scholarly journals RELATION OF MEDIAN NERVE WITH BRACHIAL ARTERY: A CADAVERIC STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eti Sthapak ◽  
Navbir Pasricha ◽  
Rajan Bhatnagar
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Medial Side ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
General Surgeons ◽  
Cubital Fossa

Introduction: Variation in neurovascular structure are commonly encountered in routine dissection. Brachial artery is the main artery of upper limb. In the arm, the median nerve passes at first lateral to brachial artery (near the insertion of coracobrachialis muscle), then crosses in front of the artery, descending medial to it in the cubital fossa. The knowledge of these variation could be helpful to vascular, plastic, general surgeons and orthopedicians. It is also important to prevent iatrogenic injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate anatomical variations in course and relation of median nerve to brachial artery in the arm. Material & Methods: The study was conducted in 50 cadavers (100 upper limbs) in duration of two years. Proper cadaveric dissection was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dr. RML Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, and Era’s Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow. Observation & Results: In the present series, median nerve was found to cross behind the brachial artery at about the middle of the arm in 8% cadavers. Median nerve entered the arm at first lateral to brachial artery, near the insertion of coracobrachialis. In 46 cadavers (96 upper limbs), it crossed in front of the artery from lateral to medial side. In four cadavers (5 upper limbs), it passed posterior to the brachial artery in the arm. Conclusion: Knowledge of the brachial artery and their variations are of clinical and surgical importance. An awareness of such a presence is valuable for the surgeons and radiologists in evaluation of angiographic images, vascular and re-constructive surgery or appropriate treatment for compressive neuropathies.

scholarly journals Cadaveric Study of Anatomical Variations in the Musculocutaneous Nerve and in the Median Nerve

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 122-125
Author(s):  
Abhilasha Priya ◽  
Chandni Gupta ◽  
Antony Sylvan D'souza
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Kasturba Medical College ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lateral Cord

Introduction The musculocutaneous nerve and the median nerve are branches from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus with a root value of C5, C6, and C7. The medial root of the median nerve is a branch of the medial cord. The present study aims at observing any variations in these peripheral nerves, so that this knowledge can be utilized by surgeons, anesthesiologists, and orthopedicians during surgical procedures and nerve block. Materials and Methods The present study was carried on 30 adult embalmed cadavers (60 upper limbs) in the department of anatomy of the Kasturba Medical College , Manipal, India. The infraclavicular part of the brachial plexus was dissected, and any anatomical variations in the formation and in the branching pattern of the musculocutaneous nerve and of the median nerve were noted and photographs were taken. Results The median nerve was noted to be formed from 3 roots in 8 out of 60 dissected upper limbs (13.33%). The musculocutaneous nerve was absent in 5% of the dissected limbs, and communications between these 2 nerves were noted in 13.33% of the dissected limbs. Conclusions Noted variations of the nerves may be of help to surgeons operating in the axillas and in the arms.

scholarly journals The High Origin of the Radial Artery (Brachioradial Artery): Its Anatomical Variations, Clinical Significance, and Contribution to the Blood Supply of the Hand

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Haładaj ◽  
Grzegorz Wysiadecki ◽  
Zbigniew Dudkiewicz ◽  
Michał Polguj ◽  
Mirosław Topol
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Radial Artery ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Anatomic Variations ◽  
Vascular Territory ◽  
Cubital Fossa

Background. This study thoroughly analyzes the anatomic variations of the brachioradial artery (radial artery of high origin) based on the variability of its origin, the presence and types of anastomosis with the brachial artery in the cubital fossa (“cubital crossover” or “cubital connection”), and the pattern of radial recurrent arteries, as well as the vascular territory within the hand. Material and Methods. One hundred and twenty randomly selected, isolated upper limbs fixed in 10% formalin solution were dissected. Results. The radial artery was found to have a high origin in 9.2% of total number of the limbs: two cases from the axillary artery; nine cases from the brachial artery. Anastomosis between the brachioradial and “normal” brachial arteries in the cubital fossa was also frequently observed (54.6%). The anastomosis (“cubital crossover”) was dominant in one case, balanced in three cases, minimal in two cases, and absent in five cases. Conclusions. The brachioradial artery may originate from the brachial and, less frequently, from the axillary artery. Anastomosis between the brachioradial and “normal” brachial arteries in the cubital fossa may be dominant, balanced, minimal, or absent. A complete radioulnar arch was found more often when the brachioradial artery was present as a variant.

scholarly journals Variations in the course and branching pattern of musculocutaneous nerve

2013 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 195-199
Author(s):  
Amar Jayanthi A. ◽  
Arunkumar K G.
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Growth Cone ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽  
Axonal Pathfinding ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background and aim: The variations in the course and communicating branches of musculocutaneous nerve is of clinical importance in the treatment of recurrent compression neuropathies and in the diagnosis of median nerve lesions. Most of the reports on anatomical variations of musculocutaneous nerve are single case studies and such studies with emphasis on gender difference in a sample of Keralite population are rarely reported. The objective of the present study is to observe the variations in the course of musculocutaneous nerve with special reference to communications with other nerves of the arm and to study the correlation between gender and variations of the nerve. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and sixty four arms were dissected in the department of Anatomy, Government medical college, Thrissur and studied for variations of muculocutaneous nerve. Analysis was done with epi info, using proportions, confidence interval and Chi Square test. The communications noted were classified using the available classifications of Le Minor, Venieratos and Anagnostopoulou and Choi et al. Results: Nerve variations were seen in 24.2 % cases which include, absence of the nerve (3.4%), nerve not piercing coracobrachialis (12.4%) and communication to median nerve (15.1 %). All the variations observed were statistically not significant. The embryological basis for the axonal pathfinding is considered as a result of both guidance molecules and electrical activity that change the calcium homeostasis within the growth cone to regulate growth cone turning. Conclusion: Variations that were observed in the present study may give sufficient and relevant data on the nerves, among Keralite population in which studies are few.

scholarly journals Variant insertion of coracobrachialis muscle-morphological significance, embryological basis and clinical importance

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Guha ◽  
N Satyanarayana ◽  
CK Reddy ◽  
N Jayasri ◽  
V Nitin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Ulnar Nerve ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Medial Epicondyle ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Medial Border ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Anomalous Insertion

The coracobrachialis muscle in the arm is morphologically the sole representative of adductor group muscle in the arm, but such function during the process of evolution became insignificant in man. It is more important morphologically than functionally. Variant insertion of the coracobrachialis muscle was found during routine dissection of an adult male cadaver in the Department of Anatomy, College of Medical Sciences, and Bharatpur, Nepal. Normally the coracobrachialis muscle is inserted into the middle of the medial border of the humerus. In the present case an additional slender tendon passed inferiorly, crossing anterior to the median nerve and brachial artery, before attaching to the medial epicondyle of the humerus. Most of the proximal part of the tendon gave rise to an aponeurotic expansion that inserted into the distal medial border of the humerus. The tendinous insertion and aponeurotic expansion may represent a variant of the coracobrachialis longus (Wood's) muscle and the internal brachial ligament or the ligament of Struthers. The ulnar nerve was found to be traversing below the aponeurotic expansion. This type of anomalous insertion of coracobrachialis muscle may lead to compression of median nerve, brachial artery and ulnar nerve. Key words: Coracobrachialis muscle; ligament of Struthers; median nerve; brachial artery; ulnar nerve. DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v6i2.3616 Journal of college of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2010, Vol.6, No-2, 42-46

The Branching Pattern and Communications of the Musculocutaneous Nerve

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 560-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. KRISHNAMURTHY ◽  
S. R. NAYAK ◽  
L. VENKATRAYA PRABHU ◽  
R. P. HEGDE ◽  
S. SURENDRAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Lateral Aspect ◽  
Upper Arm

Anatomical variations of peripheral nerves are important and can help explain otherwise incomprehensible clinical findings. A study of 26 right and 18 left formalin-preserved upper limbs identified the fact that the musculocutaneous nerve is subject to considerable anatomical variation, including communication with the median nerve. A study of its branching pattern made us aware of why debility after trauma to the lateral aspect of the upper arm may be more than expected, and this study considers the clinical and surgical importance of these variations of the musculocutaneous nerve.

scholarly journals Bilateral superficial brachial artery

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-428
Author(s):  
T Sharma ◽  
RK Singla ◽  
K Sachdeva
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Superficial Brachial Artery ◽  
Clinical Procedures ◽  
Accurate Knowledge ◽  
Cubital Fossa ◽  
Arterial Anatomy

Variations of the upper limb arterial system are well documented. Accurate knowledge of the normal and variant arterial anatomy of the axillary artery is important for clinical procedures and vascular radiology. In this article, a rare bilateral variation of superficial brachial artery is being reported. The axillary artery on both sides divided in its third part into a superficial brachial artery passing superficial to the lateral root of median nerve and brachial artery proper. The former terminated in the cubital fossa by dividing into ulnar and radial arteries while the later descended deep to the medial root of median nerve and gave anterior and posterior circumflex humeral branches of axillary artery and profunda brachii of brachial artery. Then it terminated by giving twigs to muscles of arm. Earlier superficial brachial artery is reported with a prevalence rate varying from 0.2 - 25 % but a bilateral variation is extremely rare. Further its ontogeny and clinical implications are discussed in detail. Key words: Superficial brachial artery; brachial artery; Axillary artery   DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v7i4.2768 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2009) Vol.7, No.4 Issue 28, 426-428

scholarly journals High Brachial Artery Bifurcation Clinical finding in Cadaveric Specimen by Medical Students During Internship

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Giulia Garcia Pedrão ◽  
Thales Vinicius Candido da Silva ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Novelini ◽  
Beatriz Ferratone Magalhães ◽  
Danilo Anderson Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Cadaveric Specimen ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Anatomy Laboratory

The high brachial artery bifurcation is an anatomical variation found in the arm segment. Although it does not present any alteration in the arterial blood functionality, it is considered a common spot for vascular lesions during surgical interventions that consist of the absence of anatomical knowledge. The research objective was to describe the high brachial artery bifurcation found in a cadaveric specimen from the anatomy laboratory as well as its main anatomoclinical aspects. Twenty-six upper limbs were investigated and dissected from the Universidade Brasil's Human Anatomy Laboratory, SP. These were formolized cadaveric specimens from both sexes. During upper limb dissection, arterial anatomical variations were observed in a single-arm segment. The variation was unilateral in the left hemisphere. The clinical findings were high brachial artery bifurcation and a rare case of the radial artery in the medial path, as well as an ulnar artery with a lateral path in the arm median third. It is clear that the understanding of anatomy and anatomical variations patterns is of utmost importance and a requirement for surgery, so surgeons need to be aware of clinical, anatomical, and arterial variations data, avoiding vascular lesions during the surgical interventions. Dissection is an important learning tool for students and resident doctors. It is suggested the use of dissection as a pedagogical resource to acquire skills in surgeries during internship and also to improve the anatomical variation cognition of upper limbs.

scholarly journals A cadaveric study of brachial artery and its variations with its ontogenic basis: An Anatomical Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 7844-7850
Author(s):  
Monika Lalit ◽  
◽  
Sanjay Piplani ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Ulnar Artery ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Morphological Pattern ◽  
Superficial Brachial Artery ◽  
Interosseous Artery ◽  
Cubital Fossa

Introduction: Conventional knowledge of the brachial artery, the principal artery of the upper limb & its branches has played a major role in vascular surgeries. Literature along with various cadaveric & clinical studies suggest that brachial artery vary widely in origin, course and branching pattern. The great variability of this arterial pattern may be attributed to the failure of regression of some paths of embryonic arterial trunks. Anatomical knowledge of this principal artery and its variations has many clinical implications especially in surgeries related to orthopedic and vascular re-constructive procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was conducted on 56 upper limbs of different age group and sex (19 Male and 9 Female) The brachial arteries were identified and branching pattern and relations of the brachial artery with brachial plexus in arm was observed and presence or absence of variations were documented. Results: Out of 56 upper limbs studies, 53 (94.64%) limbs showed normal morphological pattern of brachial artery, 3 (5.35%) limbs showed superficial brachial artery, 1 limb (1.78%) showed tortuous and SBA with trifurcation into radial artery, ulnar artery and common interosseous artery in the cubital fossa. Conclusion: The study of Brachial artery and variation in its course and branching pattern is clinically important for surgeons, ortho-paedicians operating on the supracondylar fracture of humerus and radiologists performing angiographic studies on the upper limb. KEY WORDS: Common Interosseous Artery, Median Nerve, Superficial Brachial Artery, Trifurcation, Ulnar Artery.

scholarly journals Bilateral high origin of terminal branches of brachial artery : a case report

2014 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 162-165
Author(s):  
Amitav Sarma ◽  
Bishwajeet Saikia
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Main Trunk ◽  
Pronator Teres ◽  
Superficial Branch ◽  
Interosseous Artery ◽  
Cubital Fossa ◽  
Developmental Variations

AbstractA case of bilateral high termination of brachial artery was found during a cadaveric dissection at NEIGRIHMS, Meghalaya. The brachial artery of both arms in the upper 113rd divided into supericial and deep branches, the superficial artery was observed anteromedial and the deep artery posteromedial in relation to the median nerve. In the cubital fossa, the deep artery passed beneath the pronator teres muscle to give common interosseous artery which divided into anterior and posterior interosseous branches. The main trunk followed normal ulnar arterial course. In both the arms, the superficial branch of brachial artery remained lateral to the median nerve to reach the cubital fossa where it passed deep to the bicipital aponeurosis and descended just beneath the brachioradials muscle, following the normal course of radial artery. These developmental variations were thoroughly discussed and compared with previously published findings with their clinical importance.

scholarly journals Accessory head of biceps brachii muscle in North Indian cadavers

2015 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 030-034
Author(s):  
Gurbachan Singh Gindha ◽  
Anand Kumar Sharma ◽  
Ratesh Kumar Munjal
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Biceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
Formaldehyde Solution ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Third ◽  
Long Head ◽  
The Right ◽  
Large Muscle

Abstract Background and aims : The biceps brachii is the large muscle of flexor compartment of arm. Normally it arises by two heads (long head and short head) and gets insertion in two parts (tendinous part and aponeurotic parts). The biceps brachii muscle is well known for variation in its origin. These variations can cause compression of brachial artery and median nerve which may pass deep to the accessory head of biceps brachii muscle, and can create problems for surgeons. So the surgeons should keep in mind such variations of biceps brachii muscle. The present study is to find out the variations in the origin of biceps brachii muscle. Material and methods: The present study was conducted in the department of anatomy of Gian Sagar Medical College, Ramnagar, Rajpura district Patiala (Punjab). In this study 32 human cadaveric limbs which were embalmed and fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution were used and these limbs were dissected and variations in origin of the biceps brachii muscle were noted. Results : Out of 32 limbs, 3 limbs (9.38%) were having three heads of biceps brachii muscle in its origin. The variations were found in the right limbs only. Conclusions : The knowledge of accessory head of biceps brachii muscle is important for the surgeons and troumatologists because there can be iatrogenic injury to the third head of biceps brachii muscle.

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