Kolaborasi Pemerintah dan Masyarakat Sipil Merespon Covid-19 di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Melalui Pendekatan Crisis Visualizations

This research discusses the collaboration of the Yogyakarta Special Region government (DIY) and civil society in responding to Covid-19. This study analyzes the collaboration between the two by applying the crisis visualizations approach. Crisis visualization is a concept that describes visual crisis information, which aims to assist the public in mitigating risks and emergencies, as well as helping institutions and authorities in overcoming threats. In creating a visualization of the Covid-19 crisis, there are six techniques or forms, namely: crisis information in the form of temporal and geospatial visualizations (crisis maps); forecast trends and influences; the nature of the crisis; risk mitigation guidelines; visualization of risk, vulnerability and equity information; and measure the multi-effect impact of the crisis. The collaboration between the DIY government and civil society will be reviewed from the six techniques or forms of visualizing the Covid-19 crisis. This study uses a qualitative method. Data collection using interview techniques, literature study, and from internet sources. This study found that the collaboration between DIY government and civil society in crisis visualization does not occur directly. This research found that the making of visual crisis communication was managed only by the government. Community involvement occurs in the collection of raw data in the field to be conveyed to the government. This study found that the collaboration with civil society was built on the educational aspect, informal coordination which tended to be bottom-up approach, and promotion through the mass media.

Caregiver Challenges of Older University Employees During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has created numerous challenges for older employees who are also caregivers. Some challenges are associated with disruptions in community-based support services leading to the intensification of caregiver responsibilities. Other challenges are related to caregivers’ concerns about their health or the risk of bringing the virus to the care recipient. This study investigated the impacts of those challenges on older (age 55+) working caregivers, from a major university, with a sample that included 57 male and 80 female caregivers. The investigation explored the association of gender and perception of COVID risk, vulnerability, loneliness, resilience, and interpersonal change. Although literature suggests that female caregivers report more risk-perception, stress, and overburden than male caregivers, our findings showed no significant differences based on gender. These findings suggest the importance of understanding that both male and female older working caregivers have been affected by stress and overburden due to the recent pandemic.

CLIMATE RISK VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OF THE MAJOR CROPS IN THE PROVINCE OF AGUSAN DEL NORTE, PHILIPPINES

Assessing an area's vulnerability can serve as an effective planning tool to increase resilience to climate-related hazards. This paper provides information on the most vulnerable municipalities to climate change impacts in the province of Agusan del Norte, Philippines. The assessment included in the geospatial analysis were physical, agro-ecological, and socio-economic indicators clustered under the components of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Using MaxEnt, modelling the suitability of crops due to changes in temperature and precipitation by the year 2050 determines the crops' sensitivity. A combination of natural hazards datasets was used to estimate the extent of exposure to each municipality within the province under pressure from climate and hydro-meteorological risks. An up-to-date database from the concerned local government units for adaptive capacity indicators was clustered into seven capitals: economic, natural, human, physical, social, anticipatory, and institutional. The total CRV model for rice, corn, and banana crops revealed that the municipalities identified as highly vulnerable due to their high exposure to climate hazards, the decreasing crops' suitability to climate variability, and low adaptive capacity.

Clothing the Emperor: Supporting National Climate Change Action in Ireland Through Local Governance Networks

The Irish Government has set out policies and a governance framework for implementing action on climate change. However, the potential for local governance architecture to support this process has perhaps been overlooked. This chapter explores how this architecture is not an obstacle in implementing change, but a potential asset, and how it could be mobilised and enticed to deliver a lot more on climate action, sustainable development and disaster risk reduction (DRR). The coastal town of Youghal in County Cork provides an Irish case study through which the value of local governance for climate action is expounded. The chapter also recommends further research to consider the potential for local focus groups to seek sustainable pathways. The ‘sustainable pathways’ concept encourages broad input into decision points that support the selection of sustainable future trajectories, based on an understanding of risk, vulnerability and opportunity.

Construcción social del desastre detonado por el sismo 19S en las alcaldías Tláhuac y Xochimilco, Ciudad de México / / / \ \ \ Social Construction of Disaster Triggered by the 19S Earthquake in the Municipalities of Tláhuac y Xochimilco, Mexico City

Resumen: El Sismo 19S detonó un desastre en la CDMX; miles de viviendas en las alcaldías Tláhuac y Xochimilco presentaron daños. El objetivo de este texto es comprender las causas antrópicas del desastre mediante el análisis de estudios académicos, informes oficiales, variables espaciales y observación en campo. La investigación permitió vislumbrar la incidencia de causas sociales en el desastre: la expansión urbana de la Ciudad sobre el suelo de conservación ecológica, los cambios de uso de suelo de agrícola y forestal a urbano, el crecimiento de asentamientos irregulares y vivienda precaria, el incumplimiento de reglamentos de construcción y la sobreexplotación de agua subterránea en el sureste de la cuenca de México; todo esto derivado de políticas habitacionales, de gestión del agua y suelo. La importancia del estudio radica en que pone de manifiesto la necesidad de impulsar una política de mitigación y prevención de desastres vinculada al modelo de desarrollo. Palabras clave: riesgo, vulnerabilidad, amenaza, desarrollo, vivienda. Abstract: The 19S earthquake triggered a disaster in the CDMX; thousands of homes in the Tláhuac and Xochimilco municipalities were damaged. The objective of this text is to understand the anthropogenic causes of the disaster through the analysis of academic studies, official reports, spatial variables and field observation. The research provided a glimpse of the incidence of social causes in the disaster: the urban expansion of the city on ecological conservation land, changes in land use from agricultural and forestry to urban, the growth of irregular settlements and precarious housing, non-compliance with building regulations and overexploitation of groundwater in the southeast of the Mexico basin. All this derived from housing, water, and land management policies. The importance of the study lies in the fact that it highlights the need to promote a disaster mitigation and prevention policy linked to the development model. Key words: risk, vulnerability, hazard, development, housing.

Reversing the Psychiatric Effects of Neurodevelopmental Cannabinoid Exposure: Exploring Pharmacotherapeutic Interventions for Symptom Improvement

Neurodevelopmental exposure to psychoactive compounds in cannabis, specifically THC, is associated with a variety of long-term psychopathological outcomes. This increased risk includes a higher prevalence of schizophrenia, mood and anxiety disorders, and cognitive impairments. Clinical and pre-clinical research continues to identify a wide array of underlying neuropathophysiological sequelae and mechanisms that may underlie THC-related psychiatric risk vulnerability, particularly following adolescent cannabis exposure. A common theme among these studies is the ability of developmental THC exposure to induce long-term adaptations in the mesocorticolimbic system which resemble pathological endophenotypes associated with these disorders. This narrative review will summarize recent clinical and pre-clinical evidence that has elucidated these THC-induced developmental risk factors and examine how specific pharmacotherapeutic interventions may serve to reverse or perhaps prevent these cannabis-related risk outcomes.