4.23 μg/cm2), phthaldialdehyde (5.16 μg/cm2), benzyl benzoate (9.75 μg/cm2), and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (16.26 μg/cm2). Benzaldehyde was about 2.3 and 3.8 times more toxic than benzyl benzoate and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, respectively, against T. putrescentiae adults. These results indicated that benzaldehyde isolated from P. persica seeds and the three aldehydes (cinnamaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, and phthaldialdehyde) are useful as lead compounds for developing acaricidal agents against T. putrescentiae adults. The color of the T. putrescentiae cuticle was changed by treatment with cinnamaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, and phthaldialdehyde.

Isolation of Insecticidal Constituent from Ruta graveolens and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies against Stored-Food Pests (Coleoptera)

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 1536-1540 ◽  
Author(s):  
JU-HYUN JEON ◽  
SANG-GUEI LEE ◽  
HOI-SEON LEE
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Ruta Graveolens ◽  
Lasioderma Serricorne ◽  
Toxic Compound ◽  
Synthetic Insecticide ◽  
Structure Activity

Isolates from essential oil extracted from the flowers and leaves of Ruta graveolens and commercial phenolic analogs were evaluated using fumigant and contact toxicity bioassays against adults of the stored-food pests Sitophilus zeamais, Sitophilus oryzae, and Lasioderma serricorne. The insecticidal activity of these compounds was then compared with that of the synthetic insecticide dichlorvos. To investigate the structure-activity relationships, the activity of 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol and its analogs was examined against these stored-food pests. Based on the 50% lethal dose, the most toxic compound against S. zeamais was 3-isopropylephenol, followed by 2-isopropylphenol, 4-isopropylphenol, 5-isopropyl-2-methylphenol, 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol, 3-methylphenol, and 2-methylphenol. Similar results were observed with phenolic compounds against S. oryzae. However, when 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol isolated from R. graveolens oil and its structurally related analogs were used against L. serricorne, little or no insecticidal activity was found regardless of bioassay. These results indicate that introducing and changing the positions of functional groups in the phenol skeleton have an important effect on insecticidal activity of these compounds against stored-food pests.

Acaricidal Activity of Thymus vulgaris Oil and Its Main Components against Tyrophagus putrescentiae, a Stored Food Mite

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Y. JEONG ◽  
J. H. LIM ◽  
H. G. KIM ◽  
H. S. LEE
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Benzyl Benzoate

The acaricidal activities of compounds derived from Thymus vulgaris (thyme) oil against Tyrophagus putrescentiae were assessed using an impregnated fabric disk bioassay, and were compared with those of the synthetic acaricides, benzyl benzoate and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide. The observed responses differed according to dosage and chemical components. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) value of the T. vulgaris oil against T. putrescentiae was 10.2 μg/cm2. Biologically active constituents derived from T. vulgaris oil were purified by using silica gel chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. The structures of acaricidal components were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C NMR, 1H-13C COSY-NMR, and DEPT-NMR spectra, and were subsequently identified as carvacrol and thymol. Carvacrol was the most toxic compound with LD50 values (4.5 μg/cm2) significantly different from thymol (11.1 μg/cm2), benzyl benzoate (11.3 μg/cm2), and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (13.9 μg/cm2). Linalool was as toxic as was N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide. The lower LD50 of carvacrol indicates that it may be the major contributor of the toxicity of T. vulagaris oil against the stored food mite, although it only constitutes 14.2% of the oil. From this point of view, carvacrol and thymol can be very useful as potential control agents against stored food mite.

scholarly journals Prostaglandin E2Receptor Antagonist with Antimicrobial Activity against Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie A. C. Ikeh ◽  
Paul L. Fidel ◽  
Mairi C. Noverr
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Physiological Concentration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Abdominal Infections

ABSTRACTPolymicrobial intra-abdominal infections (IAI) involvingCandida albicansandStaphylococcus aureusare associated with severe morbidity and mortality (∼80%). Our laboratory discovered that the immunomodulatory eicosanoid prostaglandin E2(PGE2) plays a key role in the lethal inflammatory response during polymicrobial IAI using a mouse model of infection. In studies designed to uncover key PGE2biosynthesis/signaling components involved in the response, selective eicosanoid enzyme inhibitors and receptor antagonists were selected and prescreened for antimicrobial activity againstC. albicansorS. aureus. Unexpectedly, we found that the EP4receptor antagonist L-161,982 had direct growth-inhibitory effects onS. aureusin vitroat the physiological concentration required to block the PGE2interaction with EP4. This antimicrobial activity was observed with methicillin-sensitiveS. aureusand methicillin-resistantS. aureus(MRSA) strains, with the MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration values for planktonic cells being 50 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml, respectively. In addition, L-161,982 inhibitedS. aureusbiofilm formation and had activity against preformed mature biofilms. More importantly, treatment of mice with L-161,982 following intraperitoneal inoculation with a lethal dose of MRSA significantly reduced the bioburden and enhanced survival. Furthermore, L-161,982 protected mice against the synergistic lethality induced by coinfection withC. albicansandS. aureus. The antimicrobial activity of L-161,982 is independent of EP4receptor inhibitory activity; an alternative EP4receptor antagonist exerted no antimicrobial or protective effects. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that L-161,982 has potent antimicrobial activity against MRSA and may represent a significant therapeutic alternative in improving the prognosis of mono- or polymicrobial infections involving MRSA.

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