Institutional Environment and Housing Conditions in the European Union

10.4335/56 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-309
Author(s):  
Tjaša Oplotnik
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Housing Market ◽  
Housing Policy ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Housing Quality ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Member States

There is no housing policy at the level of the European Union. Therefore, it is the domain of national options. There are also big differences between individual Member States. Despite that, the basic feature of the housing policies has been privatisation in most European countries over the last twenty years. It means transferring the responsibility for housing provision from the state to the market and formation of financial networks within which an individual can provide his or her housing. In nearly all EU Member States, including Slovenia, a major volume of selective allocation of housing construction for the market and a higher level of housing quality are noticeable. The purpose of this paper is to present the housing policies and the housing market conditions in Slovenia, Great Britain, Germany, Sweden and Spain. On the basis of the comparative analysis of the selected countries, we tried to present characteristics, differences or similarities in the housing standard. They are reflected in the quality, availability and accessibility of the housing stock. KEY WORDS: • housing market • housing policy • quality • availability • accessibility • housing stock • Slovenia • Great Britain • Germany • Sweden • Spain

The impact of Brexit on the voting power in the Council of the European Union

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 95-117
Author(s):  
Marcin Kleinowski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Voting Power ◽  
Qualified Majority ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The article analyses the potential impact of Brexit on the voting power of member states and indirect voting power of EU residents in the Council, in the case of adopting decisions by the qualified majority of votes. The leading hypothesis of the paper assumes that the fact of leaving the EU by Great Britain leads to another transfer of voting power to the benefit of five countries with the largest populations. The aim of the paper is also to determine to what extent the indirect voting power of residents from individual member states is equal. The obtained results indicate that a flow of voting power towards the five member states with the largest populations will be a consequence of Brexit.

IMPACT OF EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ON WORKERS’ INCOMES

2021 ◽  
Vol 562 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Władysław Bogdan Sztyber
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
European Union ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oecd Data

The article presents the impact of the level of education of employees on their income in various terms. One of them is a study based on the OECD data from 2004–2005, which shows the differentiation of incomes of employees with different levels of education on the basis of the relative differentiation between them, assuming the income level of employees with upper secondary education as 100 and referring to it respectively the income level of employees with higher education and the level of income of employees with lower secondary education. The article then presents a more elaborate study of the impact of the level of education of employees on their incomes in the European Union, included in the Report “The European Higher Education Area in 2015”. This survey shows the impact of the education level of employees on the median of their gross annual income in the European Union and in the individual Member States. The article also compares the income differentiation depending on the level of education, based on the OECD data for 2004–2005, with the results of surveys on European Union Member States in 2010 and 2013.

Statistical Analysis of Housing Situation in EU Member States

2020 ◽  
pp. 366-375
Author(s):  
Artur Zimny ◽  
Karina Zawieja-Żurowska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Housing Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Housing Situation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States

This chapter attempts to analyze the housing market. In particular, it attempts to modelling through a statistical analysis the housing market in member states of the European Union.

Migration, Social Protection, and the (Re)Production of Inequalities in the European Union

2018 ◽  
pp. 134-153
Author(s):  
Thomas Faist
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Transnational Social Space ◽  
The Eu

Europe, and the European Union in particular, can be conceived as a transnational social space with a high degree of transactions across borders of member states. The question is how efforts to provide social protection for cross-border migrants in the EU reinforce existing inequalities (e.g. between regions or within households), and lead to new types of inequalities (e.g. stratification of labour markets). Social protection in the EU falls predominantly under the purview of individual member states; hence, frictions between different state-operated protection systems and social protection in small groups are particularly apparent in the case of cross-border flows of people and resources. Chapter 5 examines in detail the general social mechanisms operative in cross-border forms of social protection, in particular, exclusion, opportunity hoarding, hierarchization, and exploitation, and also more concrete mechanisms which need to be constructed bottom-up.

Politics in the European Union

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Bache ◽  
Simon Bulmer ◽  
Stephen George ◽  
Owen Parker
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Politics ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eurozone Crisis ◽  
Member States ◽  
Treaty Of Lisbon ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Eu

Politics in the European Union examines the theory, history, institutions, and policies of the European Union. The EU is a unique, complex, and ever-changing political entity which continues to shape both international politics and the politics of its individual member states. The text provides a clear analysis of the organization and presents a well-rounded introduction to the subject. Complete and detailed in its coverage, with a consolidated and updated history section, this text weaves together material on key contemporary concerns including the eurozone crisis and the implementation of the Treaty of Lisbon with a thorough consideration of the workings and remit of the EU.

Political and Economic Impacts of Brexit on European Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Ghulam Mustafa ◽  
Mazhar Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Aslam
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu

The Brexit is a term used to explain about the withdrawal of Great Britain from the European Union. Brexit is an important political development in the recent political scenario of Europe. It has its impacts on the economic and political future of the UK and the EU. In mid of 2016, a referendum was held in the UK to decide whether they should remain in the EU or exit. The British decided in favour of exit. In this study, descriptive analysis study covers the impacts of Brexit on the EU, possible post-Brexit challenges, and way forward for the EU. The post-Brexit challenges for the EU such as rise of anti-EU political forces spreading anti-migrants’ sentiments in member states and economic challenges such as Budgetary gap, impact of Brexit on the structures of the EU institutions have been observed. It has also been observed that the EU will remain stable despite of the challenges. If it deals the situation with unity and harmony among its member states, the challenges can be turned into opportunities.

About the Need to Define Uniform Rules for the Operation of Insurance Guarantee Schemes in the Event of Insurer's Bankruptcy in the European Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (105) ◽  
pp. 57-77
Author(s):  
Iwona Szczęsna
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Insurance Contract ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Current State ◽  
Compulsory Insurance

The European Union has been working for years to establish uniform rules for the operation of insurance guarantee funds in the Member States. They are the equivalents of the Polish Insurance Guarantee Fund. The rules should increase the protection of consumers, i.e. policyholders and the injured. However, it has not been decided yet who will actually be protected by the new regulation, namely whether these will be all the insured or only those who have concluded a compulsory insurance contract. Will all Europeans be protected in the same way or only residents of individual Member States? What is more, the ultimate cost of the systemic changes to be introduced into the Polish market is also unknown. If the system applied to numerous business lines and covered natural persons as well as small and medium-sized enterprises, insurance would certainly become very expensive, leaving many Poles without protection. This article aims to familiarize readers with the current state of legislative works as well as the directions for the development of systemic changes.

Statistical Analysis of Housing Situation in EU Member States

2017 ◽  
pp. 230-239
Author(s):  
Artur Zimny ◽  
Karina Zawieja-Żurowska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Housing Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Housing Situation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States

This chapter attempts to analyze the housing market. In particular, it attempts to modelling through a statistical analysis the housing market in member states of the European Union.

Analysis of the Dutch Crisis Response System in the Context of the Common European Union Resilience

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Chris van Duuren ◽  
Tomasz Zwęgliński
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
System Development ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Eu

The increasing integrity of the European Union member states is more and more regarding the security and civil protection aspects. On the other hand the priority in responsibility for the safety and security is still in the domain of the sovereign states. It means that the individual states of the EU are responsible for designing and managing their own security and civil protection systems. However, the integration processes within the EU trigger a significant need for an increase of common understanding of the individual member states’ philosophies, approaches and systems utilized in the domain of security and civil protection. Only then if we understand how the others work, we are able to assist them in a crisis or disaster. Therefore, it is highly important to share and understand each other’s systems between member states. The article presents the Dutch approach to national risk assessment as well as organizational aspects of internal security system applied in the Netherlands. It also suggest the future challenges which are at the near horizon of the system development.

The Member States of the European Union

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Member State ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
Domestic Institutions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
State Relations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The Member States of the European Union combines a study of individual member states with an examination of the broader process of Europeanization. Examining both sides of this crucial relationship, this text provides a useful guide to EU member state relations. This third edition has been updated to summer 2019 and includes chapters on eight member states from different geographical regions and dates of accession. These are followed by seven thematic chapters on the Europeanization of structures, actors, and processes within the pre-Brexit EU 28. The Member States of the European Union helps understanding the influence of Member States in the EU but also the impact the EU has on the domestic institutions, politics, and policies of each member state.

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