scholarly journals Fungi associated with onion (Allium cepa L.) fields in southern Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 88 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Lorraine Vélez ◽  
Lydia I. Rivera ◽  
Rocío del P. Rodríguez ◽  
Irma Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Common Genus ◽  
Penicillium Spp

A survey was conducted in experimental and commercial onion (Allium cepa L.) fields in the southern region of Puerto Rico to isolate and identify fungi associated with this crop. Fungi were isolated from air, soil, and tissue from leaves and bulbs that showed typical disease symptoms. Commercial seeds from three onion cultivars commonly used in Puerto Rico were examined. Overall, Aspergillus niger was the fungus most frequently isolated from soil, bulbs and seeds. Fusarium spp. and Penicillium spp. were frequently isolated from air; A. niger, Fusarium and Cladosporium, from soil; and A. niger, Penicillium and Sclerotium rolfsii, from bulbs. In onion foliage, Alternaria was the most common genus, followed by Stemphylium and Nigrospora. In commercial onion seeds, A. niger and Rhizopus in combination were the most frequent.

Responses of four shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum Group) cultivars to moler disease (Fusarium spp.) after bulb treatment

2016 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
A. Wibowo ◽  
E. Kaeni ◽  
T. Toekidjo ◽  
S. Subandiyah ◽  
E. Sulistyaningsih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Allium Cepa L

scholarly journals Assessment of Microplastic Degrading Potential of Fungal Isolates from an Estuary in Rivers State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Janet Olufunmilayo Williams ◽  
Nosayame Thomas Osahon
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Tremendous Importance ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Penicillium Spp

The potential of fungi as bio degraders of micro plastic particles was assessed using standard microbiological and Fourier transformed Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis methods. The highest mean Total Heterotrophic fungal (THF) count of 4.24x104 cfu/ml was obtained with the least THF (2.72x104 cfu/ml) recorded during the dry season. Mean hydrocarbon Utilizing Fungal (HUF) count was highest (1.78x104 cfu/ml) during the wet period while the least HUF count (1.46x104 cfu/ml) was recorded during the dry period. Spectra of FTIR showed that the water contained microplastic particles in these proportions; polyethylene of low density (LDPE) 0.01%, 0.11% protein, 0.15% polystyrene, 0.37% polyamide, 1.14% cellulose, 1.21% polyurethane, 1.90% polyvinyl chloride, 3.11% polyester and 92% polypropylene, respectively. Species of fungi identified were Aspergillus niger, Penicillium spp., Rhizopus spp., Mucor spp., Aspergillus nidulans, Fusarium spp., Microsporum canis, and Aspergillus fumigatus. Among the fungal isolates, A. niger and A. fumigatus were most active in degrading the micro plastic (polypropylene) with mean % weight loss of 71.09% and 53.09%, respectively while the least active was Penicillium spp. with a mean % weight loss of 28.64% during the study period. The order of degradation was Aspergillus niger > A. fumigatus > A. nidulans > Fusarium spp. > Rhizopus spp. > Microsporum canis > Mucor spp. > Penicillium spp. The potential to degrade micro plastic particles by these fungi can be harnessed. The foremost active fungi degrading potentials are as follows: A. niger (71.1%) and A. fumigatus (53.1%). The study has shown that isolates of fungi from Ohiakwu River in Nigeria possess the ability to degrade micro plastic (polypropylene) particles. Therefore, this research is of tremendous importance for industrial development and additionally for future research purposes.

scholarly journals FIRST REPORT OF BIG ONION FLOWER MOLD CAUSED BY Aspergillus niger on Allium cepa L. in SRI LANKA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.M.K. Fernando ◽  
◽  
R.S.W. Wijeratnam ◽  
D.M.J.B. Senanayaka ◽  
C.M. Nanayakkara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
First Report ◽  
Allium Cepa L

Bacteria occurring in onion (Allium cepa L.) foliage in Puerto Rico.

1969 ◽  
pp. 199-219
Author(s):  
Juan Calle-Bellido ◽  
Lydia I. Rivera-Vargas ◽  
Myrna Alameda ◽  
Irma Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Burkholderia Glumae ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Leaf Tissues

Bacteria associated with foliar symptoms of onion (Allium cepa L.) were examined in the southern region of Puerto Rico from January through April 2004. Different symptoms were observed in onion foliage of cultivars 'Mercedes' and 'Excalibur' at Juana Díaz and Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico. Ellipsoidal sunken lesions with soft rot and disruption of tissue were the most common symptoms observed in onion foliage in field conditions. From a total of 39 bacterial strains isolated from diverse symptoms in onion foliage, 38% were isolated from soft rotting lesions. Ninety-two percent of the bacteria isolated from onion foliage was Gram negative. Pantoea spp. with 25%, was the most frequently isolated genus, followed by Pasteurella spp. and Serratia rubidae with 10% each. Fifty- six percent of the strains held plant pathogenic potential; these strains belong to the genera Acidovorax sp., Burkholderia sp., Clavibacter sp., Curtobacterium sp., Enterobacter sp., Pantoea spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Xanthomonas spp. Pathogenicity tests showed that seven out of eight tested bacterial strains evaluated under field conditions caused symptoms in onion foliage for both cultivars. Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli, Burkholderia glumae, Pantoea agglomerans, P. dispersa, Pseudomonas sp., Xanthomonas sp., and Xanthomonas-Wke sp. were pathogenic to leaf tissues. Clavibacter michiganensis was not pathogenic to leaf tissues. Other bacteria identified as associated with onion leaf tissue were Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens, Cytophaga sp., Enterobacter cloacae, Flavimonas oryzihabitans, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pantoea stewartii, Pasteurella anatis, P. bettyae, P. langaaensis, Photobacterium damselae, Pseudomonas syringae pv. aptata, Rhizobium radiobacter, Serratia rubidae, Sphingobacterium spiritivorum, Sphingomonas sanguinis, and an unknown strain. This paper is the first survey of bacteria associated with onion foliage in Puerto Rico. The role of non- phytopathogenic bacteria associated with the life cycle of onion under field conditions remains unknown.

scholarly journals An investigation into the microbial infestation of poultry feeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
MZ Alam ◽  
M Ashrafuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Fungal Population ◽  
Fungal Flora ◽  
Poultry Feeds ◽  
Penicillium Spp ◽  
Feed Samples

The Experiments were carried out during the period of July 2001 to December 2002. Infestation of poultry feeds by fungi and aflatoxins content in feeds were determined. Ten feed samples were collected from ten different farms located in three different areas of Bangladesh. Five different fungal species belonging four genera were detected which were Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium spp, Rhizopus stolonifer and Penicillium spp. Among them Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger were found in all the feed samples and the rest were occasionally found. Effect of storage and moisture content of feeds were studied for determining the influence on occurrence of fungal flora in feeds. Higher the storing period of feed along with higher moisture content resulted superior incidences of fungal population in stored feeds. Studied on storage practice with 4 duration of F1 sample revealed that the presence of aflatoxins were 30.52ppb, 33.36ppb, 37.32ppb and 48.35ppb of 5, 10, 15 and 20 days after production of feeds, respectively.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 79-86, June 2015

scholarly journals Study of fungical conjunctival microbiota of students from the Health Sciences area of the Centro Universitário de Volta Redonda - UniFOA.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Aurilio Garcia ◽  
Jobson Bortot ◽  
Marco Antônio Ferraz ◽  
Lívia Mota ◽  
Tassius Borsatto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Sabouraud Dextrose Agar ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Os autores avaliaram o perfil da microbiota conjuntival fúngica de estudantes da área das Ciências da Saúde do Centro Universitário de Volta Redonda – UniFOA. Foram estudados 200 acadêmicos, sendo 100 pertencentes ao ciclo básico, com restrição ao ambiente hospitalar, e 100 do ciclo clínico, com efetivo contato. O material foi coletado do saco conjuntival e semeado em meio de cultura Sabouraud-dextrose-agar, e mantido em temperatura ambiente.As culturas foram positivas em 26 alunos, correspondendo a 13% do total examinado. Foram isolados os seguintes fungos: 7 (26,92%) Candida albicans, 5 (19,23%) Rhodotorula spp., 6 (23,07%) Penicillium spp., 3 (11,53%) Aspergillus niger, 3 (11,53%) Fusarium spp., e 2 (7,69%) Aspergillus fumigatus. Este resultado é compatível com a maioria dos estudos anteriores realizados por outros autores.

scholarly journals Screening of New Mexico Autumn-sown Onions for Black Mold Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 719-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neel Kamal ◽  
Ashish Saxena ◽  
Robert L. Steiner ◽  
Christopher S. Cramer
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Black Mold ◽  
Mold Resistance

Black mold, caused by the fungus Aspergillus niger, is one of the major postharvest onion (Allium cepa) diseases causing qualitative and quantitative losses. To screen autumn-sown onion cultivars for black mold resistance, 12 cultivars were sown in 2004 and 2005 in Las Cruces, NM. Percent sporulated area, disease severity, and disease incidence were recorded after 2 and 4 weeks of storage. ‘Texas Early White’ exhibited less disease symptoms than other cultivars tested. For all cultivars, disease symptoms in terms of severity and incidence increased as bulbs were stored for longer periods of time.

scholarly journals Establecimiento de un protocolo para el crecimiento y multiplicación de Setophoma terrestris y Fusarium spp. provenientes de un cultivo de cebolla (Allium cepa L)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol López-Courrau ◽  
William Rivera-Méndez ◽  
Jaime Brenes-Madriz ◽  
Claudia Zúñiga-Vega
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Setophoma Terrestris

La cebolla (Allium cepa L.) ocupa el segundo lugar de consumo de hortalizas en el mundo y en Costa Rica, en el 2015, se cultivaron 1633,6 ha aproximadamente. Este cultivo se puede ver afectado por la presencia de fitopatógenos, especialmente los hongos que atacan las raíces como Setophoma terrestris, que ocasiona la enfermedad conocida como raíz rosada, y el género Fusarium spp. que provoca la podredumbre basal. El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en establecer un protocolo para la optimización del crecimiento y la multiplicación de S. terrestris y Fusarium spp. en medio líquido, para facilitar su identificación, manipulación y trabajos experimentales posteriores. Para esto se realizó la evaluación de diferentes parámetros físicos (pH, temperatura, velocidad de agitación y fotoperiodo) y de distintos medios de cultivo. Los medios analizados para Fusarium spp. fueron papa dextrosa casero y comercial, avena, V8, SNA, Sabouraud dextrosa y agua. En S. terrestris se evaluaron papa dextrosa comercial y casero, avena, vainica, medio mínimo y agua. Las diferencias de los tratamientos se determinaron mediante un análisis de varianza y la prueba Tukey. Se concluyó que Fusarium spp. crece óptimamente a 30°C, pH 6, 100 rpm y oscuridad, mientras que S. terrestris lo hace a 28°C, pH 4, 100 rpm. En este último, el crecimiento en oscuridad afectó positivamente el incremento de biomasa, mientras que la luz continua indujo el desarrollo de estructuras reproductivas. El medio de cultivo idóneo para S. terrestris fue el de vainica para reproducción y papa dextrosa casero para biomasa, y para Fusarium spp. fue papa dextrosa casero para ambos procesos (biomasa y reproducción).

scholarly journals ATIVIDADE DE BIOEXTRATOS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PHOMOPSIS PHASEOLI VAR. SOJAE, FUSARIUM SP. E NO TRATAMENTO DE SEMENTES DE SOJA

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos Pascuali ◽  
José Wilson Pires Carvalho ◽  
Aniele Arvani Souza ◽  
Larissa Regina Ballerini Gonçales ◽  
Armando da Silva Filho
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Phomopsis Phaseoli

As doenças de plantas são responsáveis por perdas econômicas em todos os cultivos, afetam as plantas no campo e as sementes durante o armazenamento. Diferentes técnicas de controle de patógenos são utilizadas para minimizar impactos negativos, entre elas têm-se usado bioextratos, os quais se apresentam como alternativas desejáveis comparados ao controle químico convencional. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a atividade antifúngica in vitro e in vivo de extratos de pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas L.), cipreste (Cupressus sp.) e tiririca (Cyperus rotundus L.), alho (Allium sativum L.) cebola (Allium cepa L.) e gengibre (Zingiber officinalis L.) com diferentes processos de elaboração, contra Phomopsis phaseoli var. sojae, Fusarium sp., e a influência na germinação e no vigor de sementes de soja. Os bioextratos foram preparados utilizando-se 40 g de plantas (in natura e seco a 55± 2°C) e solução água-metanol (1:3). Os extratos, após filtrados e evaporado o álcool, foram divididos em duas frações, uma delas foi autoclavada e ambas aplicadas nos isolados de culturas puras e diretamente nas sementes de soja. A secagem promoveu melhora na eficiência dos bioextratos de alho, cebola e gengibre no controle in vitro de Phomopsis phaseoli var. sojae enquanto que os de cipestre e pinhão manso foram menos efetivos. A autoclavagem resultou em perda da capacidade fungitóxica do bioextrato de alho, enquanto no de cebola afetou negativamente o vigor das sementes a 10% v/v. O extrato de alho seco não autoclavado controlou eficientemente o desenvolvimento de Phomopsis phaseoli var. sojae in vitro. Os demais bioextratos não apresentaram eficiência significativa no controle dos patógenos. Todos os bioextratos conferiram à semente de soja índice de germinação inferior quando comparado ao tratamento com Carbendazin+Tiran. O bioextrato de cebola, gengibre ambos in natura não autoclavado e de tiririca desidratada não autoclavado melhoraram significativamente o percentual de plântulas normais, comparado à testemunha. Entretanto, os bioextratos não diminuíram a contaminação das sementes por Fusarium spp. e Phomopsis phaseoli var. sojae. Portanto, o processo de autoclavagem é uma etapa importante podendo afetar de maneira diferente a eficiência dos bioextratos estudados, assim como o processo de secagem da matéria vegetal antes da preparação dos bioextratos.

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