scholarly journals Life cycle of Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-234
Author(s):  
Carlos Rosario ◽  
Carlos Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Head Capsule Width ◽  
Larval Length

The life cycle of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), the worst pest of cabbage in Puerto Rico, was studied. Description of the stages, including measurements of the larva (body length and head capsule width), and duration of the stages are given. The average duration in days of the egg, larva, prepupa, pupa and adult was 3, 11.7 (4 instars), 1, 3.6 and 11.1, respectively. Larval length and head capsule width in mm for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th instar was 1.2, 2.1, 3.7, 7.0 and 0.15, 0.24, .40, 0.56, respectively.

scholarly journals Notes on the Life Cycle of the Tobacco Hornworm, Manduca sexta (L.) (Lepidoptera; Sphingidae), in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Rafael Inglés Casanova ◽  
Silverio Medina Gaud
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Tobacco Hornworm ◽  
Head Capsule Width ◽  
Leaf Consumption

The life cycle of the sphingid moth, Manduca sexta (L.), the tobacco hornworm, was investigated in Puerto Rico. Descriptions of the stages, including measurements of the egg (length and width), larva (length and head capsule width), pupa (length), and the duration of each of the stages are given. The estimated leaf consumption by each larval instar, a list of known host plants, and the natural enemies known to occur in Puerto Rico are included.

scholarly journals Pharmacological Properties of the Type 1 Tyramine Receptor in the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haihao Ma ◽  
Qingting Huang ◽  
Xiaoyi Lai ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Hang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Intracellular Camp ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Hek 293 ◽  
Physiological Regulation ◽  
Spatial Differences

Tyramine receptors (TARs) can be activated by tyramine (TA) or octopamine (OA) and have been shown to be related to physiological regulation (e.g., gustatory responsiveness, social organization, and learning behavior) in a range of insect species. A tyramine receptor gene in Plutella xylostella, Pxtar1, was cloned and stably expressed in the HEK-293 cell line. Pharmacological properties and expression profile of Pxtar1 were also analyzed. Tyramine could activate the PxTAR1 receptor, increasing the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ((Ca2+)i) at an EC50 of 13.1 nM and reducing forskolin (10 μM)-stimulated intracellular cAMP concentration ((cAMP)i) at an IC50 of 446 nM. DPMF (a metabolite of amitraz) and L(-)-carvone (an essential oil) were found to act as PxTAR1 receptor agonists. Conversely, yohimbine and mianserin had significant antagonistic effects on PxTAR1. In both larvae and adults, Pxtar1 had the highest expression in the head capsule and expression of Pxtar1 was higher in male than in female reproductive organs. This study reveals the temporal and spatial differences and pharmacological properties of Pxtar1 in P. xylostella and provides a strategy for screening insecticidal compounds that target PxTAR1.

LARVAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF ARGIA VIVIDA (ODONATA: COENAGRIONIDAE) IN WARM SULPHUR POOLS AT BANFF, ALBERTA

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (12) ◽  
pp. 1563-1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Pritchard ◽  
Brian Pelchat
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Vernal Equinox ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Head Capsule Width ◽  
Major Shift

AbstractSamples of a population of Argia vivida Hagen larvae were taken at about monthly intervals from a series of warm sulphur pools at Banff, Alberta, from June 1973 to December 1974. Changes in head capsule width and wing pad length in field-collected and laboratory-reared specimens show that the life-cycle is univoltine. Only the final (Z) instar can be recognized with certainty, but methods are described whereby the population can be divided into size classes which are thought to correspond well with the last nine larval instars. Periods of rapid growth occur in the autumn and again in the spring. Larvae overwinter in the instars U, V, W, X, and Y and the major shift to the final instar occurs in March and April. Adults emerge from April to August. In the laboratory, growth is temperature dependent until the penultimate (Y) instar and this could be a factor in the field since, although larvae can exist year-round at a constant 26 °C, some larvae live in the cooler areas at the edges of the streams and pools. Entry to the final instar appears to require the long photoperiods that follow the vernal equinox.

LIFE CYCLE OF LAMBDINA ATHASARIA (WALKER) (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE) DEVELOPING ON HEMLOCK IN CONNECTICUT

1996 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 995-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris T. Maier ◽  
Carol R. Lemmon
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Tsuga Canadensis ◽  
Eastern Hemlock ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Larval Size ◽  
Head Capsule Width

AbstractDuring 1992 and 1993, we studied the life cycle of Lambdina athasaria (Walker) developing on eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière, in Connecticut. The geometrid was univoltine, overwintering as a pupa. Adults emerged during 4 weeks in May and June after hemlock budbreak. Males emerged significantly earlier than females, and both sexes emerged earlier in 1993 than in 1992. Males flew for 4–5 weeks annually. Based on measurements of head capsule width, larvae had five or six instars, which fed from June to October. Early instars ate new growth, and older ones fed on old growth. Until mid-August, larval development was more advanced in 1993 than in 1992. Larvae descended from trees in September and October to pupate in the duff beneath trees. Lambdina athasaria can be distinguished from congeneric species that feed on conifers by its overwintering stage, flight period, larval size, and host.

scholarly journals Influence of Sweetpotato Resin Glycosides on the Life Cycle of the Diamondback Moth

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 606a-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.K. Peterson ◽  
D.M. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Lifetime Fecundity ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
Sublethal Doses

Resin glycosides extracted from sweetpotato skins were bioassayed for their effects on survival, development, and fecundity of diamondback moths, Plutella xylostella (L.). Glycosides were incorporated into an artificial diet (Bio-Serv, Inc.) and fed to diamondback larvae. Neonatals were individually fed artificial diet with 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50, and 2.00 mg·mL-1. There were highly significant negative correlations between glycoside levels and survival as well as weight of survivors after 6 days. A significant positive relationship existed between dosages and development time. Lifetime fecundity was negatively affected at sublethal doses. The glycosides are viewed as contributors to resistance to the wireworm, Diabrotica and Systena insect complex.

Life history and larval density of Cheumatopsyche digitata Mosely (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) in Opa Reservoir spillway, Ile-Ife, southwestern Nigeria

Zoosymposia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 401-407
Author(s):  
SYLVESTER OGBOGU ◽  
WILLIAMS ADU
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Head Capsule Width ◽  
Site Density

The life history and density of Cheumatopsyche digitata Mosely (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) were examined below Opa Reservoir in Ile-Ife, southwestern Nigeria. This caddisfly is the only species that occurs immediately below the impoundment auxiliary spillway where it closely associates with an aquatic bryophyte, Fontinalis sp. We collected larvae every month between July 2004 and June 2005 as long as larvae were available in the study site. The instar growth ratio was fairly constant and ranged from 1.198 to 1.402 (mean ± standard error = 1.285 ± 0.073) but mean head capsule width increased with larval development. The frequency distribution of head capsule width of larvae clustered into 5 size classes, suggesting 5 larval instars for C. digitata in the study site. Density of larvae ranged from 1,100 to 11,150 inds.m-2 (mean ± SE = 6739  inds.m-2 ± 3904.70), the highest densities occurring in October 2004 during the bloom of Fontinalis. The first larval instar appeared in July 2004. Adult emergence occurred mainly in December 2004 through January 2005 at the onset of reservoir draw-down and death of Fontinalis. These patterns indicate that C. digitata tended to show a univoltine life cycle in the study site.

THE NUMBER OF LARVAL STAGES OF THYMELICUS LINEOLA (LEPIDOPTERA: HESPERIIDAE) IN EASTERN CANADA

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (12) ◽  
pp. 1293-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy N. McNeil
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Head Capsule Width ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Erroneous Interpretation

AbstractUsing Dyar’s Law the number of larval stages in the life cycle of the European skipper, Thymelicus lineola, was determined in Quebec (1974, 1975, 1976), Ontario (1976), and Prince Edward Island (1976). In all regions five larval stages were observed, as in Europe, and not six as previously reported in Ontario. Apparently in this latter case an erroneous interpretation of the significant differences existing between the sexes (relating to head capsule width and developmental time) resulted in male and female fifth stage larvae being considered as fifth and sixth stages respectively.

The larva and pupa of Potamyia flavata (Banks 1934) (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae): Description, life cycle, and notes on its biology

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4394 (3) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
WITWISITPONG MANEECHAN ◽  
PHASSAWAT KRUTTHA ◽  
TAENG ON PROMMI
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Filamentous Algae ◽  
Gut Content Analysis ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Head Capsule Width

The immature and adult stages of Potamyia flavata Banks 1934 were sampled in seven sampling sites in streams of western Thailand. The samples were collected in February, May, and December 2015 using hand picking. A total of 2,133 individuals of larvae were collected. The larva and pupa of Po. flavata are described and illustrated. Larvae have five instars. The head capsule width of the first to the fifth instar larvae were 0.20–0.29, 0.30–0.39, 0.40–0.59, 0.60–0.79, and 0.80–1.15 mm, respectively. Gut content analysis revealed that larvae are omnivorous filterers. The guts of the larvae contained mainly diatoms and green algae followed by filamentous algae, detritus, and arthropod fragments.       

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