scholarly journals Global climate change amplifies the entry of tropical species into the eastern Mediterranean Sea

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1478-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dionysios E. Raitsos ◽  
Gregory Beaugrand ◽  
Dimitrios Georgopoulos ◽  
Argyro Zenetos ◽  
Antonietta M. Pancucci-Papadopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Sea

scholarly journals Climate Change Risk Evaluation of Tsunami Hazards in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2881
Author(s):  
Cuneyt Yavuz ◽  
Elcin Kentel ◽  
Mustafa M. Aral
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
City Center ◽  
Climate Change Risk ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Coastal Risk ◽  
Economic Assets

Climate change impacts on social and economic assets and activities are expected to be devastating. What is as important as the analysis of climate change triggered events is the analysis of a combination of climate change related events and other natural hazards not related to climate change. Given this observation, the purpose of this study is to present a coastal risk analysis for potential earthquake triggered tsunamis (ETTs) coupled with the sea level rise (SLR) in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. For this purpose, extensive stochastic analysis of ETTs, which are not related to climate change, are conducted considering the effects of climate change related SLR projections for this century. For the combined analysis, economic and social risks are evaluated for two regions in the Eastern Mediterranean Coastline, namely the Fethiye City Center at the Turkish Coastline and the Cairo Agricultural Area near Egypt. It is observed that ignoring SLR will hinder realistic evaluation of ETT risks in the region. Moreover, spatial evaluations of economic and social risks are necessary since topography and proximity to the earthquake zones affect inundation levels due to ETTs in the presence of SLR.

Effects of climate change on the distributional potential of three range-restricted West African bird species

The Condor ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedictus Freeman ◽  
Julia Sunnarborg ◽  
A Townsend Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
West African ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Ecological Niche Models ◽  
Niche Models

Abstract A detailed understanding of species’ responses to global climate change provides an informative baseline for designing conservation strategies to optimize protection of biodiversity. However, such information is either limited or not available for many tropical species, making it difficult to incorporate climate change into conservation planning for most tropical species. Here, we used correlative ecological niche models to assess potential distributional responses of 3 range-restricted West African birds, Timneh Parrot (Pscittacus erithracus timneh), Ballman’s Malimbe (Malimbus ballmanni), and White-necked Rockfowl (Picathartes gymnocephalus), to global climate change. We used primary biodiversity occurrence records for each species obtained from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, eBird, and VertNet; for environmental data, we used climatic variables for the present and future, the latter characterized by 2 IPCC representative concentration pathways (4.5, 8.5) future emissions scenarios and 27 general circulation models for a 2050 time horizon. We found broad present-day potential distributions with respect to climate for all 3 species. Future potential distributions for Ballman’s Malimbe and White-necked Rockfowl tended to be stable and closely similar to their present-day distributions; by contrast, we found marked climate change–driven potential range loss across the range of Timneh Parrot. Our results suggest that impacts of climate change on the present distributions of West African birds will in some cases be minimal, but that individual species may respond differently to future conditions. Thus, to optimize conservation of these species, and of bird diversity in general, we recommend that regional-to-national species conservation action plans incorporate climate change adaptation strategies for individual species; ecological niche models could provide an informative baseline information for this planning and prioritization.

scholarly journals Spring distribution of shelled pteropods across the Mediterranean Sea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Johnson ◽  
Clara Manno ◽  
Patrizia Ziveri
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Saturation State ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Sea ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Natural Laboratory

Abstract. Shelled pteropods represent an excellent sentinel for indicating exposure to ocean acidification (OA). Here, for the first time, we characterise spring pteropod distribution throughout the Mediterranean Sea, a region that has been identified as a climate change hot-spot. The presence of a west–east natural biogeochemical gradient makes this region a natural laboratory to investigate how the variability in environmental parameters may affect pteropod distribution. Results show that pteropod abundance is significantly higher in the eastern Mediterranean Sea where there is a higher aragonite saturation state (Ωar), showing that distribution is positively correlated with Ωar. We also observed a resilience of pteropods to higher temperatures and low nutrient conditions, including phosphorous limitation. The higher abundance of pteropods in ultra-oligotrophic conditions (eastern Mediterranean Sea) suggests that this organism can play an important role as the prime calcifying zooplankton within specific oligotrophic regions.

scholarly journals Phenological responses to climate change based on a hundred years of herbarium collections of tropical Melastomataceae

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251360
Author(s):  
Duane F. Lima ◽  
José H. F. Mello ◽  
Isadora T. Lopes ◽  
Rafaela C. Forzza ◽  
Renato Goldenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Circular Statistics ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Phenological Data ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Herbarium Collections

Changes in phenological events have been vastly documented in face of recent global climate change. These studies are concentrated on temperate plants, and the responses of tropical species are still little understood, likely due to the lack of long-term phenological records in the tropics. In this case, the use of herbarium specimens to gather phenological data over long periods and wide geographic areas has emerged as a powerful tool. Here, we used four Melastomataceae species endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest to evaluate phenological patterns and alterations as responses to recent climate changes. Phenological data were gathered from Reflora Virtual Herbarium specimens collected between 1920 and 2018, and analyzed with circular statistics applied to the intervals 1920–1979, 1980–1999, and 2000–2018. The effects of temperature range, average temperature, precipitation, and photoperiod on flowering and fruiting of each species were tested using multiple linear regressions. Through circular statistics, we detected changes, mostly delays, in the flowering of Miconia quinquedentata, Pleroma clavatum and P. trichopodum, and in the fruiting of M. acutiflora, P. clavatum and P. trichopodum. We also found that flowering and fruiting occurrence were related to local climatic conditions from months prior to the collections. We found marked phenological variations over the decades and also that these variations are associated to global climate change, adding up to the large body of evidence from higher latitudes. Our results also support herbarium collections as an important source for long-term tropical phenological studies. The lack of consistent patterns of responses among the four species (e.g. fruiting delayed two months in P. clavatum and advanced one month in M. acutiflora) suggests that climate change has unequal effects across tropical forests. This highlights the urgent need for further research to understand and forecast the ecological implications of these changes in global ecosystems processes.

The aesthetics of water and land: a promising concept for managing scarce water resources under climate change

2010 ◽  
Vol 368 (1931) ◽  
pp. 5323-5337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Tielbörger ◽  
Aliza Fleischer ◽  
Lucas Menzel ◽  
Johannes Metz ◽  
Marcelo Sternberg
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Cultural Services

The eastern Mediterranean faces a severe water crisis: water supply decreases due to climate change, while demand increases due to rapid population growth. The GLOWA Jordan River project generates science-based management strategies for maximizing water productivity under global climate change. We use a novel definition of water productivity as the full range of services provided by landscapes per unit blue (surface) and green (in plants and soil) water. Our combined results from climatological, ecological, economic and hydrological studies suggest that, in Israel, certain landscapes provide high returns as ecosystem services for little input of additional blue water. Specifically, cultural services such as recreation may by far exceed that of food production. Interestingly, some highly valued landscapes (e.g. rangeland) appear resistant to climate change, making them an ideal candidate for adaptive land management. Vice versa, expanding irrigated agriculture is unlikely to be sustainable under global climate change. We advocate the inclusion of a large range of ecosystem services into integrated land and water resources management. The focus on cultural services and integration of irrigation demand will lead to entirely different but productive water and land allocation schemes that may be suitable for withstanding the problems caused by climate change.

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