Relationship of Arsenic and Lead in Soil with Fruit and Leaves of Apple Trees at Selected Orchards in Michigan

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 935-942
Author(s):  
LOAN THI THANH CAO ◽  
LESLIE D. BOURQUIN
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Total Arsenic ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Lead Arsenate ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Orchard Soil ◽  
Fruit Orchards

ABSTRACT Historically, lead arsenate pesticides were commonly used in fruit orchards. Residues of metals from this historical use can persist in soil for decades, which can result in potential risk for humans if they consume fruits grown on contaminated soil. This research was conducted to assess lead and arsenic levels in apples, leaves, and orchard soil where the apples were grown to determine the relationship between metal levels in fruits and fruit products with those in orchard soil. Soil and tree tissue samples were collected from several Michigan farms, and metal concentrations were quantified by using microwave extraction and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0 to 20 cm and 20 to 40 cm at a distance of 1 m from the tree trunk. Fruit samples also were processed into juice and pomace fractions to assess the partitioning of arsenic and lead during juice processing. The lead concentration was significantly higher in topsoil (9.4 μg/kg) compared with subsoil (6.9 μg/kg), but the arsenic content did not differ between the two soil layers (P > 0.05). Lead concentrations in apple leaves were correlated with lead in topsoil (0 to 20 cm; P = 0.03). Concentrations of total arsenic in all juice samples were less than 1 μg/kg and showed less potential than lead for uptake and translocation to fruits. There was no significant relationship between soil arsenic content and total arsenic concentrations in juice, pomace, and leaf samples (P > 0.05). Results of this research indicate that lead and total arsenic concentrations in apples and apple products from these selected orchards in Michigan are unlikely to be impacted by the contamination of these metals in orchard soil. HIGHLIGHTS

scholarly journals Trace Metal Levels in Vehicle Air and Pollen Filter Dusts by the BCR Extraction Procedure

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Altundağ ◽  
Mustafa Şahin Dündar ◽  
Can Serkan Keskin
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Air Filters ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The availability of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Fe and Zn of dust from vehicle air and pollen filters were investigated by four-step BCR (European Community Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction procedure. The acid-soluble, reducible, oxidizable, residual extracts were measured by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The results indicated that both of air and pollen filter dusts contained higher concentration of Fe. To estimate the accuracy of the method the standard reference material BCR 701 was used. The results for recovery all the elements were found in the range 95.4-101.3%. The mean concentrations [μg/g] of trace elements in dusts from air filters/pollen filters were: cadmium 16.72/17.56; cobalt 24.22/23.72; chromium 46.02/55.44; copper 44.92/37.67; iron 1868.03/1854.92; manganese 231.2/213.64; nickel 38.89/45.27; lead 60.99/67.17; zinc 199.58/201.25. The results obtained are in agreement with data reported in the literature.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF TRACE METALS DUE TO THE PRODUCTION AND USE OF DIESEL THROUGH THE AIR QUALITY MONITORING OF IMPACTED AREAS

2009 ◽  
Vol 06 (12) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Josiane LOYOLA ◽  
Simone Lorena QUITERIO ◽  
Viviane ESCALEIRA ◽  
Graciela ARBILLA
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Total Particulate Matter ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Light Duty Vehicles

The petroleum industry has difficulties to assess the trace metal content in liquid fuels. In this work, it is proposed to solve this problem determining these metals by collecting particulate matter atmospheric samples and analysing their metal content. Samples of total particulate matter and of inhalable particles (PM10) were collected in a bus station in the period August 2006-February 2007. The only significant emission source in that location are the buses, fueled by diesel, since light duty vehicles account for about 1-2% of the total vehicular flux and no other activities are developed in the area. Metal levels were determined by ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy). Ca, Mg, Fe and Al were the most abundant compounds, and account for about 50.1%, 24.2%, 6.5% and 18.7%, respectively, of the metal contain. Co, Ni, Cd, Cr and Pb were under their detection limits, except for a few samples. Ca, Mg, Zn and Cu were determined in higher ratios that those currently find in crustal materials indicating that these elements may have important combustion sources and are enriched in the soil.

scholarly journals Metal levels in some refuse dump soils and plants in Ghana

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 244-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Agyarko ◽  
E. Darteh ◽  
B. Berlinger
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
The Other ◽  
Refuse Dump ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Two Cities

Concentrations of Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo and As were determined in soils and leaves of plants from refuse dumpsites and background soils in two cities, a municipality and a rural community in Ghana, using a ThermoFinnigan Element 2 high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric (HR-ICP-MS) instrument. The refuse dump soils were classified between 'Uncontaminated to Moderate' and 'Strongly Contaminated'. Pollution levels for Cd (Igeo = 2.06–2.40) and Zn (Igeo = 2.95–3.36) were higher than of the other metals. The refuse dump soil from the rural community was the least polluted with the metals. Fe and Ni loads in plants from the refuse dump soils in the cities and the municipality were beyond the normal ranges of 40–500 µg/g (Fe) and 0.02–5.00 µg/g (Ni). Transfer ratios for Cd, Hg, Cu, Zn and Pb and Fe of plants from the background soils were higher than those from the refuse dump soils, which might be due to the higher levels of organic matter, pH, phosphate, Ca and Mg in the refuse dump soils.

scholarly journals Total Arsenic Determination and Speciation in Infant Food Products by Ion Chromatography-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry

2004 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nohora P Vela ◽  
Douglas T Heitkemper
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Infant Food ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Inductively Coupled

Abstract Health risk associated with dietary arsenic intake may be different for infants and adults. Seafood is the main contributor to arsenic intake for adults while terrestrial-based food is the primary source for infants. Processed infant food products such as rice-based cereals, mixed rice/formula cereals, milk-based infant formula, applesauce and purée of peaches, pears, carrots, sweet potatoes, green beans, and squash were evaluated for total and speciated arsenic content. Arsenic concentrations found in rice-based cereals (63–320 ng/g dry weight) were similar to those reported for raw rice. Results for the analysis of powdered infant formula by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) indicated a narrow and low arsenic concentration range (12 to 17 ng/g). Arsenic content in purée infant food products, including rice cereals, fruits, and vegetables, varies from <1 to 24 ng/g wet weight. Sample treatment with trifluoroacetic acid at 100°C were an efficient and mild method for extraction of arsenic species present in different food matrixes as compared to alternative methods that included sonication and accelerated solvent extraction. Extraction recoveries from 94 to 128% were obtained when the summation of species was compared to total arsenic. The ion chromatography (IC)-ICP-MS method selected for arsenic speciation allowed for the quantitative determination of inorganic arsenic [As(III) + As(V)], dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), and methylarsonic acid (MMA). Inorganic arsenic and DMA are the main species found in rice-based and mixed rice/formula cereals, although traces of MMA were also detected. Inorganic arsenic was present in freeze-dried sweet potatoes, carrots, green beans, and peaches. MMA and DMA were not detected in these samples. Arsenic species in squash, pears, and applesauce were not detected above the method detection limit [5 ng/g dry weight for As(III), MMA, and DMA and 10 ng/g dry weight for As(V)].

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