Flaws and Advantages of the Polish Local Self-Government in the 21st Century: Social Consultations at the Local Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-37
Author(s):  
Edyta Sokalska
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Exchange Of Information ◽  
Local Problems ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Administrative Units

The purpose of the article is to present the Polish empire concerning the creation and development of local self-government in the post-communist political regime, and the development of some modern forms of social consultations, particularly at the local level. In many administrative units, it might be observed that the bonds between local societies and local authorities have been strengthened during the last years. Polish local self-governmental bodies develop some new forms and tools of communication. They provide municipalities with the freedom of participation in a decision-making process, and they give the opportunity to faster exchange of information and answers to the local problems.

The Bounded Politics of School Desegregation Litigation

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kirp
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
School Desegregation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Trial Courts ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Brown Decision ◽  
Contemporary School

The courts, a dominant force in the creation of school desegregation policy, are commonly perceived as making decisions primarily legalistic in nature. In this article, David Kirp examines the evolution of Supreme Court doctrine since the Brown decision in 1954; the progression of specific desegregation cases through the trial courts; and the interchange between political institutions and the courts at the local level. His analysis reveals that the decision-making process in contemporary school desegregation cases is both a political and a constitutional event.

Criminal Justice under Shari'ah in the 21st Century—An Inter-Cultural View

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hedayati-Kakhki ◽  
Michael Bohlander
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Law

AbstractThis paper tries to analyse some of the basic issues arising in the conversation between legal systems based on Shari'ah and those based on secular traditions, as well as the efforts of the law-makers in the former to adapt to changed expectations in modern society. The argument focuses on the area of criminal law and highlights concepts such as hudud crimes, apostasy and al-diyah. The authors advocate an increased dialogue and ultimately the creation of a Centre of Global Ijmā' as a forum in which Islamic and other legal scholars could meet to discuss their respective approaches to legal issues of global interest in order to avoid unnecessary ideological clashes and to provide a base for global policymakers to draw upon in their decision-making process.

“Delegation and Then Intervention”: The 2009 Decision to Create the New Rural Pension

2017 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 64-84
Author(s):  
Eun Kyong Choi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Rural Elderly ◽  
Bureaucratic Politics ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Policy Initiative ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
The Creation

AbstractThis article reviews the decision-making process behind the creation of a new rural pension between the early 2000s and 2009. It finds that although policymaking was initially delegated to the bureaucratic level and hence involved a protracted bureaucratic struggle, the issue was resolved by a fiat imposed by top leaders rather than by bureaucratic compromise as a bureaucratic politics model would suggest. I call this policymaking process “delegation and then intervention.” Although the Ministry of Labour and Social Security (MOLSS) persistently argued in favour of creating the new rural pension, the Ministry of Finance obstinately objected to it. This study finds that when bureaucratic organizations are in conflict because of their core beliefs, rather than resource allocation, they are less likely to reach a consensus. Faced with a prolonged bureaucratic deadlock, top leaders decided in favour of the MOLSS policy initiative, thereby adopting a progressive measure that would provide a completely subsidized basic pension for the rural elderly.

scholarly journals ‘Between a Rock and a Hard Place’: The Implications of Lost Autonomy and Trust for Professionals at Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 648-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Sampson ◽  
Nelson Turgo ◽  
Iris Acejo ◽  
Neil Ellis ◽  
Lijun Tang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Hard Place

This article describes changes associated with increased bureaucratisation and surveillance in the regulation and management of the 21st century shipping industry. Drawing upon 303 ‘real-life’ vignette-based interviews, it describes how these transformations are experienced by contemporary navigating officers, and engineers, working on commercial cargo vessels. The article draws attention to the dysfunctional effects of distrust in organisations, describing how lost trust and associated fears impact on the decision-making process of officers thereby inducing a degree of organisational paralysis. This finding may be of particular significance to employers who have introduced punishment-centred bureaucratisation in order to improve organisational efficiency and who are concurrently undermining it.

Rooting a new event in its place: the case of Festa Templária, Tomar, Portugal

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermínia Sol ◽  
Marisa P. de Brito ◽  
João Pinto Coelho ◽  
Luís Mota Figueira ◽  
Christopher Pratt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The City ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose With fierce competition in capturing tourists, it is crucial that destinations be prepared to adapt and to refresh their event portfolio. The purpose of this paper is to look into the decision-making process that led to the development of a new festival in a middle-sized city, Tomar, in Portugal. Design/methodology/approach This study analyses the creation process of the Knights Templar Festival, in Tomar, a new event focusing on the Templar history of the city. A retrospective outlook on the evolution of the event is given. Primary data were collected via quantitative survey analysis and semi-structured interviews. The theoretical scope is events and placemaking. Findings The strengths and weaknesses of the region influenced the conception and setting up of this particular event. This awareness is important for cities in meeting the challenges and opportunities that event portfolio diversification calls for. Research limitations/implications This paper helps us to understand the motives and challenges in establishing a new event in the city, through the analysis of a single case study of a European middle-sized city. Simultaneously, it is a longitudinal in-depth case of the first editions of a new historically focused event. Practical implications Several practical implications can be derived to the case of Tomar. Overall, it is key that cities align the focus of new events with the city’s identity (as Tomar did). Originality/value This paper presents an in-depth and longitudinal case study, from the moment of the creation of a new event to its fourth edition, mapping the decision-making process, highlighting the learning curve of the decision makers.

scholarly journals PATRIMONIO PLÁSTICO: A DECISION-MAKING PROCESS FOR THE RE-USE OF AN INDUSTRIAL ARCHITECTURE IN MONTEVIDEO

Detritus ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Sabrina Sacco ◽  
Maria Cerreta
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Project Proposal ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Industrial Architecture ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The University ◽  
Plastic Containers

This contribution refers to a research carried out between the Departments of Architecture of the University of Naples Federico II and the University of the Republic in Montevideo. The research focuses on the theme of re-use as a practice able to trigger synergistic mechanisms between different entities and identities of the urban fabric. At the centre is Patrimonio Plástico, a decision-making process for the re-use of an industrial architecture dealing with the recycling of waste and materials, such as plastic, containers, and abandoned spaces of the city. The multidisciplinary and multiscalar decision-making process translates into actions some objectives of the Agenda 2030 SDGs at a global level and the objectives expressed by the various social groups interviewed at the local level in order to identify the preferable project proposal whose it has been assessed the economic, social and environmental sustainability.

scholarly journals La participation des citoyens aux choix énergétiques généraux

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-794
Author(s):  
Gérard Camilleri
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Members Of Parliament ◽  
The People ◽  
Nuclear Policy ◽  
Political Expediency ◽  
Policy Statements

Many citizens have been alarmed by the development of nuclear facilities, especially when the proposed site for a nuclear plant is located in their neibourghood or region. Parliamentary democracy is not particularly appropriate as a means of channeling citizens' apprehensions and commrnyd. Legislative power is delegated every four years or so to elected members of Parliament. Meanwhile, citizens have no say in the business of the State. The administration is even more remote since administrations of government departments, boards and corporations are not elected and parliamentary control is often weak and sometimes non-existent. The frustration of citizens and groups is therefore exacerbated by the lack of access to the decision-making process. Exasperation sometimes leads to violent demonstrations and acts of terrorism. To counter this feeling ofpowerlessness, governments have developed some means of positive participation. Firstly, channels of information have been opened so that rumours can be replaced by facts and objective policy statements. This requires from the Administration that its proposals be fully justified and that preliminary work has been made. Secondly, the development of public inquiries gives interested persons and groups the feeling they are integrated in the decision making process instead of being left outside in the dark. Parliamentary control can be updated to allow for national debates on nuclear policy and its implementation. Finally, the use of the referendum technique at the national, regional or local level would give back to the people their freedom of expression on such issues. The examples set by Austria and Sweden are particularly interesting in this respect. However, the equilibrium between the requirements of democracy and political expediency still remains very hard to find.

Outsourcing and Escalation Issues in VLITPs

2009 ◽  
pp. 172-187
Author(s):  
Matthew Guah
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Popular Belief ◽  
Full Cost ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
Host Organization

VLITP escalation has been documented to be a widespread phenomenon in the 21st century. Nearly every research in this area has portrayed escalation as an irrational decision-making process whereby additional resources are plowed into a failing project. This chapter examines the possibility that some of these escalation issues could be appropriately managed by avoiding irrational actions and rationally responding to various situations that may occur in a VLITP. Later on in the chapter, the author disperses popular belief that VLITP outsourcing is in the nature of partnership and strategic alliances. It exposes that VLITP outsourcing vendors do not share the same profit motives as the host organization who is meant to enjoy the benefits of the VLITP and therefore baring the full cost of the implementation. It further suggests that a tight contract is the only mechanism to ensure that expectations of the host organization are met. Host organizations must negotiate and agree that the contract contains a number key issues including a successful outsourcing relationship between the host organization and the outsourcing vendor.

Local Administration in Zaïre and Underdevelopment

1977 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Gould
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Research Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Work In Progress

This article is an exploratory attempt to understand the state of underdevelopment in contemporary Zaïre through a study of bureaucratic decision-making process at the local level. It is based on a series of investigations which the author and a group of colleagues carried out in 13 zones in Shaba Region during 1975 and 1976, but our reflections have evolved considerably since then and, to a large extent, have outstripped the reach of the research data, so that the present article should be considered as a report on work-in-progress.

scholarly journals Current problems of civil participation in the implementation of local government in Russia

Upravlenie ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
S. S. Hamidov
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
High Level ◽  
Civil Participation

The main problems of the modern institution of civil participation in the implementation of local government in Russia have been analyzed in the article. Modern effective tools and processes, in the context of “civil participation” have been described. A number of issues and problems of formation of the institute of local government has been considered The democratic nature of the local government implies, the principle of transparency of the decisionmaking system at the local level and high level of trust of the population to local governments. Based on the study of processes, taking place in the country, as well as the analysis of scientific literature on civil pariticpation issue, the author highlights the factors, influencing the level of public confidence in the activities of local governments and the decision-making process by actors in the process of interaction between the authorities and society, in terms of ensuring the democratic nature of the local power.The aim of the analysis of the process of building the system of local government, under which social activity and civil participation in the implementation of the local government requires an interdisciplinary approach - to develop effective solutions and technologies of work with citizens, local authorities, that will lead to increased transparency in decision-making and enhance public confidence in the local authorities. In consideration, that developed institute of civil participation is a complex institution, which is an indicator of the democratic principle of organization of power, at the same time requiring a more thorough analysis of the type of relationship the actor process of interaction of authorities and society and their objectives, the author puts forward several theories, whereby you can ensure the effectiveness of the process of “participation”, in the context of mainstreaming, as described by the author.In the same way modern and effective tools and techniques have been described in the article, the application of which, according to the author, will lead to greater transparency in the work of local government authorities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document