Development for whom? Tourism used as a social intervention for the development of indigenous/rural communities in natural protected areas

2017 ◽  
pp. 27-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerda Warnholtz ◽  
David Barkin
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 11566
Author(s):  
I. Sacristán ◽  
A. Cevidanes ◽  
F. Acuña ◽  
E. Aguilar ◽  
S. García ◽  
...  

The interaction between humans and small carnivores is a phenomenon especially frequent in rural fringes, as is the case of communities surrounding natural areas.  In Chile, two species of threatened carnivores, the Darwin’s Fox and the Guigna, have increased their contact with humans due to human-induced changes in their habitat. The objective of this study was to characterize the interactions of these species with humans by assessing human perceptions and attitudes toward them, and to assess livestock and poultry ownership and management practices in local communities to evaluate their possible roles in the phenomenon.  We conducted semi-structured interviews in rural communities adjacent to natural protected areas of two different regions in southern Chile.  We found that people have a more positive perception of Darwin’s Foxes than Guignas, but both species are considered damaging due to poultry attacks.  Livestock and poultry management was generally deficient. Improvements in animal management and education programs could lead to a significant decrease in negative interactions.  


2014 ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
Z. V. Karamysheva

The review contains detailed description of the «Atlas of especially protected natural areas of Saint Petersburg» published in 2013. This publication presents the results of long-term studies of 12 natural protected areas made by a large research team in the years from 2002 to 2013 (see References). The Atlas contains a large number of the historical maps, new satellite images, the original illustrations, detailed texts on the nature of protected areas, summary tables of rare species of vascular plants, fungi and vertebrates recorded in these areas. Special attention is paid to the principles of thematic large-scale mapping. The landscape maps, the vegetation maps as well as the maps of natural processes in landscapes are included. Reviewed Atlas deserves the highest praise.


Human Ecology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Alden Wily

AbstractI address a contentious element in forest property relations to illustrate the role of ownership in protecting and expanding of forest cover by examining the extent to which rural communities may legally own forests. The premise is that whilst state-owned protected areas have contributed enormously to forest survival, this has been insufficiently successful to justify the mass dispossession of customary land-owning communities this has entailed. Further, I argue that state co-option of community lands is unwarranted. Rural communities on all continents ably demonstrate the will and capacity to conserve forests – provided their customary ownership is legally recognized. I explore the property rights reforms now enabling this. The replication potential of community protected forestlands is great enough to deserve flagship status in global commitments to expand forest including in the upcoming new Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).


2021 ◽  
pp. 102035
Author(s):  
Eduardo Cejudo ◽  
Gilberto Acosta-González ◽  
Daniela Ortega-Camacho ◽  
Katherine Ventura-Sanchez

Author(s):  
José Irving Monjarás-barrera ◽  
Mario Rocandio-rodríguez ◽  
Cristina Domínguez-castro ◽  
Francisco Reyes-zepeda ◽  
Sandra Grisell Mora-ravelo ◽  
...  

Ecological interactions between mites (predatory and phytophagous) and wild plants growing in undisturbed environments play a crucial role to understand their natural settlement, development and dispersion patterns. Pequin chili pepper, Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum, is a low-cost natural resource for local communities living inside Natural Protected Areas (ANP) of Tamaulipas State in Mexico. The aims of this research work were: 1) determine the spatial distribution pattern of predatory and phytophagous mites, 2) determine the spatiotemporal association between predatory and phytophagous mites, and 3) determine the association among different mite species and some phenological stages of Pequin chili pepper. The most abundant phytophagous mites were Tetranychus merganser and Aculops lycpoersici, and the predatory species were Amblyseius similoides, Euseius mesembrinus and Metaseiulus (Metaseiulus) negundinis. Most mite species showed an aggregated distribution pattern according to the plant phenological stages. However, the distribution of mite species throughout time showed different types of aggregation. On the other hand, we found positive associations among A. lycopersici and T. merganser phytophagous mites with A. similoides, E. mesembrinus and M. (M.) negundinis predators mites. The association between plants and mite species were influenced by the phenological stages of Pequin chili pepper. This is an indication of the complexity among trophic-chain interactions that depend largely on the available resources and competition. These two factors serve as foundations for settlement, development and dispersion patterns of certain species.


2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
M. G. Rivera ◽  
P. Del Monte-Luna

La Investigación Evaluativa (IE) se originó en el siglo XVII, pero surgió como disciplina formal en la década de 1970. La IE consiste en la aplicación de métodos de las ciencias sociales a la evaluación de actividades humanas específicas. La IE puede ser de diseño experimental, cuasi-experimental o no-experimental y debe reunir 10 puntos básicos entre los que destacan, la planeación y evaluación. En México han existido esfuerzos por evaluar programas de desarrollo social desde 1917 y actualmente esta labor la realiza el Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política Social. A nivel nacional, la evaluación del desempeño para todos los programas públicos es obligatoria. La IE es indispensable en materia de administración de recursos naturales; sin embargo, los trabajos publicados sobre este tópico son escasos. Respecto a las Áreas Marinas Protegidas (AMP), consideradas como instrumento universal de conservación de ecosistemas, la evaluación de los programas para implementarlas se lleva a cabo a nivel internacional mediante diversas metodologías. La evaluación de AMP se aplica con la finalidad de mejorar su gestión y desempeño en cuanto al cumplimiento de metas y objetivos (manejo adaptativo). En México, la evaluación de las AMP está a cargo de la Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas (CONANP), pero los métodos para realizarla son poco eficientes y se carece de la capacidad técnica para hacer las evaluaciones. Para subsanar esta carencia, se requiere fortalecer la capacidad de evaluación dentro de la administración de las AMP con el apoyo de las organizaciones de la sociedad civil y el sector académico. La adecuada evaluación de las AMP en México permitirá practicar un verdadero manejo adaptativo, cumplimentar los objetivos de implementación y, sobre todo, una clara rendición de cuentas a la sociedad acerca de su eficiencia como instrumento de manejo de recursos naturales. A review on the evaluation research of protected marine areas in Mexico Evaluation Research (ER) has its origins in the XVII century but emerges as a formal discipline in 1970. ER consists on the application of techniques used in social sciences to evaluate specific human activities. The ER design may be experimental, quasi experimental or non-experimental and must contain at least 10 basic points where the planning and evaluation are particularly important. In Mexico there have been efforts to evaluate the programs of social development since 1917. Currently, this task is performed by the National Council for Social Policy Evaluation and the assessment of all social programs is compulsory. Regarding to the administration of natural resources, ER is essential; however, papers published on the subject are scarce. In order to improve the management of the Marine Protected Areas (MPA) and to assess the level on which the goals and objectives has been reached (Adaptive Management) the ER is applied to evaluate the implementation of MPAs using different methodologies. In Mexico, the National Commission of Natural Protected Areas is in charge of the evaluation of the MPAs; however, the methods used have proven little effective and lack of technical capacity. In the MPAs to do such assessments it is necessary to reinforce the evaluation capacity within the administration of MPA supported by civil organizations and academy. Proper assessment of MPAs in Mexico will allow the practice of a true adaptive management, to meet the implementation objectives and, above all, a clear accountability to the society on the effectiveness of MPA as a tool for natural resources management.


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