Adaptivity and stability parameters of heterotic tomato hybrids (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in soil greenhouses

Varieties and hybrids which are stable in yield and suitable for cultivation in various soil and climatic zones have a particular value within the conditions of industrial production. New varieties created by breeders should be characterized by the highest yield in favorable conditions, and, at the same time, by the stable yield in other conditions, i.e. be highly accommodative. The aim of the research was to assess environmental stability and plasticity parameters of tomato hybrids according to the main characteristics of yield and then to select the hybrids F1 with high productivity and stability in soil greenhouses. The calculation of adaptive ability and ecological stability indexes was carried out according to the method of A.V. Kilchevsky and L.V. Khotyleva using the ADIS program. As a result, some hybrids were identified as heavy yielding and with high general adaptive ability according to the following parameters: early fruit yield - NikolaçLine‑2, Line‑4×Line‑2, NikolaçLine 19/3, NikolaçLine-9, Line TX-144×Irishka, Line B-3-1-8×Line 19/0, Line C-9464×Line 19/0; on the basis of “commercial fruit yield” - NikolaçLine-2, TX-144×Line-2, Line TX-144×Irishka, TX140×Line-2, Line TX-140×Line 19/3, Line B-3-1-8×Line 19/0, Line C-9464×Line 19/0; by the weight of commercial fruit - NikolaçLine 19/3, Line TX-144çLine 19/3, Line B-3-1-8×Line 19/0. Greater part of yield parameters was stable for hybrids NikolaçLine-2, Line-4×Line-2, TX-140×Line-2, Line B-3-1-8×Line 19/0, Line TX-144×Irishka. Hybrids combinations Azart and Vityaz have successfully passed the test and were recommended for planting on the territory of the Republic of Belarus. Thus, feasibility of ecological stability and plasticity assessment at the final stage of breeding process has been proven. It reduces possibility of errors in choosing hybrids for State testing procedures. Acknowledgments. The research was carried out within the framework of the State Program “Innovative Biotechnologies” for 2010-2012 and for the period up to 2015”, as well as the Interstate Target Program of the Eurasian Economic Community “Innovative Biotechnologies” for 2011-2015.

The theoretical aspect of transhumanism within the framework of historiosophical discourse

The article is devoted to the consideration of theoretical aspects of transhumanism in the course of historiosophical discourse. Emphasis is placed on the digitalization of society, which feeds the main issues of transhumanism, especially in the anthropological sphere. In this sense, transhumanism is the theoretical approach that proposes a futurological digression into the future of man, so to speak, from the man of the present physical type to the posthuman. Man is understood here as an object of experimentation to apply to him innovative biotechnologies aimed at artificially improving his physical capabilities. It is about solving one of the main problems – immortalism (immortality). The article presents the opinions of scientists from two poles of transhumanism research – positive and debatable. In particular, based on the works of wellknown ideologues of this scientific trend (N. Bostrom, R. Kurzweil, J. Huxley) points to a pronounced projective feature of transhumanism, which in turn contributed to the debate among scientists about the impossibility or danger of implementing a transhumanist program of transformation. The article reveals the origins of transhumanism, and most importantly the views of scholars on this issue.There was some bipolarity in the study of transhumanism in relation to humanism and postmodernism. On the one hand, transhumanism is seen as the embodiment of some humanistic and postmodernist elements. On the other hand, there are fundamental differences, such as the understanding of the human race is not the end of our evolution, but its beginning. Hence such concepts as “transhuman” and “posthuman”, where the first type is understood as a transitional stage to the decisive stage – post-human. Anthropotechnological factor permeates transhumanism, creating a futurological program of transformation of all spheres of life, taking into account the cosmic level. The article notes that these theoretical characteristics of transhumanism lead some scholars (A. Shcherbina) to the idea of its propensity for utopia, and a utopia of global scale.

Primary Prevention of New Pandemic and Biomimetic-Based Adaptation to Situation Connected with COVID-19 Pandemic

Acceleration of worldwide infection with mutant of coronavirus SARS CoV-19 require new paradigmatic of human activity based on negative feed-back system following basic mechanism of Homeostasis of all living organisms and ecosystems. Condition of efficient primary prevention is better integration of cooperation of interdisciplinary teams of experts, knowledge-based society and decision-makers on local scale with working global network focused on common action for efficient protection against contamination of the Human environment with mutagens for reduction risk of incidence new mutants [Ex: Coronaviruses and new pandemics]. Key factor for primary prevention is reduction at the sources emission of immune suppressors, carcinogens and teratogens. Efficient prevention is depended on without delay worldwide introduction of complementary good practice in innovative environmental biotechnology integrated with ecological engineering and circular bioeconomy-driven sustainable development adopted to different kind of regions. Let us recommend heuristic approach, better financial support of transdisciplinary innovative basic and research-developing studies, improvement application of new IT tools for speed dissemination of scientific and technical progress, elimination of bureaucratic barriers and progress in distance problem-solving training and lifelong learning focused on sustainable, knowledge-based society selecting decision-makers with proper imagination and responsibility. Introduction on wider scale innovative biotechnologies [Ex: Recommended by our team modern environmental ecological engineering integrated with renewable sources of energy, laser biotechnology for better adaptation to climate change, aquaculture, apiculture etc.] focused on better prevention against contamination of the air, water and food; would be beneficial for environmental health. It would be also useful for creation in the near future many green jobs all over the world and for reduction risk of unemployment and hunger. International action for greening cities adopted to climate change could be supported by introduction of proposed new generation of eco-buildings and green habitats. The most important eco-innovation would be designing and construction underground centres integrating innovative biotechnologies for waster, wastes management to biogas; useful for also underground greenhouses for wide scale hydroponic production pollutants-free vegetables, mushrooms, supported by laser biotechnology, apiculture and aquaculture. Such life-supporting system would be following ecosystems structure and function as new contribution to circular bioeconomy, especially useful for big cities. In the case of new epidemic, self-supporting in water and food green-habitats; could be more efficient in protection inhabitants against infectors. Taking into consideration synergistic effects of chemical, physical, biological pollutants of the human environment as well as impact of immune suppressors decreasing resistance of humans to infections and carcinogenic effects; is necessary for proper evaluation of existing health hazard as well as for prognostic study and efficient primary prevention against risk of new pandemics.

COVID-19 Vaccine: A Global Race

The emergence of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, at the end of 2019, triggered the worst pandemic of the last century, called COVID-19. Unlike SARS-CoV-1, which developed as an epidemic in 1996 but was limited to Asia, the new SARS -CoV-2 spread rapidly to millions of people worldwide, with a high mortality rate. Deciphering the structure of the viral S and SARS-CoV genome-2 allowed the identification of targets for vaccination, the most important being the viral protein S. The development of -COVID-19 vaccines is based on use innovative biotechnologies, some even experimental. Experience in vaccines SARS-CoV-1-MERS-CoV and may be useful for designing bad vaccine by emerging virus of SARS-CoV-2. Developing a vaccine anti-COVID-19 efficient, safe and accessible in the shortest possible time, remains the biggest challenge overall, in the race to limit pandemic today.

Bioeconomy as Innovative Component of the Environmental Management

The purpose of this article is to identify in Ukraine promising directions of the innovative component of bioeconomy that will contribute to the development of the environmental management. The commonly used definitions of the term bioeconomy are described, the main directions of bioeconomy are considered. It is determined that the main problem of bioeconomy development is its identification with biotechnology. The main problems which are solved with the help of innovative bioeconomy are investigated. The main factors determining the activation of bioeconomy development and a variety of innovative biotechnologies, which contributes to the development of the environmental management, as well as key factors of bioeconomy development, are substantiated. The main recommendations for forming the bioeconomic environment in Ukraine and the prospects for the development of the innovative component of bioeconomy on the domestic market are outlined.

DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE BIOTECHNOLOGIES IN AGRIBUSINESS

The definition of an “intensification of agriculture” was given in his article. The authors believe, that introduction of innovative biotechnologies in agribusiness will allow to receive the domestic agricultural enterprises a competitive production in global world. This article is revealed the role of innovative biotechnologies and examples of their application in agriculture.