Spatial and Temporal Life Cycle Assessment: Ozone Formation Potential from Natural Gas Use in a Typical Residential Building in Pittsburgh, USA

Abstract. Reducing the demand for non-renewable resources and the resulting environmental impact is an objective of sustainable development, to which buildings contribute significantly. In order to realize the goal of reaching a climate-neutral building stock, it must first be analyzed and evaluated in order to develop optimization strategies. The life cycle based consideration and assessment of buildings plays a key role in this process. Approaches and tools already exist for this purpose, but they mainly take the operational energy demand of buildings and not a life cycle based approach into account, especially when assessing technical building services (TBS). Therefore, this paper presents and applies a methodical approach for the life cycle based assessment of the TBS of large residential building stocks, based on semantic 3D city models (CityGML). The methodical approach developed for this purpose describes the procedure for calculating the operational energy demand (already validated) and the heating load of the building, the dimensioning of the TBS components and the calculation of the life cycle assessment. The application of the methodology is illustrated in a case study with over 115,000 residential buildings from Munich, Germany. The study shows that the methodology calculates reliable results and that a significant reduction of the life cycle based energy demand can be achieved by refurbishment measures/scenarios. Nevertheless, the goal of achieving a climate-neutral building stock is a challenge from a life cycle perspective.

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Life Cycle Assessment of Environmental ImpactsofUsing Concrete orTimber toConstruct aDuplex Residential Building

IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering ◽

10.9790/1684-11276272 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 62-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Anthony Nkem Ede ◽

◽

Samuel Olusegun Adebayo ◽

Emmanuel Ikechukwu Ugwu ◽

ChidoziePraiseGod Emenike

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Residential Building

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Sustainability assessment of gas based power generation using a life cycle assessment approach

Management of Environmental Quality An International Journal ◽

10.1108/meq-02-2018-0034 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 826-841 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Binita Shah ◽

Seema Unnikrishnan

Keyword(s):

Power Generation ◽

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Power Plant ◽

Natural Gas ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

Electricity Generation ◽

Lca Methodology ◽

Iso 14040 ◽

Content Type

Purpose India is a developing economy along with an increasing population estimated to be the largest populated country in about seven years. Simultaneously, its power consumption is projected to increase more than double by 2020. Currently, the dependence on coal is relatively high, making it the largest global greenhouse gas emitting sector which is a matter of great concern. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the environmental impacts of the natural gas electricity generation in India and propose a model using a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. Design/methodology/approach LCA is used as a tool to evaluate the environmental impact of the natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) power plant, as it adopts a holistic approach towards the whole process. The LCA methodology used in this study follows the ISO 14040 and 14044 standards (ISO 14040: 2009; ISO 14044: 2009). A questionnaire was designed for data collection and validated by expert review primary data for the annual environmental emission was collected by personally visiting the power plant. The study follows a cradle to gate assessment using the CML (2001) methodology. Findings The analysis reveals that the main impacts were during the process of combustion. The Global warming potential is approximately 0.50 kg CO2 equivalents per kWh of electricity generation from this gas-based power plant. These results can be used by stakeholders, experts and members who are authorised to probe positive initiative for the reduction of environmental impacts from the power generation sector. Practical implications Considering the pace of growth of economic development of India, it is the need of the hour to emphasise on the patterns of sustainable energy generation which is an important subject to be addressed considering India’s ratification to the Paris Climate Change Agreement. This paper analyzes the environmental impacts of gas-based electricity generation. Originality/value Presenting this case study is an opportunity to get a glimpse of the challenges associated with gas-based electricity generation in India. It gives a direction and helps us to better understand the right spot which require efforts for the improvement of sustainable energy generation processes, by taking appropriate measures for emission reduction. This paper also proposes a model for gas-based electricity generation in India. It has been developed following an LCA approach. As far as we aware, this is the first study which proposes an LCA model for gas-based electricity generation in India. The model is developed in line with the LCA methodology and focusses on the impact categories specific for gas-based electricity generation.

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Life cycle assessment and economic analysis of methanol production from coke oven gas compared with coal and natural gas routes

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.100 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 185 ◽

pp. 299-308 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Jingying Li ◽

Xiaoxun Ma ◽

Heng Liu ◽

Xiyu Zhang

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Natural Gas ◽

Economic Analysis ◽

Coke Oven ◽

Coke Oven Gas ◽

Methanol Production

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Evaluating the Environmental Impact Score of a Residential Building Using Life Cycle Assessment

Research Anthology on Environmental and Societal Well-Being Considerations in Buildings and Architecture ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-9032-4.ch006 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 142-159

Author(s):

Manish Sakhlecha ◽

Samir Bajpai ◽

Rajesh Kumar Singh

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Natural Resources ◽

Impact Assessment ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

Residential Building ◽

Resource Depletion ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Construction Methods ◽

Growing Economy

Buildings consume major amount of energy as well as natural resources leading to negative environmental impacts like resource depletion and pollution. The current task for the construction sector is to develop an evaluation tool for rating of buildings based on their environmental impacts. There are various assessment tools and models developed by different agencies in different countries to evaluate building's effect on environment. Although these tools have been successfully used and implemented in the respective regions of their origin, the problems of application occur, especially during regional adaptation in other countries due to peculiarities associated with the specific geographic location, climatic conditions, construction methods and materials. India is a rapidly growing economy with exponential increase in housing sector. Impact assessment model for a residential building has been developed based on life cycle assessment (LCA) framework. The life cycle impact assessment score was obtained for a sample house considering fifteen combinations of materials paired with 100% thermal electricity and 70%-30% thermal-solar combination, applying normalization and weighting to the LCA results. The LCA score of portland slag cement with burnt clay red brick and 70%-30% thermal-solar combination (PSC+TS+RB) was found to have the best score and ordinary Portland cement with flyash brick and 100% thermal power (OPC+T+FAB) had the worst score, showing the scope for further improvement in LCA model to include positive scores for substitution of natural resources with industrial waste otherwise polluting the environment.

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