From Mao Zedong to Deng Xiaoping

2018 ◽  
pp. 141-174
Author(s):  
Maria Hsia Chang
Keyword(s):  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Deng Xiaoping

Rescuing the Panda from a Reforming China

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Elena Songster
Keyword(s):  
State Ownership ◽  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Deng Xiaoping ◽  
Active Response ◽  
International Participation ◽  
Important State

The year 1976 was monumental for China with the loss of important state leaders, and a tragic earthquake. Amidst all of the government’s active response to a panda starvation scare demonstrates the importance of this animal to China. A repeat starvation scare in the mid-1980s creates an opportunity to trace the transformation of China from Mao Zedong era to the Deng Xiaoping era by juxtaposing the two panda-starvation scares. The responses to these two scares demonstrate a shift in the perception of nature from one of state ownership to one of popular ownership and illustrate the dramatic increase in international participation in the study of the panda and the efforts to preserve this national treasure.

On Chinese Pragmatism in the 1980s

1986 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 207-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian W. Pye
Keyword(s):  
Policy Evaluation ◽  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Chinese Politics ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Deng Xiaoping ◽  
Contemporary China ◽  
Near Unanimity

The orthodoxy of the day is that Chinese politics is now pragmatic. The China that was once the ultimate in ideological politics in both the intensity of her passions and the follies of her principles has vanished as by the wave of a conjurer's hand. The primacy of ideology, the hallmark of Chinese Communism under Chairman Mao Zedong, has been replaced by the no-nonsense philosophy of Deng Xiaoping who does not care about the “colour of the cat” so long as it catches “the mice.” With near unanimity scholars of contemporary China welcome the change. It promises not only liberation for the Chinese people from the heavy hand of doctrinal politics but also the prospect that analysis of Chinese developments can emerge from the realm of murky esoteric interpretation into the fresh air of reasoned policy evaluation.

scholarly journals Political and socio-Economic Modernization of Modern China: The Dynamics of Ideological and Worldview Accents

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
S. А. Prosekov
Keyword(s):  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Modern China ◽  
Deng Xiaoping ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Chinese Characteristic ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Modernization ◽  
Opening Up

The article describes the history of the development of the economy and socio-political relations within the People’s Republic of China during the “reforms and opening up” since December 1978 The article gives a history of the progress of reforms before Xi Jinping came to power The paper examines each leader’s contribution from four generations of the country’s leaders in solving the problems of implementing economic and political reforms The author of the article describes the methods used by the leaders of the Celestial Empire to modernise the country to improve the wellbeing of the population and build “socialism with Chinese characteristic” The article provides a brief description of the achievements and failures in the process of leading the country by Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, and Hu Jintao.

scholarly journals El Pragmatismo en la CSS de China: integración del genio histórico y elementos modernos

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-102
Author(s):  
Fang Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Deng Xiaoping ◽  
Xi Jinping

Durante los últimos setenta años, China ha sido una estrella fulgurante en el campo de la cooperación internacional. El factor principal que contribuyó al ascenso exitoso del gigante asiático es el pragmatismo reflejado en sus estrategias de Cooperación Sur- Sur (CSS). El desarrollo de las estrategias tiene tres fases- el período de Mao Zedong (1949-1976), la época y la post-época de Deng Xiaoping (1978-2012) y la nueva etapa de Xi Jinping (desde 2013)- y en cada una observan reformas dirigidas, en vez de por las ideologías, por los intereses del Estado en diferentes contextos internacionales. Consecuentemente, el progreso de la CSS de China cambió la estructura política internacional, y ofreció experiencias y lecciones útiles para otros países en desarrollo. El presente trabajo va a analizar desde el vínculo de continuidad del pragmatismo las estrategias de la CSS de China a lo largo de las tres fases, y durante un período de tiempo que va desde la década de 1950 hasta la actualidad.

Politically-Engaged Intellectuals in the 1990s

1999 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 700-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merle Goldman
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Chinese History ◽  
Deng Xiaoping ◽  
Elite Status ◽  
Jiang Zemin ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Economic Modernization ◽  
Mao Era

Although dissident intellectuals and students continued to be persecuted in the post-Mao Zedong regimes of Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin, China's intellectuals were no longer denigrated as a class, harassed, suppressed, imprisoned and persecuted to death as they had been during the Mao era. Like the 19th-century self-strengtheners, Deng and his appointed successors regarded intellectuals as essential to achieve their goal of economic modernization and make China once again “rich and powerful.” Those intellectuals involved in the sciences, technology and economics in particular enjoyed elite status as advisers to the government, similar to that which intellectuals had enjoyed throughout most of Chinese history until the 1949 revolution.

Classical Marxism and Maoism: A comparative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
A. James Gregor
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Socialist Revolution ◽  
Deng Xiaoping ◽  
Friedrich Engels ◽  
Maoist China

The issue of the Marxist character of “Mao Zedong Thought” has never really been resolved. The present work is a comparative analysis of the classical Marxism of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels and the ideology of Mao Zedong. The argument is made that whatever Marxism there was in Maoism was the “creatively developed Marxism” of V. I. Lenin–which allowed for socialist revolution in retrograde economic circumstances–something that had been specifically rejected by Marx and Engels. That led to the theoretical idiosyncrasies that characterized Maoism throughout its history, and ultimately resulted in the form rejected by Deng Xiaoping and post-Maoist China.

The New Officer Corps: Implications for the Future

1996 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 315-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
June Teufel Dreyer
Keyword(s):  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Deng Xiaoping ◽  
Officer Corps ◽  
General Staff ◽  
People's Liberation Army ◽  
The Future ◽  
People’S Liberation Army ◽  
The Military

In early 1975, in a speech to the cadres of the headquarters of the General Staff Department of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Deng Xiaoping delivered his blueprint for the military of the future. The radical restructuring of the military and its officer corps that it entailed was purportedly proposed by Mao Zedong himself. However, the fact that the speech was not made public until 1983, allegedly because it had been suppressed by the Gang of Four, makes it more likely that the architect of the reorganization, with its far-reaching implications for the PLA's officer corps, was Deng himself. Two decades later, at the close of the Deng era, it is important to examine the thrust of this document in assessing trends for the officer corps of the future.

scholarly journals De dragón revolucionario, a tímido, y ahora rejuvenecido Las etapas de la política exterior china

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mayra Vélez Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Deng Xiaoping ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
El Sistema

Desde la toma de poder de Xi Jinping, se ha estado debatiendo sobre el futuro de la política exterior china. Sin embargo, estos debates carecen de contexto histórico o ideológico. Dado el carácter hipercentralizado del sistema político chino, la política exterior se debe analizar usando como fundamento las Ideología Guías y los Principios Guías creados por distintos líderes del país. Esto permite entender tanto los factores ideológicos de su política exterior, así como las estrategias y acciones que China ha tomado a nivel internacional. Mediante el análisis de documentos primarios, discursos, libros blancos y documentos secundarios, esta investigación propone que la política exterior china (desde 1949) ha tenido tres etapas distintivas. La primera etapa, que se extiende durante el período en que Mao Zedong estuvo en el poder, se caracteriza por la creación de Principios Guías enfocados en el activismo revolucionario e internacional. La segunda etapa, que comienza con Deng Xiaoping y concluye con Hu Jintao (1978-2012), se define como una etapa tímida, renuente de llamar la atención o tomar liderazgo internacionalmente. Mientras que la última etapa, ha comenzado con Xi Jinping (2013) y se diferencia por una mayor asertividad, confianza y disponibilidad de tomar liderazgo ante el sistema internacional. Este artículo es un breve compendio de los factores históricos e ideológicos que ponen en contexto la evolución de la política exterior de China y la relación de Xi Jinping con la política de su antecesores.

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