The Political Transformation of the North African States in the Post–Arab Spring Period

2021 ◽  
pp. 212-224
Author(s):  
Laçin İdil Öztığ
Keyword(s):  
Arab Spring ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
North African ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
The North

scholarly journals A Social and Economic Perspective on the Libyan Conflict. Tribalism and Oil Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-330
Author(s):  
Anca Dinicu
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
North African ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
The North ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Strategic Position

AbstractThe Libyan conflict has become an issue at the global level since its beginning. The foreign aid and support help got by the revolutionaries in their attempt to overthrow the Qaddafi regime and the role of tribes not only during these events but also afterwards, the country’s strategic position and oil reserves are the main points of interest when considering the North African internationalized civil war. While the role played by the tribes in stabilizing the political and social framework still lays at crossroads, being extremely controversial, the economic value and strategic importance of oil, for domestic actors as well as the international ones, are above any doubt.

Colonial Photography

2020 ◽  
pp. 360-370
Author(s):  
Xavier Guégan
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Third Republic ◽  
The Political ◽  
Second Empire ◽  
North African ◽  
The North ◽  
Cultural Ideologies ◽  
Political Principles ◽  
Cultural Media

The succession of political regimes in post-1848 France was experienced in similar ways in post-conquest Algeria. The political, social and cultural ideologies that emerged during this period were mirrored in the North African départements, and therefore it is perhaps not surprising that connected events happened simultaneously in the métropole and Algeria. It was not only through its common events and political principles that the Algerian territories became French, but undoubtedly also as a result of the emergence of new cultural media and cultural political attitudes. Taking and viewing photographs were aligned with the new French paradigm of the modern Nation, its identity construction, and interconnection with Algeria. Up to the beginning of World War I there were two moments that connected the photographic visual imagery of Algeria as part of the creation of lieux de mémoire within the Second Empire and Third Republic regimes; the 1850s with its ‘cataloguing’ of the newly established French Algeria and the 1880s-1900s with its portraiture of ‘consumptions and ideologies’ of a French Republican Algeria.

Late Roman imported red slip ware in the Metelis region (Alexandria, Egypt)

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 129-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Mondin
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
North African ◽  
African Region ◽  
Upper Egypt ◽  
The North ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

AbstractThe study of red slip ware (RSW) imports in the Metelis region was bolstered by the significant presence of fine wares at the site of Kom al-Ahmer. The ancient town is located 44 km southeast of Alexandria. The study of the pottery is based on over 32,000 sherds, of which 472 are fine ware and 364 are imports from the Mediterranean basin and Upper Egypt. The flow of imported fine wares reflects the political events affecting Africa Proconsularis, in particular the invasion of the Vandals. Imports from Africa represent almost a monopoly on fine pottery imports through the first half of the fifth century. After the invasion, these were significantly reduced. However, there was no decline in the number of imported vessels and, from the mid-fifth century onwards, a considerable amount of Cypriot RSW and a smaller quantity of examples from Upper Egypt could be found. Thus, the change in pottery imports involved their areas of origin. After the Byzantine Empire conquered the North African region, pottery imports from Africa resumed in many Mediterranean contexts. This does not seem to have been the case at Metelis, where Cypriot RSW remained dominant and the imports of Egyptian RSW A and Aswan fine ware increased.

scholarly journals Does the Arab spring wave affect outward foreign direct investment (FDI)? Empirical evidence from the Mideast and North Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-430
Author(s):  
Aymen Hraiba ◽  
Mehmed Ganić ◽  
Azra Branković
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
North African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The North ◽  
North African Countries ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
The Impact

The paper aims to empirically explore the impact of the Arabic Spring on the outflow of FDI in twelve selected countries in the North Africa region (Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Libya, Egypt and Mauritania) and the Mideast region (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Lebanon, Jordan and the United Arab Emirates). The paper employs a panel data approach to exploit the time series nature of the relationship between FDI Outwards and its determinants (the market size, trade openness, government effectiveness, inflation and three dummy variables related to the Arab Spring) between 2000 and 2016. The findings revealed that the impact of the Arab Spring estimator is negatively correlated with FDI Outflows in the countries that witnessed the Arab Spring. It implies that conflicts and instability negatively affect FDI outflows. The findings of this study reveal that countries that have been affected by the Arab Spring directly (the North Africa region) experienced a greater decline of FDI outflows than countries that have been indirectly affected (the Mideast region). When the sample is restricted to North Africa it is shown that the FDI outflows may be influenced by the post Arab Spring effect, while there is no such statistically significant effect in the Mideast region. Thus, the study finds that FDI outflows in the North African countries are more determined by the effects of Arabic Spring countries than in the Mideastern countries.

scholarly journals Experiencias de incidencia política de la sociedad civil en el Norte de África

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
Laurence Thieux
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
North African ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
The North ◽  
Sociedad Civil

Este artículo analiza el papel de las organizaciones de la sociedad civil en los procesos de transformación política de varios países del Norte de África. A través de diferentes casos de estudios se analizan experiencias concretas de incidencia política así como su rol en los procesos de movilización colectiva que han impulsado los procesos de reforma o transformación política en estos países. Lejos de presentar un panorama homogéneo, las “primaveras” han acentuado las disparidades y la heterogeneidad que caracteriza la evolución política de las sociedades norteafricanas. Mientras que algunos países han mantenido sus sistemas políticos autoritarios (Argelia), otros han conseguido mantener las estructuras y equilibrios de poderes al adoptar reformas sin cambiar la naturaleza del sistema (Marruecos). Otros (Túnez y Egipto) están inmersos en complejos procesos de transición en los cuales las organizaciones de la sociedad civil han tenido mayor o menor influencia según el caso. This article analyses the role of civil society in the process of political transformation in several countries in North Africa. Through different case studies, concrete experiences of advocacy strategy and the role of CSO in the mobilization of collective actions that have driven reform processes or political transformation in these countries are highlighted. Far from presenting a homogeneous scenario, "Arab Springs" have accentuated disparities and divergences in the political evolution of the North African societies. While some countries have maintained their authoritarian political systems (Algeria), others have managed to maintain the structures and balances of powers and they have tried to adopt reforms without changing the nature of the system (Morocco). Others (Tunisia and Egypt) are involved in complex processes of transition in which civil society organizations have had varying influence accordingly. 

Diplomatic Divergence

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua M. White
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
North Africa ◽  
The Political ◽  
North African ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Legal Challenge ◽  
The North

This chapter discusses the political and religious-legal challenge that North African corsairs posed to the Ottoman treaty regime in a post–“Northern Invasion” Mediterranean, and explores the reasons for and consequences of the diplomatic divergence of the 1620s, when England, France, and the Netherlands began concluding treaties directly with the North African port cities. It argues that the legal and diplomatic fallout of a series of Algerian-Tunisian piratical raids in the 1620s and 1630s led to a permanent restructuring of the imperial center’s relationship with North Africa. As a result, Istanbul washed its hands of responsibility for the North African corsairs’ predations, granting explicit permission to its treaty partners to destroy any African corsairs who threatened them and creating conditions that led to dozens of European punitive expeditions against the North African port cities beginning in the 1660s and culminating in the French invasion of Algiers in 1830.

The North African Question and Its Relation to European Politics

1909 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
George Frederick Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Nous Avons ◽  
Vice President ◽  
The Political ◽  
European Politics ◽  
North African ◽  
The North ◽  
The Future ◽  
Colonial Empire ◽  
French Colonial ◽  
Storm Center

In 1905 the storm-center of European politics shifted definitely to Morocco, and from the Moroccan situation resulted a new alignment of the powers based primarily upon the political necessity of France.To comprehend the North African situation and its relation to European politics we must understand that upon the future of Morocco depends the future of a French colonial empire approximately the size of Europe.In his preface to the Voyages au Maroc of de Segonzac, Eugene Etienne, Député d'Oran, Vice-President de la Chambre des Députés, Président du Comité du Maroc, says, “Il est de toute évidence que de la solution qui sera donnée a la question Marocaine dépend l'avenir même de notre pays. Il ne s'agit pas ici d'un de ces territoires plus ou moins riches, plus ou moins désirables, au sujet desquels les transactions et les partages sont possibles. Les énormes sacrifices que nous avons faits en Algérie et en Tunisie peuvent se trouver annulés si la solution qui intervient n'est pas conforme a nos intérêts et à nos droits. Ces droits, a la fois historiques et vivants, nous les tenons de Bugeaud et de Lamoricière, de notre armee d'Afrique et de nos colons d'Algérie. Quelle puissance européenne pourrait en présenter de semblables?”

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