Extract from Appeal of One Half the Human Race, Women, against the Pretensions of the Other Half, Men, to Retain Them in Political and hence in Civil and Domestic Slavery; In Reply to a Paragraph of Mr. Mill’s Celebrated ‘Article on Government’, London, 1825, pp. 166–174

Volume IV ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 397-405
Author(s):  
William Thompson ◽  
Anna Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Human Race

Dualism in Iranian and Christian Traditions

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
François de Blois
Keyword(s):  
Cosmological Models ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Indefinite Number ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Origin Of The Universe

Since the time when the human race first began to speculate about the origin of the universe there have been two cosmological models that have seemed particularly attractive to its imagination. One has been to derive everything in the world from a single primal origin, out of which the cosmos, in all its apparent complexity, evolves. The other has been to view the history of the universe as a battle between two opposing forces which contradict and undermine each other. The two views can be called monism and dualism. They are not the only possibilities. There have been systems that posit three, four or an indefinite number of principles, but most of these have also tended to assume one basic pair of opposites with one or more neutral or intermediate principles beside them; this too can be seen as a form of dualism.

scholarly journals Types of Love Between People: A Modern Perspective Using A Descriptive Assessment of Survey Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip D. Clingan
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Good Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Assessment ◽  
The Bible ◽  
True Love ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Modern Perspective

Love is the strong affection a person has towards the other person. Love can be between people of different gender, age, colour, social status, religion, or nationality. True love knows no boundaries, and that is why there exist different types of love. Most of the different types of love are derived from ancient Greek. The purpose of the study is to show why different people will have a different kind of love and why each of the love is important to the parties involved. The love between two people can take different forms, and two parties cannot have all the ten types of love discussed. The ten types of love discussed include love for parents, love for friends, agape love, love for animals, intimate love, selfish love, and unenduring love for friends, love for close friends, obsessive love towards people, and child love. Each of the love is unique in its way and is beneficial to both parties involved. The greatest of these types of love is agape love. A good example of agape love was portrayed in the life of Jesus in the Bible. He loved the human race unconditionally and gave all to save them from humanity. Also, child love and parent love are important types of love because they enhance strong bonds between parents and their children. Animal love can be obsessive because it will make a person become too close to animals in caring for them. However, it’s an important type of love because it creates a good relationship between human beings and animals. Animals tend to feel protected in the presence of human beings.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF THE GIFT IN MODERN WESTERN PHILOSOPHY: J. DERRIDA AND J.-L. MARION

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-350
Author(s):  
E.R. Rogozina
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Human Race ◽  
The Gift

The article deals with the phenomenon of hospitality. The relevance of addressing the problem of the gift is dictated by the ambiguous interpretation of the term in modern Western philosophy. The problem of the gift is presented most controversially by the French philosophers M. Enaff, J. Derrida, M. Moss, J.-L. Marion. The article notes that the existence of human society is communicative by nature. The desire to accept the other, to tolerate the other, to crave the other, to seek a meeting with him/her persists in time and is constantly updated. The reason for this desire is neither psychological nor social. This desire has an ontological structure, it is inherent in the entire human race, and therefore determines the structure of its existence. This desire arose at the dawn of human relations and is characteristic for any culture. Desire is an attitude towards the other just like a gift and a demand for reciprocity. We are not talking about gratitude as a favor, but about the gesture of the offer, which is intended to glorify the meeting and the need to respond to this gesture with an appropriate gesture. The exchange of gestures, when both sides show interest in the exchange, is communication. Accordingly, the gift is communication.

Feminist Political Theory without Apology: Anna Doyle Wheeler, William Thompson, and the Appeal of One Half the Human Race, Women

Hypatia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 827-851
Author(s):  
Jim Jose
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Original Formulation ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Twenty First Century

Anna Doyle Wheeler was a nineteenth‐century, Irish‐born socialist and feminist. She and another Irish‐born socialist and feminist, William Thompson, produced a book‐length critique in 1825, Appeal of One Half the Human Race, Women: Against the Pretensions of the Other Half, Men, to Retain Them in Political, and Thence in Civil and Domestic, Slavery: In Reply to a Paragraph of Mr. Mill's Celebrated “Article on Government,” to refute the claims of liberal philosopher James Mill in 1820 that women did not need to be enfranchised. In so doing the Appeal undermined the philosophical credibility of Mill's liberal utilitarianism. The Appeal exposed the hypocrisy of the language of contract (whether social, sexual, or marriage) by showing that men's freedom and claims to rights presupposed the unfreedom and sexual subjugation of women. The article argues that the Appeal was an original formulation of feminist political theory that still retains its relevance in the twenty‐first century.

In the Bellies of Green Birds

2020 ◽  
pp. 201-224
Author(s):  
Faisal Devji
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Principal Value ◽  
Relationship Of

By claiming to love death more than their enemies do life, Al-Qaeda’s militants reject liberalism’s principal value. In doing so, they also open the possibility of moving beyond victimhood and all the other negative characteristics of humanity’s modern reality. Whether or not it is nihilistic, this attitude not only allows for a relationship of intimacy with the militant’s enemies, but also offers him the potential of exiting the human race itself in post-human visions of the martyr as an animal or bird.

scholarly journals The Singularity May Never Be Near

AI Magazine ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Race ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Technological Singularity

There is both much optimisim and pessimism around artificial intelligence (AI) today. The optimists are investing millions of dollars, and even in some cases billions of dollars into AI. The pessimists, on the other hand, predict that AI will end many things: jobs, warfare, and even the human race. Both the optimists and the pessimists often appeal to the idea of a technological singularity, a point in time where machine intelligence starts to run away, and a new, more in- telligent “species” starts to inhabit the earth. If the optimists are right, this will be a moment that fundamentally changes our economy and our society. If the pessimists are right, this will be a moment that also fundamentally changes our economy and our society. It is therefore very worthwhile spending some time deciding if either of them might be right.

scholarly journals The President's Address to the Association of Medical Officers of Asylums and Hospitals for the Insane, on Thursday, July 5th, 1860

1860 ◽  
Vol 7 (35) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Hygiene ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Self Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Primary Object ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One

The new position in which you have done me the honour this day to place me, entails upon me the duty of passing in review the varied interests and difficult problems of social and medical science, which are necessarily involved in promoting that which is the primary object of this Association, the welfare of the insane. The welfare of the insane! What a world of interests does not this small phrase include; what questions of individual happiness or misery; what questions of the prosperity or ruin of families; what questions of morality and law, of religion and politics; in fine, does it not ‘inferentially include the welfare of the human race. From time when Nebuchadnezzar ate grass, the happiness of the human race has often been at the mercy of the not metaphorical insanity of its rulers; and how often does not madness in lower stations imperil all that is precious. A mad orator on the floor of the house, or in the pulpit, may do comparatively little mischief, for opinion breaks no bones; but madness in a man of action, in an admiral for instance who commits suicide in the heat of an engagement, or an engineer in charge of a railway train; to what fearful disasters may it not give rise? In the world there is nothing great but man, in man there is nothing great but mind, says Hamilton. How vast, how wonderful a subject of study, therefore, is mind, whether in its integrity, or its decadence and ruin, in its health or its disease! Mental physicians, are we pledged to devote ourselves to the contemplation, and, as far as may be, to the full appreciation of this great subject, that we may oppose decay, and relieve disease ? Would it were possible to prevent it! Mental hygiene is, indeed, a subject vast as that of human progress. The highest and lowest stages of human development, those of the savage and the practical philosopher, are, perhaps, almost equally free from this direst scourge of human pride; the one with passions undeveloped, the other with passions under subjection. But the line of progress from one to the other of these termini, is strewn with those who have fallen in their weakness to linger and to die. Madness, the Nemesis of that ill-directed, ill-regulated development that we call civilization, what if it were to increase until the tendencies to mental disease overweighed in the community the conservative powers of health! There have been communities and times in which physical disease has threatened, or actually put an end to a race of men; and there have been communities and times in which folly and passion and delusion have been so widely endemic, that the fabric of society has been torn down, and even its very foundations shaken; and were it not for the resiliency of nature, the benign law of adjustment, by which deviations from law are a check upon further deviation, it is possible to conceive that the tendencies to mental infirmity and disease should increase; that passionate selfishness and insane folly should have continually augmenting power to reproduce themselves until acquired, and hereditary tendencies to madness should overbalance the forces of self-control and sanity, so that an observer, neither cynical nor metaphorical, might justly exclaim upon the “mad world,” and races, like families, become impotent for all except mischief and disaster, until time, the great physician, brought the only cure in extinction. Such speculations as these are not without their use, impossible as their realization may appear; they at least serve to make us value rightly the blessings we enjoy, blessings which from their commonness we are too apt to over look. We have no earthquakes in this country, and we calculate upon the stability of our buildings; we have no dead calms, and that world without motion, whose stagnant putridity has been painted by Byron and Coleridge, is to us a dread but impossible imagining. But the stability of our dwelling-place, and the restless agitation of the elements, although among those simple elementary conditions upon which our being depends, are also conditions which it is most easy to conceive might have been otherwise.

scholarly journals The theoretical aspect of transhumanism within the framework of historiosophical discourse

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
V. V. Okorokova
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transitional Stage ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Innovative Biotechnologies ◽  
The Future ◽  
The One ◽  
Physical Type

The article is devoted to the consideration of theoretical aspects of transhumanism in the course of historiosophical discourse. Emphasis is placed on the digitalization of society, which feeds the main issues of transhumanism, especially in the anthropological sphere. In this sense, transhumanism is the theoretical approach that proposes a futurological digression into the future of man, so to speak, from the man of the present physical type to the posthuman. Man is understood here as an object of experimentation to apply to him innovative biotechnologies aimed at artificially improving his physical capabilities. It is about solving one of the main problems – immortalism (immortality). The article presents the opinions of scientists from two poles of transhumanism research – positive and debatable. In particular, based on the works of wellknown ideologues of this scientific trend (N. Bostrom, R. Kurzweil, J. Huxley) points to a pronounced projective feature of transhumanism, which in turn contributed to the debate among scientists about the impossibility or danger of implementing a transhumanist program of transformation. The article reveals the origins of transhumanism, and most importantly the views of scholars on this issue.There was some bipolarity in the study of transhumanism in relation to humanism and postmodernism. On the one hand, transhumanism is seen as the embodiment of some humanistic and postmodernist elements. On the other hand, there are fundamental differences, such as the understanding of the human race is not the end of our evolution, but its beginning. Hence such concepts as “transhuman” and “posthuman”, where the first type is understood as a transitional stage to the decisive stage – post-human. Anthropotechnological factor permeates transhumanism, creating a futurological program of transformation of all spheres of life, taking into account the cosmic level. The article notes that these theoretical characteristics of transhumanism lead some scholars (A. Shcherbina) to the idea of its propensity for utopia, and a utopia of global scale.

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