Financing Municipal Utility Activities and Local Public Enterprises by Way of Illustrating the Situation in the Republic of Macedonia

10.4335/78 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Pendovska ◽  
Aleksandra Maksimovska Veljanovska
Keyword(s):  
Legal Framework ◽  
Public Enterprise ◽  
Public Enterprises ◽  
User Charges ◽  
Utility Company ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Current Economic Situation ◽  
Utility Companies ◽  
Utility Services ◽  
The Republic

This paper is about the local utility services in the decentralization process in the Republic of Macedonia. Particular emphasis is placed on the legal framework for financing municipal utility services through the decentralization process. Since the utility service tariffs are relatively low, the Macedonian utility companies want to increase their tariffs up to cost recovery levels to achieve higher standards required by the EU Directives. The paper also deals with financial relations between the central and local authorities versus the utility company management and the current state of providing utility services in light of financial issues. It has been found out that there is a huge potential to improve user charges. However, due to the current economic situation and the unwillingness of customers to pay higher fees, this solution cannot be applied for the time being. KEY WORDS: • public service delivery • financing municipal activities • public enterprise • Macedonia

Legal and Institutional Framework of Local Self-Government in the Republic of Macedonia

10.4335/76 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-127
Author(s):  
Gordana Siljanovska Davkova
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Municipal Management ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Local Leaders

In general, a comprehensive and well-designed local self-government will significantly improve community management in the Republic of Macedonia. The increased competences and strengthening of the political culture of the population will result in a more active participation of citizens in local processes. An increase in the professional level of the executive and administrative bodies along with improved communication with a civil society will have a positive impact on the quality of municipal management. Decentralized approaches to local development can be a sustainable way to preserve multiculturalism in an ethnically and culturally diverse country. The outcome of the process will depend on the level of public engagement, accountability of local leaders, and transparency of procedures. KEYWORDS: • local self-government • legal framework • municipality • decentralization • Macedonia

An Analysis of the Provision of Local Public Utility Services by Way of Illustration of Two Slovenian Municipalities

10.4335/82 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-219
Author(s):  
Božo Grafenauer
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Public Utilities ◽  
Public Enterprise ◽  
Public Enterprises ◽  
The Public ◽  
Local Public Services ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
Utility Services

Among the tasks performed by the Slovenian municipalities to meet the needs of individual residents there is also the provision of local public services. A municipality provides the performance of the public services determined by the municipality itself, and the performance of the public services established by law (local public services). The legal foundations for the regulation and operation of public utility services are given primarily in the Local Self-Government Act and in the Public Utilities Act, as well as in sector-specific laws for individual services. The overview of public utility services and the modes of their performance in two urban municipalities indicate that in Slovenian municipalities, public utility services are performed primarily in two ways: in public enterprises and by awarding a public service concession. KEYWORDS: • local public services • public service delivery • municipality • concession • public enterprise • Slovenia

scholarly journals The Fundamental Human Right to Marry and to Family Life and their Protection in the Legal Framework of the Republic of Macedonia

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.Sc. Albana Metaj-Stojanova
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right

The right to family life is a fundamental human right, recognized by a series of international and European acts, which not only define and ensure its protection, but also emphasize the social importance of the family unit and the institution of marriage. The right to family life has evolved rapidly, since it was first introduced as an international human right by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). The family structure and the concept of family life have changed dramatically over the last few decades, influenced by the everchanging social reality of our time and the decline of the institution of marriage. Aside from the traditional European nuclear family composed of two married persons of opposite sex and their marital children, new forms of family structures have arisen. LGTB families are at the centre of the ongoing debate on re-defining marriage and the concept of family life. The aim of this paper is to analyse the degree of protection accorded to family life and to the right to marry, which has long been recognized as one of the vital personal rights essential to the pursuit of happiness by free men by both, international acts ratified by the Republic of Macedonia and the legal system of the country. The methodology applied is qualitative research and use of the analytical, historical and comparative methods. The paper concludes that in general Republic of Macedonia has a solid legal framework, in compliance with the international law, that protects and promotes the right to family life.

scholarly journals Heraldry in the Republic of Macedonia (1991–2019)

Genealogy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Jovan Jonovski
Keyword(s):  
European Country ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Recent Change ◽  
The State ◽  
First Century ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Artistic Representations ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Coats Of Arms ◽  
National Corpus

Every European country now has some distinctive heraldic conventions and traditions embodied in the designs and artistic representations of the emblems forming part of its national corpus. This paper deals with these matters in the period from independence in 1991 to the recent change of name in 2019. It deals with the successive designs proposed for the emblem of the state itself, some of which conformed to international heraldic conventions closely enough to be called “arms” or “coats of arms”, not including the emblem adopted in 2009. Special attention is given to the distinctive conventions created for municipal heraldry, including its novel legal framework, as well as those governing personal heraldry developed in the twenty-first century. The paper examines the evolution of heraldic thought and practice in Macedonia in the three decades in question, especially in the context of the Macedonian Heraldic Society and its journal, The Macedonian Herald, and its Register of Arms and the Civic Heraldic System it created.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of public enterprise management in the Republic of Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-100
Author(s):  
Edvard Jakopin ◽  
Miladin Kalinić
Keyword(s):  
Transition Countries ◽  
Public Enterprise ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Public Enterprises ◽  
Budget Support ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Economic Boom

The results of a comparative study of the effects of state and public enterprise management in transition economies have classified Serbia as a group of countries with inefficient management. Transition countries, members of the EU, achieve better management performance of state-owned enterprises than non-EU countries, due to stronger institutions, efficient state aid rules, as well as greater transparency of budget support. The global pandemic in 2020 and increased health, economic and social risks, in many transition countries have not affected the slowdown of structural reforms in public enterprises, on the contrary, a special focus was directed towards upgrading the mechanisms of management of public enterprises, strengthening the anti-corruption policy, digitalization of state services, etc. The research of the reform balance of the management of large republican public infrastructure enterprises in the Republic of Serbia has shown that the state has major problems in the management of enterprises that are in its portfolio and under its control. Their business poses a permanent budget risk, directly affecting economic growth and key macroeconomic aggregates. Large infrastructure public enterprises have a dominant share in the energy and transport sectors, which affects the business of the entire economy. The balance of their business in the period of economic boom is in increasing discrepancy with the balance of business of the private sector, which clearly indicates the problem of management. The primary reform task in the management of public enterprises is to improve the accountability, transparency and efficiency of their management.

REGIONAL POLICY IN REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA IN CONTEXT OF EU INTEGRATION POLICIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-328
Author(s):  
Marija Karaeva ◽  
Savo Ashtalkoski ◽  
Slavcho Chungurski
Keyword(s):  
Regional Policy ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Short Description ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
Integration Policies ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right

As one of the priorities of the European Union, regional policy provides a platform for the regions to be proactive in realizing the benefits of integration and due to the additional fact that Republic of Macedonia aims towards EU integration, the goal of this paper is to provide an answer of the question, whether regional policy in Republic of Macedonia is on the right track and if there is a need for certain interventions and changes in the existing legal framework. Within the frame of this paper the problems in the field of regional development the Republic of Macedonia which are the basis for the establishment of regional policy, will be discussed. After short description of the state of the art of the regional policy in Republic of Macedonia, special attention in the paper will be given to the sources of financing of the regional policy in RM. At the end the focus will be put possible software solution for improving the coordination between regional policy with other sectorial policies.

scholarly journals Central Bank Independence - the Case of the National Bank of Republic of Macedonia

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Angelovska Bezhoska
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
National Bank ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Level ◽  
Key Aspects

AbstractThis paper explores the level of independence of the National bank of the Republic of Macedonia by primarily focusing on the legal provisions that pertain to the key aspects for achieving and maintaining price stability. It provides a historical perspective of the evolution of the independence since the first years of transition. The assessment of the independence of the NBRM is based on the index of Cukierman, Webb, and Neyapti (1992), as one of the most commonly used indices, and the index of Jacome and Vazquez (2005), which incorporates some specific aspects relevant for transition economies. Both indices indicate that the legal independence of the NBRM has increased over the years and that the current legal framework provides a high level of independence. Yet, it should be emphasized that there is a room for further strengthening, in particular in the areas of policy formulation and the process of appointment of the non-executive members of the council of the NBRM. As the indices are based on the legal provisions, they can serve only as an indication of the actual independence of the central bank.

scholarly journals Legal framework of freedom of religion in the Republic of Macedonia

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Sasa Dukoski ◽  
Svetlana Veljanovska
Keyword(s):  
Legal Framework ◽  
Freedom Of Religion ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Republic

SISTEM OBJEDINjENE NAPLATE KOMUNALNIH USLUGA U VELIKIM GRADOVIMA U SRBIJI

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratomir Antonović ◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Utility ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Utility Company ◽  
Utility Companies ◽  
System Of Cities ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Novi Sad

The provision of communal services and their timely execution is one of the vital issues of importance for the functioning of large cities. The paper pays special attention to the provision of communal services in larger cities in the Republic of Serbia. Payment for these services is a particularly important segment in the functioning of the municipal system of cities, and the collection is entrusted to specially formed public utility companies, as is the case with Belgrade, for example in which the public utility company "Infostan - Technologies" has primary jurisdiction. payment of all communal services provided to the residents of Belgrade. The same principle of unified collection has been applied in some other cities in Serbia, such as Subotica, Nis, Kragujevac, Novi Sad and others

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