scholarly journals ESTADO DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN EVALUATIVA EN EL CASO DE LAS ÁREAS MARINAS PROTEGIDAS DE MÉXICO

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
M. G. Rivera ◽  
P. Del Monte-Luna
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
National Commission ◽  
National Council ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Sociedad Civil ◽  
Marine Areas

La Investigación Evaluativa (IE) se originó en el siglo XVII, pero surgió como disciplina formal en la década de 1970. La IE consiste en la aplicación de métodos de las ciencias sociales a la evaluación de actividades humanas específicas. La IE puede ser de diseño experimental, cuasi-experimental o no-experimental y debe reunir 10 puntos básicos entre los que destacan, la planeación y evaluación. En México han existido esfuerzos por evaluar programas de desarrollo social desde 1917 y actualmente esta labor la realiza el Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política Social. A nivel nacional, la evaluación del desempeño para todos los programas públicos es obligatoria. La IE es indispensable en materia de administración de recursos naturales; sin embargo, los trabajos publicados sobre este tópico son escasos. Respecto a las Áreas Marinas Protegidas (AMP), consideradas como instrumento universal de conservación de ecosistemas, la evaluación de los programas para implementarlas se lleva a cabo a nivel internacional mediante diversas metodologías. La evaluación de AMP se aplica con la finalidad de mejorar su gestión y desempeño en cuanto al cumplimiento de metas y objetivos (manejo adaptativo). En México, la evaluación de las AMP está a cargo de la Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas (CONANP), pero los métodos para realizarla son poco eficientes y se carece de la capacidad técnica para hacer las evaluaciones. Para subsanar esta carencia, se requiere fortalecer la capacidad de evaluación dentro de la administración de las AMP con el apoyo de las organizaciones de la sociedad civil y el sector académico. La adecuada evaluación de las AMP en México permitirá practicar un verdadero manejo adaptativo, cumplimentar los objetivos de implementación y, sobre todo, una clara rendición de cuentas a la sociedad acerca de su eficiencia como instrumento de manejo de recursos naturales. A review on the evaluation research of protected marine areas in Mexico Evaluation Research (ER) has its origins in the XVII century but emerges as a formal discipline in 1970. ER consists on the application of techniques used in social sciences to evaluate specific human activities. The ER design may be experimental, quasi experimental or non-experimental and must contain at least 10 basic points where the planning and evaluation are particularly important. In Mexico there have been efforts to evaluate the programs of social development since 1917. Currently, this task is performed by the National Council for Social Policy Evaluation and the assessment of all social programs is compulsory. Regarding to the administration of natural resources, ER is essential; however, papers published on the subject are scarce. In order to improve the management of the Marine Protected Areas (MPA) and to assess the level on which the goals and objectives has been reached (Adaptive Management) the ER is applied to evaluate the implementation of MPAs using different methodologies. In Mexico, the National Commission of Natural Protected Areas is in charge of the evaluation of the MPAs; however, the methods used have proven little effective and lack of technical capacity. In the MPAs to do such assessments it is necessary to reinforce the evaluation capacity within the administration of MPA supported by civil organizations and academy. Proper assessment of MPAs in Mexico will allow the practice of a true adaptive management, to meet the implementation objectives and, above all, a clear accountability to the society on the effectiveness of MPA as a tool for natural resources management.

Benefits and costs of illegal grazing and hunting in the Serengeti ecosystem

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. NYAHONGO ◽  
M.L. EAST ◽  
F.A. MTURI ◽  
H. HOFER
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Travel Costs ◽  
Serengeti Ecosystem ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Herbivore Density ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Two forms of natural resource use (meat hunting and livestock grazing) were investigated at three sites in the western region of the Serengeti ecosystem, Tanzania. Statutory management of natural resources in this region was designated as National Park, Game Reserve or village council. A quasi-experimental design examined factors likely to alter the cost and benefit of illegal use by ranking areas within sites in relation to these factors. Factors likely to alter costs were the chance of arrest, determined by the presence or absence of guard posts, and the distance travelled to the site of exploitation. As all sites experienced large fluctuations in the density of migratory herbivores, it was assumed that the benefit acquired from hunting increased with wild herbivore density. Marked seasonal changes in precipitation were considered likely to alter the value of forage and water to livestock owners. Hunting effort (density of snares) increased as the density of wild herbivores increased. The distribution of hunting effort across sites was more consistent with the prediction that high travel costs were more likely to curtail hunting than a high potential cost of arrest. Unlike hunters, livestock owners mostly avoided the use of resources in protected areas probably because of the high potential cost of arrest and confiscation of stock. Natural resources within protected areas were exploited when benefits outweighed likely costs.

scholarly journals Application of DMAIC Process Improvement Methodology as an Instrument for Integrated Water Resources Management in Protected Areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-62
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Integrated Water Resources Management ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Natural Protected Areas

A significant part of the Sochi resort region is included into the unique natural protected areas, such as the Caucasus biosphere reserve and Sochi National Park. Development of the regional economy is largely dependent on the natural geo/bio/cenoses management effectiveness on the protected territories. Monitoring of the water resources status and their management is of the particular importance, since the biodiversity of the aquatic environment and the terrestrial flora and fauna of the area dependent on these factors, as well as ensuring the citizen’s requirements and rights. However, presently no one of the existing water environment state assessment methods is able to account various and complex natural communities’ responses to different stress factors and their combined impact.The article presents the world experience on concept of the Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) application and development of the some aspect of the comprehensive natural resources regulation methodology. The authors believe that some elements of environmental management practiced in national parks and reserves of the republic of South Africa can be applicable in development of a system that provides consistent monitoring of environmental quality, the mastering of a sufficient and user-friendly database, based on a set of measures for the conservation and restoration of natural resources One of the most significant watercourses of the protected nature territories of the South of Russia, the Mzymta River has been used as a study case

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF RESEARCH GROUPS ON NATURAL PROTECTED AREAS AND THEIR PUBLIC USE IN BRAZIL

CERNE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Rachel Vitorino ◽  
Vinícius do Couto Carvalho ◽  
Marco Aurélio Leite Fontes ◽  
Andréa de Oliveira Barra ◽  
José Aldo Alves Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
National Council ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
The Public ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
New Research

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to assess the contribution of the Brazilian scientific community to knowledge generation concerning Brazilian protected areas and to identify research groups focused on the public use of such areas. A systematic search was performed in the database of the Research Groups Directory of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), an organization under the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação). The search yielded 177 research groups on protected areas, formed by 3872 members, including researchers, undergraduate students, graduate students, and technicians from different areas of scientific knowledge distributed across the country. However, the research groups were concentrated in the southeast and south of Brazil. They were mainly linked to federal educational institutions, and they had a strong academic background and considerable scientific production. However, few groups study the public use of protected areas; thus, there is space for new research in this area. Based on the results, government incentives for the formation of research groups in the less represented regions to study the public use of protected areas and for the adoption of strategies to disseminate knowledge produced beyond academia are recommended.

(A review) Atlas of especially protected natural areas of Saint Petersburg / Ed. in chief V. N. Khramtsov, T. V. Kovaleva, N. Yu. Natsvaladze. St. Petersburg, 2013. 176 p.

2014 ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
Z. V. Karamysheva
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Original Illustrations ◽  
Vegetation Maps ◽  
Protected Natural Areas

The review contains detailed description of the «Atlas of especially protected natural areas of Saint Petersburg» published in 2013. This publication presents the results of long-term studies of 12 natural protected areas made by a large research team in the years from 2002 to 2013 (see References). The Atlas contains a large number of the historical maps, new satellite images, the original illustrations, detailed texts on the nature of protected areas, summary tables of rare species of vascular plants, fungi and vertebrates recorded in these areas. Special attention is paid to the principles of thematic large-scale mapping. The landscape maps, the vegetation maps as well as the maps of natural processes in landscapes are included. Reviewed Atlas deserves the highest praise.

Assessment of recreational use of specially protected natural territories of Tatishchevsky district of Saratov region

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Yulia M Andriyanova ◽  
Irina V Sergeeva ◽  
Yulia M Mokhonko ◽  
Natalia N Gusakova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Saratov Region ◽  
Future State ◽  
Forest Phytocenoses ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Main Components ◽  
First Time ◽  
Recreational Use ◽  
Specially Protected Natural Territories

The influence of recreation being a set of measures to restore health and recreation, on the main components of forest phytocenoses in specially protected natural territories of the Tatishchevsky district of the Saratov region has been studied for the first time. These phytocenoses have been intensively used for tourism for a long time. The intensity and visits activity of protected areas has been determined; the recreational capacity of territorial objects has been studied. The degree of forest landscapes has been revealed in specially protected natural territories. The findings allow predicting the future state of the natural resources of the Saratov region and can be taken into account when assessing their optimal use.

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