The political dynamics behind US and EU trade initiatives towards the least developed countries

2007 ◽  
pp. 74-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dries Lesage ◽  
Bart Kerremans
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Political ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Political Dynamics

Three Centuries and Counting

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline B. Ncube
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Political ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Political Dynamics ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
Knowledge Governance ◽  
Ip Law

This chapter provides a historical account of the development of intellectual property (IP) law on the African continent, and how IP systems and their transposed legislation displaced existing knowledge governance systems. It discusses how the entrenched primarily extractor-biased IP system in the post-TRIPs era led to a compliance confidence crisis in which ill-equipped African states were overwhelmed by the political dynamics that led to a compliance overdrive manifested in developing countries and least-developed countries (LDCs) enacting provisions they were not required to enact under prevailing transitional periods. In this context, it canvasses the continent’s attempt to leverage fully TRIPS flexibilities, and discusses the current continental IP system. It briefly considers the protection of traditional knowledge and plant varieties as exemplars of aspects of IP that are critical to the continent due to the nature of the primacy of a traditional way of life for a significant portion of its population.

scholarly journals Least developed countries – characteristics

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
V. Jeníček ◽  
Š. Grófová
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
The Political ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Peace And Security

Despite some progresses in the political situation, the effects of the economic crisis and widespread food insecurity are expected to persist. Humanitarian assistance is now needed to support the needs of the most vulnerable. In the longer term, countries have the significant goal of consolidating peace and security and strengthening the overall governance, while at the same time, reconstructing and rehabilitating their economy.  

Military-Inspired Anti-Bureaucratic Corruption Campaigns: an Appraisal of Niger's Experience

1986 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunle Amuwo
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
West African ◽  
The Political ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
World War ◽  
Local Section ◽  
Bureaucratic Corruption ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
French Speaking

The French colony of Niger gained republican status on 18 December 1958 and political independence on 3 August 1960. This vast country, twice the size of its ex-metropole, and which figures amongst the 25 least-developed countries in the world, was under the political direction of the Parti progressiste nigérien for over 15 years. The P.P.N. had come to power in September 1958, after capturing 78 per cent of the votes cast in favour of continued membership of the now defunct French Community, and was headed by Hamani Diori, the leader of the local section of the Rassemblement démocratique africain, the more or less common platform for French-speaking West African politicians after World War II. However, President Diori formed his first cabinet only after the independence constitution had been promulgated on 8 November 1960.

Quantification of Vitamin A in Fortified Rapeseed, Groundnut and Soya Oils Using a Simple Portable Device: Comparison to High Performance Liquid Chromatography

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Renaud ◽  
Jacques Berger ◽  
Arnaud Laillou ◽  
Sylvie Avallone
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Portable Device ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Control Food ◽  
Assay Precision

Vitamin A deficiency is still one of the major public health problems in least developed countries. Fortification of vegetable oils is a strategy implemented worldwide to prevent this deficiency. For a fortification program to be effective, regular monitoring is necessary to control food quality in the producing units. The reference methods for vitamin A quantification are expensive and time-consuming. A rapid method should be useful for regular assessment of vitamin A in the oil industry. A portable device was compared to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for three plant oils (rapeseed, groundnut, and soya). The device presented a good linearity from 3 to 30 mg retinol equivalents per kg (mg RE.kg- 1). Its limits of detection and quantification were 3 mg RE.kg- 1 for groundnut and rapeseed oils and 4 mg RE.kg- 1 for soya oil. The intra-assay precision ranged from 1.48 % to 3.98 %, considered satisfactory. Accuracy estimated by the root mean squares error ranged from 3.99 to 5.49 and revealed a lower precision than HPLC (0.4 to 2.25). Although it offers less precision than HPLC, the device estimates quickly the vitamin A content of the tested oils from 3 or 4 to 15 mg RE.kg- 1.

The Brunanburh Campaign: A Reappraisal

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Halloran
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Variant Form ◽  
Political Dynamics ◽  
Battle Of Brunanburh

Modern accounts of the battle of Brunanburh have generally suggested a location in the Northumbrian-Mercian borderlands east or west of the Pennines, a conclusion based in part on analysis of the aims and strategy of Anlaf Guthfrithson, Viking king of Dublin. This article re-examines the political dynamics of the coalition against Athelstan, taking account of the territorial and political ambitions of the kings of Alba and Strathclyde, and proposes a radically different interpretation of the campaign of 937. It also questions the reliability of the variant form Brunanburh as a guide to the battle's location and concludes that the most likely site was Burnswark in Annandale.

EMPOWERING WOMEN THROUGH ENTREPRENEURSHIP: ASPECTS AND APPROACHES

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
JAVED ALAM SHEIKH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
World Population ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Map ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status

Almost 50 per cent of the world population is constituted by the women and they have been making substantial contribution to socio-economic development. But, unfortunately their tremendous contribution remains unrecognized and unnoticed in most of the developing and least developed countries causing the problem of poverty among them. Empowering women has become the key element in the development of an economy. With women moving forward, the family moves, the village moves and the nation moves. Hence, improving the status of women by way of their economic empowerment is highly called for. Entrepreneurship is a key tool for the economic empowerment of women around the world for alleviating poverty. Entrepreneurship is now widely recognized as a tool of economic development in India also. In this paper I have tried to discuss the reasons and role of Women Entrepreneurship with the help of Push and Pull factors. In the last I have also discussed the problems and the road map of Women Entrepreneurs development in India.

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