scholarly journals La participation des citoyens aux choix énergétiques généraux

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-794
Author(s):  
Gérard Camilleri
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Members Of Parliament ◽  
The People ◽  
Nuclear Policy ◽  
Political Expediency ◽  
Policy Statements

Many citizens have been alarmed by the development of nuclear facilities, especially when the proposed site for a nuclear plant is located in their neibourghood or region. Parliamentary democracy is not particularly appropriate as a means of channeling citizens' apprehensions and commrnyd. Legislative power is delegated every four years or so to elected members of Parliament. Meanwhile, citizens have no say in the business of the State. The administration is even more remote since administrations of government departments, boards and corporations are not elected and parliamentary control is often weak and sometimes non-existent. The frustration of citizens and groups is therefore exacerbated by the lack of access to the decision-making process. Exasperation sometimes leads to violent demonstrations and acts of terrorism. To counter this feeling ofpowerlessness, governments have developed some means of positive participation. Firstly, channels of information have been opened so that rumours can be replaced by facts and objective policy statements. This requires from the Administration that its proposals be fully justified and that preliminary work has been made. Secondly, the development of public inquiries gives interested persons and groups the feeling they are integrated in the decision making process instead of being left outside in the dark. Parliamentary control can be updated to allow for national debates on nuclear policy and its implementation. Finally, the use of the referendum technique at the national, regional or local level would give back to the people their freedom of expression on such issues. The examples set by Austria and Sweden are particularly interesting in this respect. However, the equilibrium between the requirements of democracy and political expediency still remains very hard to find.

To Investigate the Critical Influencing Factors for Decision Making Process of Students Who Want to Study Abroad

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (11) ◽  
pp. 619-624
Author(s):  
JueJueMyint Toe ◽  
Ali Abdulbaqi Ameen ◽  
Sui Reng Liana ◽  
Amiya Bhaumik
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Study Abroad ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
International Level ◽  
Continuing Higher Education ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
The People ◽  
Study Overseas

Myanmar is the developing country and its education system is not yet to international level. Hence, most of the young adults, who like to upgrade their knowledge global wide and to gain international recognized higher educational certificates, choose to study overseas rather than continuing higher education after their high education nowadays, that becomes the trend of young people to study overseas since the competency among the people is getting intense based on the education level in every industry. The purpose of this research is to understand that students’ decision making process of selecting university. The study will be conducted to see clear trend of Myanmar students’ decision making of studying in abroad. This research will cover the context of what is Myanmar students’ perception of abroad, how they consider among other countries and explaining those factors which determine Myanmar students’ choice and how they decide to study abroad.

Territorial Changes to Municipalities and Inter-Municipal Cooperation: A Comparative Overview and Orientations for Slovenia

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iztok Rakar ◽  
Bojan Tičar ◽  
Maja Klun
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Democratic Legitimacy ◽  
Local Democracy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Public Decision

Local self-government has faced a number of challenges over the past decade. The financial crisis has revealed new dimensions of the eternal question of financing self-governing local communities, while distrust and a lack of interest in participation in local democracy among the people have led to considerations of different approaches to public decision-making concerning local issues. A comparative overview shows that the question of the “perfect size” of municipalities is currently very relevant and aimed at finding dimensions that would enable the municipality to ensure both local-level democracy and identity and economic efficiency in the delivery of public services. The most popular tool for achieving this goal is the merger of municipalities, although other approaches also exist, including various forms of inter-municipal cooperation. Some forms of inter-municipal cooperation have already taken firm hold in Slovenia, although the question of the potential impacts of alternative forms of inter-municipal cooperation on the democratic legitimacy of decision-making processes and the potential of these processes for the developmental breakthrough of Slovenian municipalities has yet to receive adequate attention.

Role of Traditional Institutions in Governance ‐ Experience from Karbi Anglong, Assam

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaka Sarmah ◽  
Chucheng Fa Gogoi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Local Structures ◽  
The People ◽  
Democratic Principle ◽  
Traditional Institutions ◽  
Economic Assets ◽  
Common Understanding ◽  
Made In

Governance today is of paramount apprehension for any state. Concern for governance therefore reveals new areas of articulation for a state and the people living within its jurisdiction. For many, governance refers to certain conditions necessary for a state through which it can exercise power in managing the nation's social and economic assets and also becomes the precondition for realizing democratic ideals. Though the notion of governance is different for different people, one common understanding of it is the decision making process as well as the process of implementation of those decisions. This process also identifies involvement of different structures from different walks of life, signifying both the formal as well as informal actors. In this background, the traditional institutions of a society also have their appeal for involvement of local structures in the issues of governance. The traditional institutions of Karbi Anglong also entails such appeals, because of its involvement in civil, socio-economic and religious jurisdiction of the local interests. Therefore the participation of people through such institutions has been recognized as a process of grass rooting the democratic principle of governance in its most popular form as mentioned above. In this paper an attempt is made in recognizing the effect of the traditional institutions in Karbi Anglong more specifically among the Karbi Tribes.

Dalit Participation in Total Sanitation Campaign with Special Reference to Satara District in Maharashtra

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-170
Author(s):  
Pravin Jamdade ◽  
Suresh Jungari ◽  
Mahesh Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Awareness Campaign ◽  
The People ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Dalit Women

Development cannot be achieved without the participation of people from all segments of society. It is a process that requires collective action for social transformation or social change in the socio-economic and political lives of the people. The Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) is one of the major programmes in India to promote sanitation and hygiene. The article is an attempt made to understanding the Dalit population’s participation in the total sanitation programme. The field visits in six villages reveal that illiterate 20 per cent respondents did not participate in the decision-making process. Gram panchayat has not given equal opportunity for participation to Dalit women in the planning process of the campaign activities. Educated people are more likely to get the opportunity for participation in planning and implementation of the scheme. Villages, even gram panchayats, have not conducted any awareness campaign to disseminate the information of the Campaign among Dalit and rural masses.

scholarly journals PATRIMONIO PLÁSTICO: A DECISION-MAKING PROCESS FOR THE RE-USE OF AN INDUSTRIAL ARCHITECTURE IN MONTEVIDEO

Detritus ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Sabrina Sacco ◽  
Maria Cerreta
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Project Proposal ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Industrial Architecture ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The University ◽  
Plastic Containers

This contribution refers to a research carried out between the Departments of Architecture of the University of Naples Federico II and the University of the Republic in Montevideo. The research focuses on the theme of re-use as a practice able to trigger synergistic mechanisms between different entities and identities of the urban fabric. At the centre is Patrimonio Plástico, a decision-making process for the re-use of an industrial architecture dealing with the recycling of waste and materials, such as plastic, containers, and abandoned spaces of the city. The multidisciplinary and multiscalar decision-making process translates into actions some objectives of the Agenda 2030 SDGs at a global level and the objectives expressed by the various social groups interviewed at the local level in order to identify the preferable project proposal whose it has been assessed the economic, social and environmental sustainability.

scholarly journals The Principle of Constituency of Peoples: An Obstacle to the Achievement of Popular Sovereignty in Bosnia and Herzegovina?

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3(16)) ◽  
pp. 323-350
Author(s):  
Dženeta Omerdić
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
State Government ◽  
State Level ◽  
Popular Sovereignty ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The People ◽  
Democratic Authority ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Dayton Agreement

Before the socio-political communities are posted, a very demanding task of defining the subject on whose name will behalf political power is implemented over a given state territory. However, the question about the subject of sovereignty should in no case be misunderstood as an issue of simply theoretical approach. The level of a state’s democracy, as well as its ability to realize internal and external sovereignty, depends entirely on fact: does the power belong to the People and whether it derives from the People. In other words, the issue of popular sovereignty is a substantial, constitutive element of modern democratic states. When we speak about contemporary Bosnia and Herzegovina, the functionality of the entire state government is often hindered by the complex decision-making processes at all state levels which lead to obstruction of the entire decision-making process. Such a dysfunctional decision-making process on the state level poses a threat and disables the Bosnian plural society to respond to the modern challenges of a democratic functioning state. The legal nature of Bosnian society is determined by the existence of constituent people who have “usurped” the entire decision-making process. There is still no end in sight to the struggle that leads to an oligarchy of the ruling elites; furthermore, there is still no appropriate socio-political mechanism that will enhance the accountability of the representatives to their voters; it is still inconceivable that decisions of state authorities are effectively and consistently implemented throughout the national territory. In other words, there is still no appropriate mechanism that will enhance the principle of popular sovereignty. It is necessary to “offer” Bosnia and Herzegovina’s pluralism and its political tradition a form of democratic authority which in no way should be a cliché. Furthermore, it may not be one of the “copy-paste” models of democratic authority. Currently, citizens of B&H are completely suspended (de facto, there are only citizens of entities). In the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Serbs are suspended, while in the Republika Srpska, Bosniacs and Croats cannot equally participate in the decision-making process. An unfinished process of implementation of the Dayton Agreement and, in particular, Annex 4 (the Constitution of B&H), whose provisions permit discrimination against the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina (the impossibility of the realization of the principle of equality in the exercise of universal suffrage), as well as the non-application of the Decision of the European Court of Human Rights contributes and is conducive to further segmentation of Bosnian society.

scholarly journals How Can Realism be Utilised in an Understanding of the United States/New Zealand Relationship over Nuclear Policy?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Angela Fitzsimons
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
National Interest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Normative Theory ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Nuclear Policy ◽  
Security Relationship

<p>This thesis examines the decision making process of the United States and New Zealand on the nuclear policy issue through the lens of realism and analyses the effect of realism on the ANZUS alliance. Broader questions associated with alliances, national interest, changing priorities and limits on the use of power are also treated. A single case study of the United States/New Zealand security relationship as embodied in the ANZUS treaty will be used to evaluate the utility of realism in understanding the decision making process that led to the declaration by the United States that the treaty was in abeyance. Five significant findings emerged: firstly both New Zealand and the United States used realism in the decision making process based on national interest, Secondly; diverging national interests over the nuclear issue made the ANZUS treaty untenable. Thirdly, ethical and cultural aspects of the relationship between the two states limited the application of classical realism to understanding the bond. Fourthly, normative theory accommodates realist theory on the behaviour of states in the international environment. Finally, continued engagement between the United States and New Zealand and evolved circumstances provided the means to revitalise a changed security relationship.</p>

scholarly journals A Study on factors influencing Consumers Behavior while availing Hospitality services

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Dr.Meenakshi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Marketing Mix ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Consumer Awareness ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The People ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Area Unit

Consumer behavior (CB) involves acts, attitudes, ideas or experiences that fulfill the patron's wishes and expectations (Solomon, 1996). This involves all activities that are directly involved in the acquisition, use and disposal of products and services, including the preceding and related decision-making processes. ' (Engel, Blackwell, & Miniard, 1995). When hospitality services are found and used, certain factors influence the decision-making process. The paper is predicated on a close review of studies coping with the hospitality business, for this purpose numerous analysis papers, websites and books area unit consulted for a close literature review and also the vital gaps area unit determined within the studies on the idea of that the researcher is developed the analysis downside, made hypothesis and chalked out an appropriate analysis, sampling style and hypothesis. Delhi is taken as sampling of analysis and every one the people higher than fifteen years aged were taken because the population of analysis. Sample size was calculated statistically and was more divided in 2 elements as a result of study is administrated on the idea of gender. The sampling was done proportionately from all the zones of Delhi. Data was taken from primary in addition as secondary sources. Paper analyzes consumer awareness of the hospitality industry's Marketing mix policies. Study can so assist the welcome business to draw and customize their policies. The present analysis is administrated from the view of the buyer.

Some Hot Topics in Personnel Management and Emotions

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-68
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Personnel Management ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The People ◽  
Smart Goals ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
The Way

Building upon the findings from the previous chapters, the authors introduce the hot topic of perception, and the theories and models that researchers have proposed to somehow rationalise the decision-making process. In particular, they observe how individuals perceive specific situations and what factors influence such perception. This chapter is useful to reflect on past experiences, and the way you think of the people you come across in your life or within the organisation you work for. In this perspective, the authors show that perception can be manipulated through motivation techniques, using, for example, Maslow's theory of needs or Latham's SMART goals approach.

Differences in Behavioral Biases in Investment Decision Making: Gender and Occupation Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-35
Author(s):  
Shailesh Rastogi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Behavioral Finance ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Biases ◽  
The People ◽  
Investment Decision Making ◽  
Behavioral Aspects ◽  
Finance Theory

Investments and Investment decision making come a long way in last few decades. The practical deviation from the established norms of conventional finance made the people know that the investors??buying behavior cannot be understood only by conventional finance theories. Studies strongly support the presence of behavioral aspects in the investment decision making process and behavioral finance provides solution to many-a-problems hitherto not answered appropriately by the conventional finance theory. Moreover, it was also propounded that the behavioral biases vary across gender and occupation of the investors. This study provides evidences for the existence of biases and also provides with the evidences that behavioral biases are not affected by the combined categories of gender and occupation.

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