Development Policies in the Italian Mezzogiorno: Lessons from the Past

2018 ◽  
pp. 104-128
Author(s):  
Maurizio Franzini
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
Development Policies

The Italian Regions' European Challenge: Comparing Four Strategies

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Profeti
Keyword(s):  
Local Development ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Structural Funds ◽  
The Past ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Organizational Procedures ◽  
Administrative Elites

During the last two decades European cohesion policy exercised a considerable impact on sub-national institutions. In Italy, structural funds provided regions with new opportunities of participation in the European policy-making making them acquire a brand new role in the planning and management of local development policies. However, these opportunities required regions to be able to play an active role towards Brussels, to develop new administrative and organizational procedures and to put in place new mechanisms of territorial governance. This work, which examines the strategies carried out by four Italian regions to respond to such a threefold challenge, individuates the legacy of the past and the characteristics of political and administrative elites as the key factors which, if combined, are able to explain the timing and scope of regional responses.

Urban Policy and Performance in Kenya and Tanzania

1975 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Stren
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
World Region ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Rural Development Policies

Over the past ten years, African governments have wrestled with the problems of designing and implementing comprehensive rural development policies. In an overwhelmingly rural continent with, for most areas, only a recent history of urbanisation, such an emphasis is understandable. But if African cities are for the most part young, and small by world standards, they are also growing faster than cities in any other major world region. This rapid growth, superimposed on a meagre resource base, will put increasing pressure on planners to devise solutions for the adequate and equitable distribution of urban services. The solutions that emerge, however, will be heavily conditioned by two sets of factors: the immediate demands of urban growth, and the wider political/administrative and social context within which policy-making takes place.

scholarly journals The evolution of development conventions

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Stefano Erber
Keyword(s):  
Political Power ◽  
Evolution Of Development ◽  
Complex Societies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Problems And Solutions

This paper presents a conceptual view on development and its translation into development policies. It argues that society's perception of development is structured by conventions, which provide a view of the past, present and future and, at the same time, allows a certain hierarchy of problems and solutions to such problems. The prevalence of a specific convention depends on the international conditions faced by this society and on the distribution of economic and political power within that society. Therefore, in complex societies there is always a struggle for hegemony between competing development conventions.

scholarly journals Analysis of Local Wisdom as Environmental Conservation Strategy in Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Astri Hasbiah
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Diverse Population ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Official Records

Environmental problems as a result of unsustainable development require holistic solution to be solved. One of the solutions is the reimplementation of local wisdom. In the past, people lived in harmony with the environment and almost all ethnic groups in Indonesia have the wisdom to preserve and manage the environment inherited by their ancestors. Local wisdom is invaluable tradition that has influenced people’s attitude and behaviour towards nature. However, this wisdom is abandoned by modern developments. This study aims to analyse the reimplementation of local wisdom as an environmental conservation strategy. Difficulties in learning and using local wisdom practiced in the past are encountered in the reimplementation process. This is due to unavailability of local wisdom official records. Another difficulty is society’s unwillingness to re-implement local wisdom. Local wisdom is considered as outdated by many people. Reimplementation of local wisdom can be conducted through systematic approach in education system, integrated socio cultural approach and consistent government development policies. The re-implementation of local wisdom should be adapted to current times. It should not simply adopt local wisdom in the past as it was because it will not suitable with the present time. Renewal of existing local wisdom can be used by the government to create sustainable development. Environmental conservation should be conducted by considering local situation and condition as Indonesia has a very diverse population and environmental conditions. Keywords: environmental conservation; local wisdom.

PETROLEUM, POLITICS AND PRIVATE ENTERPRISE

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
P.N. Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Private Enterprise ◽  
Free Enterprise ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Mutual Exclusivity ◽  
Maximum Extent ◽  
Governmental Policy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Policies

For too long in Australia politics and free enterprise have maintained in the main a stance of mutual exclusivity, thereby almost guaranteeing the violent ructions in our economy and society we have seen over the past three years as a result of a change in government. This would appear to be due primarily to a lack of concern and understanding on the part of both the private and government sectors in one another's problems, needs, and aspirations. This gives rise to needless hesitation and lack of confidence in planning investment and development policies. Perhaps nowhere is this better exemplified than in the petroleum and minerals sector where uncertainties as a result of ad hoc and sometimes incomprehensible governmental policy decisions have had extremely deleterious consequences on individual companies, the resources industry, and Australia.There has been and there still is a communications gap between those in private enterprise who aspire to create and expand profits which in turn can be allocated to employee and shareholder benefits and new investment, and those in government who have the responsibility of ensuring that the nation develops economically in such a way as to benefit all Australians to the maximum extent possible. That gap must be closed and remain closed if we are to avoid the upheavals of the past.

Women, Empowerment, and Economic Development

1997 ◽  
Vol 554 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
REKHA MEHRA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Poor Women ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Wage Employment ◽  
Policies And Programs

Development policies and programs tend not to view women as integral to the economic development process. This is reflected in the higher investments in women's reproductive rather than their productive roles, mainly in population programs. Yet women throughout the developing world engage in economically productive work and earn incomes. They work primarily in agriculture and in the informal sector and, increasingly, in formal wage employment. Their earnings, however, are generally low. Since the 1950s, development agencies have responded to the need for poor women to earn incomes by making relatively small investments in income-generating projects. Often such projects fail because they are motivated by welfare and not development concerns, offering women temporary and part-time employment in traditionally feminine skills such as knitting and sewing that have limited markets. By contrast, over the past twenty years, some nongovernmental organizations, such as the Self-Employed Women's Association in India, have been effective in improving women's economic status because they have started with the premise that women are fundamental to the process of economic development.

scholarly journals Neoliberalism 4.0: The Rise of Illiberal Capitalism Comment on "How Neoliberalism Is Shaping the Supply of Unhealthy Commodities and What This Means for NCD Prevention"

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Labonté
Keyword(s):  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
World War Two ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Liberal Philosophy ◽  
Income And Wealth Distribution

Neoliberal logic and institutional lethargy may well explain part of the reason why governments pay little attention to how their economic and development policies negatively affect health outcomes associated with the global diffusion of unhealthy commodities. In calling attention to this the authors encourage health advocates to consider strategies other than just regulation to curb both the supply and demand for these commodities, by better understanding how neoliberal logic suffuses institutional regimes, and how it might be coopted to alternative ends. The argument is compelling as possible mid-level reform, but it omits the history of the development of neoliberalism, from its founding in liberal philosophy and ethics in the transition from feudalism to capitalism, to its hegemonic rise in global economics over the past four decades. This rise was as much due to elites (the 1% and now 0.001%) wanting to reverse the progressive compression in income and wealth distribution during the first three decades that followed World War Two. Through three phases of neoliberal policy (structural adjustment, financialization, austerity) wealth ceased trickling downwards, and spiralled upwards. Citizen discontent with stagnating or declining livelihoods became the fuel for illiberal leaders to take power in many countries, heralding a new, autocratic and nationalistic form of neoliberalism. With climate crises mounting and ecological limits rendering mid-level reform of coopting the neoliberal logic to incentivize production of healthier commodities, health advocates need to consider more profound idea of how to tame or erode (increasingly predatory) capitalism itself

scholarly journals POLA PENYEBARAN SPASIAL INVESTASI DI INDONESIA: SEBUAH PELAJARAN DARI MASA LALU

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
J. J. Sarungu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Disparity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Spread Pattern ◽  
The Government

Economic development theorists generally beliefs that investment mainly played an important role in economic growth. Based on that, one can easily to think that spatially disparity of economic growth mostly depends on spatially spread of investment. This work try to investigate the spatially spread pattern of investment in Indonesia in the past before the Asian financial and economic crisis occurred. In that time, the government development policy stressed not only on economic growth but also on reducing economic disparity included spatially. In the recent, the two kinds of economic development policies’ stressing are still continued by the government. Generally, the lessons from the past is that the spatially spread pattern of investment in Indonesia tended to still concentrated in the western Java island (in Jakarta and its surrounding) and also in the Sulawesi island. While in the other island, investment tended to spread.

Challenges Faced by Entrepreneurial Fishermen Communities in Bangladesh: Realities from the Ground

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-209
Author(s):  
S. K. Mashudur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Focus Group Discussion ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Fishing Communities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Policies

In Bangladesh, there are more than 30 indigenous fishing communities who depend on fishing as their chief sources of livelihood. In the past, they faced no problems for accessing the open water bodies. During the last few decades, due to siltation of rivers, wetlands, involvement of non-indigenous fishermen in fishing, lack of appropriate entrepreneurship development policies, indigenous fishermen are shifting their traditional occupations at an alarming rate and facing a very measurable economic condition. Based on sample surveys (250 respondents), focus group discussion and case studies among the five fishermen communities, this article has been prepared.

scholarly journals Derivation of demographic depression index using GIS analysis - an example from Medjimurje county

Stanovnistvo ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-87
Author(s):  
Ivan Maric ◽  
Snjezana Mrdjen ◽  
Silvija Siljeg
Keyword(s):  
Population Aging ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
The Past ◽  
Territorial Unit ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Rural Exodus

Over the past three decades, Croatia has been experiencing a process of depopulation and population aging. This is the result of demographic changes in the past, especially in the second half of the 20th century. In this paper, the index of demographic-depressed areas (iddp) for the settlements of Croatia was derived using GIS multicriteria analysis (GIS-MCDA). An iddp was derived for all Croatian counties (21) and detailed analysis of demographic-depressed and vital areas was conducted for the settlements of Medjimurje County (131). This is recognised as the county with the highest achieved level of socio-economic development. A new methodological framework for deriving an iddp based on eight selected demographic variables has been proposed. The iddp was derived with GIS based on eight selected criteria using data from 2011 census results. The degree of demographic depression was divided into five classes: (A) distinctly depressed area, (B) less depressed area, (C) area at the edge of demographic depression, (D) vital area, and (E) distinctly vital area. The accuracy of the derived index was verified by analysing age-sex pyramids of the most depressed and vital settlements. The distinctly depressed demographic (A) is the predominant form of demographic settlement development in the six counties. These are areas that have been affected by rural exodus and depopulation, both of which were further intensified by the war from 1991 to 1995. Medjimurje County was categorised as a (D) vital area. However, of the 131 settlements in the county, 28 were identified as demographic-depressed and 72 as vital. More than half of these 72 settlements (42) have the characteristics of a distinctly vital area, which is the highest proportion among all counties. The most vital settlements were Parag, Kursanec, and Piskorovec. Their main feature is that a significant proportion of their population belongs to the Roma demographic. Derived population pyramids confirm the consistency of the generated index. Medjimurje County is characterised by high variability among results (from extremely depressed to extremely non-depressed spaces), which indicates the impossibility of adopting uniform measures and policies throughout the county. In the future, the identified vital settlements have the potential to become the county's primary demographic resource. The proposed classification of settlements according to the derived index (iddp) could serve as a useful instrument in designing development policies or measures for this specific administrative-territorial unit.

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