Political ideology: basis for a dynamic social identity

2019 ◽  
pp. 374-387
Author(s):  
Donnel A. Briley ◽  
Kiju Jung ◽  
Shai Danziger
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Political Ideology

scholarly journals Mindful Economics: The Production, Consumption, and Value of Beliefs

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Bénabou ◽  
Jean Tirole
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Anxiety Reduction ◽  
Wishful Thinking ◽  
Moral Self ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
Economic Goods

In this paper, we provide a perspective into the main ideas and findings emerging from the growing literature on motivated beliefs and reasoning. This perspective emphasizes that beliefs often fulfill important psychological and functional needs of the individual. Economically relevant examples include confidence in ones' abilities, moral self-esteem, hope and anxiety reduction, social identity, political ideology, and religious faith. People thus hold certain beliefs in part because they attach value to them, as a result of some (usually implicit) tradeoff between accuracy and desirability. In a sense, we propose to treat beliefs as regular economic goods and assets—which people consume, invest in, reap returns from, and produce, using the informational inputs they receive or have access to. Such beliefs will be resistant to many forms of evidence, with individuals displaying non-Bayesian behaviors such as not wanting to know, wishful thinking, and reality denial.

Explaining the NRA’s Power

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-43
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Lacombe
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Republican Party ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Political Power ◽  
National Rifle Association ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Party Group

This chapter lays out a framework for answering why supporters of gun rights are so dedicated to their cause and why the National Rifle Association (NRA) and its members have such an important place in the Republican Party. It discusses how the NRA has crafted a worldview around guns, consisting of both a gun owner social identity and a broader political ideology. The chapter then looks into greater detail about each of these central ideas: the ideational resources of identity and ideology, and the party–group alignment that has been so central to the NRA's more recent political power. The chapter ends by circling back to the previous chapter's discussion of political power, exploring what the NRA can teach us about how power is built and exercised.

scholarly journals Immigration attitudes among western and eastern European MPs: social identity, economic aspects and political ideology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojana Kocijan ◽  
Marko Kukec
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
National Parliaments ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Immigration Attitudes

AbstractThis article calls for greater attention to immigration attitudes of members of national parliaments (MPs) who absent harmonized immigration policy at the EU level remain the chief decision-makers and are thus responsible for swift government reaction to large influx of immigrants as witnessed in summer 2015 and spring 2020. Against this background, attitudes of MPs toward non-EU immigrants can be highly informative for understanding the foundation and direction of future immigration policy reforms. Although knowledge of MPs immigration attitudes is seemingly important, studies interested in this topic remain scarce. To test the relative importance of identity and economic aspects of MPs' immigration attitudes, this study adopts few well-established theoretical approaches from citizen-level research. Our data come from an MP survey that was administered in 11 Western and Eastern European countries in late 2014 as part of the European National Elites and the Crisis project. Our results suggest that social identity (religiosity) along with political ideology rather than economic concerns drive MPs' immigration attitudes. In addition, we find that in Eastern Europe immigration is only a light force behind political competition unlike in Western Europe, while economic left in Eastern Europe is more anti-immigrant than in Western Europe.

scholarly journals Existential and Archetypal Architectonics of Social (Societal) Order

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 6148-6153
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
World Order ◽  
The World

The article deals with the modern order (world order) in the context of modern social reality. This is due to the need to identify and diagnose the current socio-cultural situation in the world. It is suggested that modern social and socio-political orders, as well as world order patterns and mechanisms, are unable to reproduce the value identity of societies. This is partly due to the disruption of the "super doctrines", "pictures of the world", which for many centuries held social identity around a common substantive core, namely, national, religious, or political ideology. The article also discusses the role of individuals in the course of social reproduction, as well as presents general arguments about the increasing role of the human factor and the need for more efficient use of human capital

American Christian Nationalism and the Meaning of “Religion”

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Active Process ◽  
Shared Identity ◽  
The Us ◽  
Christian Nation ◽  
Christian Nationalism

Abstract American Christian nationalism highlights the entanglements of identity and power as they relate to the category of “religion.” Like many populist movements, Christian nationalism emerges out of a power-devaluation crisis stemming from the diminishment of White Christians’ social and political hegemony, coalescing around the affirmation that the US is a properly “Christian” nation. However, an examination of Christian nationalism reveals that the meaning of “Christian” within Christian nationalism cannot be captured by traditional measures of individual religiosity that tacitly presuppose that religion is essentially private, belief-focused, and non-political in nature, but must recognize that it expresses a complex social identity involving multiple social domains (e.g., race, gender, political ideology) and, as such, contests of power. This analysis is significant for religious studies because it suggests that religion is better approached analytically as an active process of socially-shared identity formation than as a belief system or Gestalt of individual religious practices.

scholarly journals Metadehumanization Erodes Democratic Norms During the 2020 Presidential Election

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Landry
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
American Democracy ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Identity Maintenance ◽  
Opposing Party ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Corrosive Effect ◽  
Democratic Norms

The present research identifies social psychological factors threatening American democracy. Namely, we identify metadehumanization, the perception that another group dehumanizes your own group, as a robust predictor of Americans’ support for anti-democratic norms. Both immediately before and after the 2020 US Presidential Election, American political partisans perceived that their political opponents dehumanized them more than was actually the case. Partisans’ exaggerated metadehumanization inspired reciprocal dehumanization of the other side, which in turn predicted their support for using anti-democratic means to hurt the opposing party. Along with extending past work demonstrating metadehumanization’s corrosive effect on democratic integrity, the present research also contributes novel insights into our understanding of this process. We found the most politically engaged partisans held the most exaggerated, and therefore most inaccurate, levels of metadehumanization. Moreover, despite the socially progressive and egalitarian outlook traditionally associated with liberalism, we found that the most liberal Democrats actually expressed the greatest dehumanization Republicans. This suggests that political ideology can at times be as much an expression of social identity as a reflection of deliberative policy considerations, and demonstrates the need to develop more constructive outlets for social identity maintenance.

Working Hard to Achieve Self-Defining Group Goals: A Social Identity Analysis

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly S. Fielding ◽  
Michael A. Hogg
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Group Norms ◽  
Identity Threat ◽  
Traditional Research ◽  
Identity Model ◽  
Group Goals ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Substantial Effort

Summary: A social identity model of effort exertion in groups is presented. In contrast to most traditional research on productivity and performance motivation, the model is assumed to apply to groups of all sizes and nature, and to all membership contingent norms that specify group behaviors and goals. It is proposed that group identification renders behavior group-normative and encourages people to behave in line with group norms. The effect should be strengthened among people who most need consensual identity validation from fellow members, and in intergroup contexts where there is inescapable identity threat from an outgroup. Together these processes should encourage people to exert substantial effort on behalf of their group.

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