scholarly journals Men and gender equality: tackling gender segregation in family roles and in social care jobs

2013 ◽  
pp. 215-239
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
Family Roles ◽  
And Gender

Gender aspects in Marine Science

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Başak Kısakürek Ibsen ◽  
Tiit Kutser ◽  
Katja Matthes ◽  
Marike Schmeck ◽  
Johanna Stadmark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Marine Science ◽  
And Gender

<p>The EU-funded project, Baltic Gender (www.baltic-gender.eu), has been working since 2016 to help reduce gender segregation and gender inequalities in marine science and technology. Gender-sensitive indicators from eight institutions participating in Baltic Gender (from Estonia, Finland, Germany, Lithuania and Sweden) set the scene for the status of gender equality in marine S&T in Europe today. Although 34-50% of doctorate students are women, this proportion drops dramatically at professorship positions (0-27%). The glass ceiling index can be used to look at the career phase, where bottlenecks in an institution appear (i.e., where the retention rates of different genders vary the most). More women than men are observed to drop out at the transition from postdoc to faculty positioning or from junior professorship to professorship, depending on the career path development plan of the specific institution. Data from German research ships (Sonne, Maris S. Merian, Meteor, Poseidon, Alkor, Polarstern, Heincke, Elisabeth Mann Borgese) show that the average length of the scientific cruises led by men and women was the same in 2018, but only one fifth of the chief scientists were women.</p><p>Baltic Gender implemented activities at three levels. At the individual level, initiatives (such as mentoring, leadership trainings and grass-root networks) were introduced to support career growth and networking, especially at those career stages where bottlenecks exist. At the structural level, best practice examples were selected from Baltic Gender partners and collected in a handbook to promote structural changes. These best practice examples support equal opportunities, transparent processes and respectful cooperation in marine sciences. Additionally, custom tailored training sessions were organised in the Baltic Gender institutions to raise awareness on various topics such as unconscious bias, work-life balance, border violations to name a few. At the research level, a new methodology that guides the integration of gender perspectives into the content of marine science projects was developed and tested. Finally, Baltic Gender endorsed the integration of the above-mentioned indicators, initiatives and practices in the Gender Equality Plans (GEPs) of its partner institutions, paving the way for long lasting and gender fair structures.</p>

scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE OF APPLYING THE GENDER EQUALITY PRINCIPLE AT INSTITUTIONAL LEVEL

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Alexandru Cordos
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
National Strategy ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Occupational Gender ◽  
And Gender

Gender equality, as a fundamental principle of the European Union, is included in a series of legislative and non-legislative documents recommending a balanced participation of both genders in the drafting and adoption of major decisions in the political and social fields, as a vital component in the development of a real democracy and a decisive factor of economic growth.In terms of the degree of labour employment, gender equality is reflected in the need to promote equally women and men in the labour market, particularly in leading positions.According to the European Commission’s report, women in European countries are still underrepresented in leadership positions, although there has been some general progress. Compared to the situation recorded ten years ago, at EU level, there was an increase by 16% of women involved in politics and appointed to ministerial posts.The drafting of the first National Strategy on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men adopted by Government Decision no. 319/2006 approving the National Strategy on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men for the period 2006-2009 and of the General Action Plan for Implementing the National Strategy on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men for the period 2006-2009.This shows that women in Romania still experience gender discrimination, and this is true for areas of economy where women are the majority, as well as for those where men are the majority. The result is the emergence of occupational gender segregation, feminized occupational fields are generally lower paid. Although progress has been made both in the field of education and that of labour employment, women still have many obstacles to pass before achieving real equality.The efforts to be made in order to strengthen gender equality must address not only the improvement of legislation in the field of opportunity and gender equality, but also a change in attitudes and behaviours, in social structures, so as to allow women to develop their personality according to their own will and be actively involved in all areas of life.

scholarly journals Graduates’ opium? Cultural values, religiosity and gender segregation by field of study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izaskun Zuazu-Bermejo
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Social Services ◽  
National Level ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control ◽  
Education Science

This paper studies the relationship between cultural values and gender distribution across fields of study in higher education. I compute national, field and subfield-level gender segregation indices for a panel dataset of 26 OECD countries for 1998-2012. This panel dataset expands the focus of previous macro-level research by exploiting data on gender segregation in specific subfields of study. I consider two focal cultural traits: gender equality and religiosity, and control for potential segregationfactors, such as labour market and educational institutions, and aggregate-level gender disparities in math performance and beliefs among young people. The estimates fail to associate gender equality measures with gender segregation in higher education. Religiosity is significantly associated with lower gender segregation in higher education. However, gender gaps in math beliefs seem to be strongerpredictors of national-level gender segregation. Field and subfield-level analyses reveal that religiosity is associated with less gender-segregated fields of education, science, and health, and specifically withthe subfield of social services.

scholarly journals Gender stereotypes can explain the gender-equality paradox

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (49) ◽  
pp. 31063-31069
Author(s):  
Thomas Breda ◽  
Elyès Jouini ◽  
Clotilde Napp ◽  
Georgia Thebault
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Economic Constraints

The so-called “gender-equality paradox” is the fact that gender segregation across occupations is more pronounced in more egalitarian and more developed countries. Some scholars have explained this paradox by the existence of deeply rooted or intrinsic gender differences in preferences that materialize more easily in countries where economic constraints are more limited. In line with a strand of research in sociology, we show instead that it can be explained by cross-country differences in essentialist gender norms regarding math aptitudes and appropriate occupational choices. To this aim, we propose a measure of the prevalence and extent of internalization of the stereotype that “math is not for girls” at the country level. This is done using individual-level data on the math attitudes of 300,000 15-y-old female and male students in 64 countries. The stereotype associating math to men is stronger in more egalitarian and developed countries. It is also strongly associated with various measures of female underrepresentation in math-intensive fields and can therefore entirely explain the gender-equality paradox. We suggest that economic development and gender equality in rights go hand-in-hand with a reshaping rather than a suppression of gender norms, with the emergence of new and more horizontal forms of social differentiation across genders.

Values and Gender Equality between Islam and the West

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Moulay Rachid Mrani
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Women And Gender ◽  
The West ◽  
Living Together ◽  
The Status ◽  
Muslim Intellectuals ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
And Gender

If the development of technology, means of communication, and rapid transportation have made continents closer and made the world a small village, the outcome of the ensuing encounters among cultures and civilizations is far from being a mere success. Within this new reality Muslims, whether they live in majority or minority contexts, face multiple challenges in terms of relating to non-Muslim cultures and traditions. One of these areas is the status of women and gender equality. Ali Mazrui was one of the few Muslim intellectuals to be deeply interested in this issue. His dual belonging, as an African and as a westerner, enable him to understand such issues arising from the economic, political, and ethical contrasts between the West and Islam. This work pays tribute to this exceptional intellectual’s contribution toward the rapprochement between the western and the Islamic value systems, illustrating how he managed to create a “virtual” space for meeting and living together between two worlds that remain different yet dependent upon each other. 

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