From juvie to jail: gendered risk and protective factors for adult incarceration among high- risk institutionalized boys and girls in the Netherlands

2015 ◽  
pp. 27-47
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors

Adolescent Risk Behavior in Italy and The Netherlands

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Ciairano ◽  
Wendy Kliewer ◽  
Emanuela Rabaglietti
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Adolescent Risk Behavior ◽  
Adolescent Risk ◽  
Risk Vulnerability ◽  
Peer Models ◽  
Risk Protection

Jessor et al.’s (2003) model of relationships among protective factors (models protection, controls protection, support protection), risk factors (models risk, opportunity risk, vulnerability risk), and adolescent risk behavior (delinquency, problem drinking, marijuana use, tobacco use, sexual activity) was investigated in adolescent samples of both genders from Italy (n = 488, M age = 17 years) and the Netherlands (n = 480, M age = 17 years). After accounting for sociodemographic variables, risk and protective factors and their interactions accounted for 46–52% of additional variation in risk behavior. Although levels of risk, protection, and risk behavior differed by country and by sex, the association of risk and protective factors with risk behavior was similar for Italian and Dutch youth and for boys and girls. Controls protection (e.g., intolerance of deviancy, parental control and disapproval, friends’ disapproval) and models of risk (family and peer models of risk behavior) had the strongest associations with adjustment. Additionally, controls protection moderated the influence of models risk among the Italians while support protection buffered vulnerability risk among the Dutch. These data support the utility of the explanatory model in these national contexts.

scholarly journals Self-Harm and Suicide Attempts among High-Risk, Urban Youth in the U.S.: Shared and Unique Risk and Protective Factors

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica H. Swahn ◽  
Bina Ali ◽  
Robert M. Bossarte ◽  
Manfred Van Dulmen ◽  
Alex Crosby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Urban Youth ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Aesthetic Sports as High-Risk Contexts for Eating Disorders — Young Elite Dancers and Gymnasts Perspectives

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Francisco ◽  
Madalena Alarcão ◽  
Isabel Narciso
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Analysis Procedure ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Professional Dance

This is the first study developed in Portugal which investigates specific characteristics of dance and gymnastics environments that make them high-risk contexts for the development of eating disorders. Four focus groups were conducted with thirteen ballet students from a professional dance school and nine gymnasts from a gymnastics club (aged 12 to 17 years old), which were subjected to an inductive-deductive analysis procedure. Specific risk and protective factors were identified. Among their respective sources of influence, teachers and coaches are those who exert a stronger influence upon young athletes. We also explored some themes related to the influence of peers, parents, and environmental characteristics, which could have an important role on the development or prevention of disordered eating.

Risk and protective factors for autonomy-supportive and controlling parenting in high-risk families

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 18-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Harvey ◽  
Célia Matte-Gagné ◽  
Dale M. Stack ◽  
Lisa A. Serbin ◽  
Jane E. Ledingham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Controlling Parenting ◽  
High Risk Families

scholarly journals Purpose in Life and Conscientiousness Protect Against the Development of Suicidal Ideation in U.S. Military Veterans With PTSD and MDD: Results From the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 247054701987217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Straus ◽  
Sonya B. Norman ◽  
Jessica C. Tripp ◽  
Michelle Pitts ◽  
Robert H. Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
National Health ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Self Report ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Factors Associated

Background Although several studies have examined risk factors for suicidal ideation among veterans, little is known about risk and protective factors for suicidal ideation in high-risk veteran samples. Thus, this study examined a broad range of risk and protective factors associated with the development of suicidal ideation in a high-risk sample of U.S. veterans who screened positive for current posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and/or major depressive disorder (MDD) . Methods Data were analyzed from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study, a nationally representative, prospective cohort study of U.S. veterans. Veterans completed self-report measures to screen for PTSD and MDD and to assess for risk and protective factors. The sample included 222 veterans with PTSD and/or MDD who did not endorse suicidal ideation at baseline and completed at least one assessment over a seven-year follow-up period. A multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine baseline factors associated with incident suicidal ideation. Results Nearly one in three (27.1%) of veterans with PTSD and/or MDD developed suicidal ideation over the seven-year follow-up period. Non-Caucasian race and lower scores on measures of purpose in life, conscientiousness, and frequency of religious service attendance were independently associated with incident suicidal ideation. Lower purpose in life (52.3%) and conscientiousness (33.2%) explained the vast majority of variance in incident suicidal ideation. Conclusion Nearly 30% of veterans with PTSD and/or MDD who did not endorse suicidal ideation at baseline developed suicidal ideation over a seven-year period. Prevention and treatment efforts designed to bolster purpose in life and conscientiousness may help mitigate risk for suicidal ideation in this high-risk population.

scholarly journals M136. PSYCHOSIS POLYRISK SCORE (PPS): IMPROVING DETECTION OF INDIVIDUALS AT-RISK AND PREDICTION OF CLINICAL OUTCOMES

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S187-S187
Author(s):  
Dominic Oliver ◽  
Giulia Spada ◽  
Joaquim Radua ◽  
Philip McGuire ◽  
Paolo Fusar-Poli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Psychosis Risk

Abstract Background Primary prevention in Clinical High Risk for psychosis (CHR-P) can ameliorate the course of psychotic disorders. Further advancements of knowledge have been slowed by the standstill of the field, which is mostly attributed to its epidemiological weakness. This underlies the limited identification power for at-risk individuals and the relatively modest ability of CHR-P interviews to rule-in a state of risk for psychosis. One potential avenue for improving identification of individuals at risk for psychosis is a Psychosis Polyrisk Score (PPS) integrating genetic and non-genetic risk and protective factors for psychosis. The PPS hinges on recent findings that risk enrichment in CHR-P samples is accounted for by the accumulation of non-genetic factors e.g. parental and sociodemographic risk factors, perinatal risk factors, later risk factors, and antecedents. Methods A prototype of the PPS has been developed encompassing 26 non-genetic risk and protective factors, utilising Relative Risks (RR) from an umbrella review of risk and protective factors for psychosis onset in the general population. This was combined with prevalence data to ensure positive scores indicated increased psychosis risk and negative scores indicated decreased psychosis risk. To pilot this, patients referred for a CHR-P assessment (n=15) and healthy controls (n=66) were recruited and assessed with the PPS. Additionally, to investigate the range and distribution of these scores in the general population, 10,000,000 permutations were run utilising prevalence data to produce a simulated dataset. Results In the simulated general population data, scores ranged from -15 (least risk, equivalent RR = 0.03) to 39.5 (highest risk, RR = 8912.51). 50% of individuals had an RR < 1 (PPS < 0), 26.7% of individuals had an RR > 3 (PPS > 5), and 2.7% RR > 30 (PPS > 15). Patients referred for a CHR-P assessment had higher PPS scores (median=9, IQR=12.75) than healthy controls (median=-1.75, IQR=8.875). PPS scores in the simulated general population dataset (median=0, IQR=9.5) were similarly lower than patients. Discussion The PPS has potential for improving identification of individuals at risk for psychosis. Its distribution in a simulated general population is reflective of expected psychosis risk, with the vast majority of people not being at-risk and very few being at high risk. In addition to supplementing current assessments for CHR-P, this could be implemented at an earlier stage to stratify individuals based on psychosis risk and inform prognoses and clinical decision-making. This promise warrants further research to ascertain its prognostic accuracy and optimal thresholds for clinical intervention.

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