MILK CONTAMINATION BY Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH IN AMAZONAS, BRAZIL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo A.M. Carneiro ◽  
Taynara N. Pasquatti ◽  
Daiane A.R. Lima ◽  
Rudiele A. Rodrigues ◽  
Haruo Takatani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
The State ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing

In Brazil, contamination of raw milk with Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) has been reported in several states. In Amazonas, the rate of consumption of raw milk and its derivatives is the highest in the country. The state has the highest prevalence of tuberculosis in both humans and livestock. Therefore, we assessed the contamination of cattle and buffalo milk with MTC in the state of Amazonas, focusing on Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) , the species most commonly originating in cattle and buffalo. In 2019, 250 samples of raw milk (91 cattle; 159 buffalo) were collected from three milk plants, before the processing, in the state of Amazonas. The samples were placed into 21 pools then analyzed using Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing and taxonomic classification by Kraken-2 and MegaBLAST. To confirm the identity of Mycobacterial species found, BLASTN was used to identify specific genomic positions at the TbD1 and RD1 regions and flanking RD4 region. MTC species genetic material were identified in all pools of raw milk. Genetic material consistent with M. bovis were identified in seven pools of raw milk (1 cattle and 6 buffalo). Milk from buffalo presented significantly higher MTC reads than milk from cattle. The common practice of consumption of raw milk and its derivatives in Amazonas presents an imminent risk to public health. Urgent measures to prevent transmission of foodborne tuberculosis are needed in the Amazon region. Greater efforts and resources should also be directed towards elimination of bovine tuberculosis disease in cattle and buffalo herds in the state of Amazonas and all of Brazil.

scholarly journals Trends in Testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex From US Public Health Laboratories, 2009–2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Tyrrell ◽  
Cortney Stafford ◽  
Mitchell Yakrus ◽  
Monica Youngblood ◽  
Andrew Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Complex Detection ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Objective: We investigated data from US public health laboratories funded through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Tuberculosis Elimination and Laboratory Cooperative Agreement to document trends and challenges in meeting national objectives in tuberculosis (TB) laboratory diagnoses. Methods: We examined data on workload and turnaround time from public health laboratories’ progress reports during 2009-2013. We reviewed methodologies, laboratory roles, and progress toward rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex through nucleic acid amplification (NAA) testing. We compared selected data with TB surveillance reports to estimate public health laboratories’ contribution to national diagnostic services. Results: During the study period, culture and drug susceptibility tests decreased, but NAA testing increased. Public health laboratories achieved turnaround time benchmarks for drug susceptibility tests at lower levels than for acid-fast bacilli smear and identification from culture. NAA positivity in laboratories among surveillance-reported culture-positive TB cases increased from 26.6% (2355 of 8876) in 2009 to 40.0% (2948 of 7358) in 2013. Public health laboratories provided an estimated 50.9% (4285 of 8413 in 2010) to 57.2% (4210 of 7358 in 2013) of culture testing and 88.3% (6822 of 7727 in 2011) to 94.4% (6845 of 7250 in 2012) of drug susceptibility tests for all US TB cases. Conclusions: Public health laboratories contribute substantially to TB diagnoses in the United States. Although testing volumes mostly decreased, the increase in NAA testing indicates continued progress in rapid M tuberculosis complex detection.

scholarly journals Cardiac angiosarcoma with the presence of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex genetic material

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 954-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Sleszycka ◽  
A. Sioma ◽  
L. Mazurkiewicz ◽  
A. Klisiewicz ◽  
I. Michalowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Cardiac Angiosarcoma

scholarly journals Tuberculosis in Antelopes in a Zoo in Poland – Problem of Public Health

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Krajewska ◽  
Michał Załuski ◽  
Anna Zabost ◽  
Blanka Orłowska ◽  
Ewa Augustynowicz-Kopeć ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Mycobacterium Caprae ◽  
In Captivity

Bovine tuberculosis is an infectious disease that occurs in many species of both domestic and wild animals, as well as those held in captivity. The etiological factor is the acid resistant bacillus (Mycobacterium bovis or Mycobacterium caprae), which is characterized by the major pathogenicity among mycobacteria belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The material from 8 antelopes from the zoo, suspected for tuberculosis were examined, and M. bovis strains were isolated from 6 of them. The spoligotyping method showing spoligo pattern 676763777777600. In Poland, this spoligotype has not been observed so far.

Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex by PCR in Fresh Cheese from Local Markets in Hidalgo, Mexico

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 849-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA LAURA PEREIRA-SUÁREZ ◽  
YESSICA ESTRADA-CHÁVEZ ◽  
ARMIDA ZÚÑIGA-ESTRADA ◽  
GONZÁLO LÓPEZ-RINCÓN ◽  
DAVID ULISES MIRANDA HERNÁNDEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Cyt B ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
Fresh Cheese ◽  
Exogenous Control

The objective of this study was to identify the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex bacterial DNA in samples extracted from fresh cheeses; 95 samples of fresh cheese were obtained from municipal markets in the state of Hidalgo, in central Mexico, and were analyzed in triplicate. The exogenous control for the amplification was the mitochondrial gene for cytochrome b (cyt-b). M. tuberculosis complex DNA was detected by nested-PCR amplification of a fragment of the mpb70 gene in six samples, four of which were obtained from regions with enzootic bovine tuberculosis. These results suggest that cheeses prepared with raw milk contaminated with M. bovis are being sold and consumed by humans, which may cause tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in cattle and lechwe (Kobus leche kafuensis) at the slaughter house

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Mudenda Bernard Hang’ombe ◽  
Chie Nakajima ◽  
Akihiro Ishii ◽  
Yukari Fukushima ◽  
Musso Munyeme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Lamp Assay ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Slaughter House ◽  
Lamp System ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis

The detection and diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in food-producing animals is critical to human health. In this study we applied the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) system to detect <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> complex (MTC) directly in 57 cattle and six lechwe (<em>Kobus leche kafuensis</em>) carcasses exhibiting lesions characteristic of TB. The samples were first subjected to Ziehl-Neelsen microscopy, followed by culture and LAMP assay. In addition, multiplex-PCR was used to determine the species involved. Of the samples from the cattle, 84.2% (95% confidence interval: 71.6-92.1) were found positive with Ziehl-Neelsen microscopy, 93.0% (95% confidence interval: 82.2-97.7) with culture, and 94.7% (95% confidence interval: 84.5-98.6) with the LAMP system while the<em> Kobus leche kafuensis</em> samples were all positive for all techniques used. These results indicate that the LAMP system can be used to augment the detection and surveillance of TB in animals; hence can be a very useful tool in the veterinary field and in public health.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Infection in Eurasian Badger (Meles meles) and Cattle in Asturias, Spain

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1294
Author(s):  
Cristina Blanco Blanco Vázquez ◽  
Thiago Doria Barral ◽  
Beatriz Romero ◽  
Manuel Queipo ◽  
Isabel Merediz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Meles Meles ◽  
Interspecies Transmission ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Infection Pressure

The present work investigated the prevalence, spatial distribution, and temporal distribution of tuberculosis (TB) in free-ranging Eurasian badgers (Meles meles) and cattle in Asturias (Atlantic Spain) during a 13-year follow-up. The study objective was to assess the role of badgers as a TB reservoir for cattle and other sympatric wild species in the region. Between 2008 and 2020, 673 badgers (98 trapped and 575 killed in road traffic accidents) in Asturias were necropsied, and their tissue samples were cultured for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) isolation. Serum samples were tested in an in-house indirect P22 ELISA to detect antibodies against the MTC. In parallel, data on MTC isolation and single intradermal tuberculin test results were extracted for cattle that were tested and culled as part of the Spanish National Program for the Eradication of Bovine TB. A total of 27/639 badgers (4.23%) were positive for MTC based on bacterial isolation, while 160/673 badgers (23.77%) were found to be positive with the P22 ELISA. The rate of seropositivity was higher among adult badgers than subadults. Badger TB status was spatially and temporally associated with cattle TB status. Our results cannot determine the direction of possible interspecies transmission, but they are consistent with the idea that the two hosts may exert infection pressure on each other. This study highlights the importance of the wildlife monitoring of infection and disease during epidemiological interventions in order to optimize outcomes.

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