scholarly journals Rice Farmer Risk Management by Cropping Pattern Diversification in Rural West Java: Motivation, Behavior, and Perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Dadang Jainal Mutaqin ◽  
Koichi Usami
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
West Java ◽  
Agricultural Insurance ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Rice Farmer ◽  
Risk Coping

The Indonesian government have implemented agricultural production cost insurance since 2015 called Asuransi Usaha Tani Padi (AUTP). It is an issue that the rate of farmer participation in the insurance is still low. As a challenge to increase participation, it becomes important to be aware of motivation, behavior, and perception that influence the practical risk management of farmers. This study investigated the relationship between cropping pattern diversification (as risk management) and factors such as motivation, behavior, and perception. Based on a field survey of 240 smallholder farmers in Garut District, West Java Province, these were the characteristics of farmers who practiced cropping pattern diversification: (1) high-risk perception (impact and probability); (2) risk-averse; and (3) economic motivation. The study revealed that approximately one-third of farmers had risk-neutral and low-risk perceptions of whom approximately 70.7 percent practiced single cropping patterns. They may not adopt any risk- coping strategies unless they are aware of the risks that they face. Improving awareness about the negative impacts of risks on income from farming might encourage them to adopt risk-coping strategies for both on-farm risk coping (such as cropping pattern diversification) and off-farm risk-coping (such as agricultural insurance).

scholarly journals Sustainable Crop Production, the Concurrent Adoption of Contract Farming, and Managing Risks through Income Diversification

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 973
Author(s):  
Shoaib Akhtar ◽  
Azhar Abbas ◽  
Hazem S. Kassem ◽  
Salim Bagadeem ◽  
Raza Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
National Level ◽  
Contract Farming ◽  
Income Diversification ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Farm Work ◽  
Economic Price ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Risk Coping

This paper is aimed at evaluating the factors affecting the concurrent adoption of two risk coping strategies among hybrid maize farmers, namely income diversification supplemented with off-farm work and contract farming in the wake of changing climatic conditions. Climatic changes and food insecurity at the national level have emerged as key risk elements for hybrid maize production due to varying economic conditions. The present paper addresses these risks by examining various sources of risks faced by hybrid maize farmers and develops ideas to tackle these risks. Bivariate and multinomial probit models were employed to analyze numerous factors that influence farmers’ choice of the simultaneous adoption of income diversification (both on and off the farm) and contract farming at the farm level. The results reveal that hybrid maize farmers’ socioeconomic attributes significantly affect their adoption of risk coping tools. Similarly, the climatic, economic (price-related), biological, and financial risk perceptions and risk preference significantly influence the utilization of risk coping strategies in maize production. These outcomes extend our understanding of farmers’ risk preferences and provide parameters for policymakers to forestall diverse risk sources associated with hybrid maize production.

scholarly journals Determinants of Farmers’ Decisions on Risk Coping Strategies in Rural West Java

Climate ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Dadang Jainal Mutaqin
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
West Java ◽  
Capita Expenditure ◽  
Disaster Experience ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Risk Coping

The impact of natural hazards on agriculture in Indonesia is becoming increasingly severe. Therefore, improving farmers’ capacity to undertake risk coping strategies is essential to maintaining their prosperity. The objective of this study was to investigate the determinants of farmers’ decisions on ex ante and ex post coping strategies in rural West Java, Indonesia. The study was based on a field survey of 180 farmers conducted in the Garut district from July to October 2017. The study used the protection motivation theory framework and applied three econometric models: binomial logit model, zero truncated Poisson regression model, and multinomial logit model. Most farmers (74.4%) adopted ex ante coping strategies. They were characterized as having higher risk aversion per capita expenditure and disaster experience, but lower discount rates and percentage of damage and locations in downstream and midstream areas. Coping appraisal perceptions were found to be important factors in the risk coping analysis. Four determinants of the decision on the number of ex ante coping strategies adopted were: per capita expenditure, land size, disaster experience, and access to financial institutions. The most common ex post coping strategy adopted by farmers was the middle-stress type.

scholarly journals Coping up with the Risks and Increasing Sustainability: Strategies for Small-scale Shrimp Farming in Indonesia

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Riski Lestariadi ◽  
Masahiro Yamao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Sources Of Risks ◽  
Risk Coping

Small-scale shrimp farmers have contributed significantly in increasing shrimp production in Indonesia. However, they face various risks that resulted to high fluctuation in their income. Risk management strategies in shrimp farming are needed to cope with inherent risks in order to enhance sustainability of shrimp farming. This study analyzed the sources of risks, ex-ante risk management and ex-post risk coping strategies in small-scale shrimp farms in Indonesia. A field survey of 166 shrimp farmers was conducted in the North and South coastal zones of East Java. Results revealed that the top three sources of risks that influenced in shrimp farming were shrimp price volatility, high mortality due to diseases, and increasing formulated feed price. Requesting for government technical assistance was the common formal on farm risk management strategy used by the shrimp farmers. Sharecropping was the main ex-ante strategy to mitigate risk. Small-scale shrimp farmers tended to avail of informal loans that resulted to loss of savings. They also used family labor as informal ex-post strategy to reduce expenses. They used social assistance from the government as formal ex-post risk coping strategies.

scholarly journals Smallholder Farmers’ Formal Risk Management Services: Evidence from Southeast Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. p46
Author(s):  
Augustine Odinakachukwu Ejiogu ◽  
Nneka Maris Chidiebere-Mark ◽  
Ebenezer Okechukwu Emeribe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Agricultural Insurance ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
Agricultural Investments ◽  
External Intervention ◽  
Management Services

Smallholder farmers’ livelihood activities are mainly centred on agricultural investments which are inherently risky. The risky nature of agricultural activities is further complicated by the fact that resource-poor smallholder farmers operate in an environment with weak markets and less than satisfactory financial services. Formal risk management services hold out the expected external intervention for aiding the resource-poor farmers break out of the vicious circle of poverty. Not all formal risk management services are actually tailored to the scope the smallholder farmers. This study therefore set out to examine the formal risk management services employed by the smallholder farmers in southeast Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was adopted in selecting respondents. Out of 504 smallholder farmers selected, data were successfully collected from 494. Functional analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were used in data analysis. Results showed that 37% of the smallholder farmers employed formal risk management services; 17.68% subscribed to and utilized direct formal risk management services provided by the Nigerian Agricultural Insurance Corporation. There was a sufficiently deficient use of formal risk management services by smallholder farmers in Southeast Nigeria. It is recommended that the Nigerian Agricultural Insurance Corporation should tailor its services to the needs of the smallholder farmers.

Impact of Optimal Cropping Patterns on Incomes in a Punjab District

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-221
Author(s):  
M. Arshad Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Linear Programming ◽  
Short Note ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Punjab Province ◽  
Optimal Cropping

To improve farm incomes in developing countries, the foremost question that the farmer must address himself to is: what cropping pattern best uses the fixed resources in order to get the highest returns? During the last decade, the agricultural economists have shown great interest in applying the tools of linear programming to individual farms. Most of the studies conducted elsewhere have shown that, under existing cropping pattern, farm resources were not being utilized optimally on the small farms.[l, 4]. We conducted a survey in the canal-irrigated areas of the Punjab province of Pakistan1 to investigate into the same problem. This short note aims at identifying the opti¬mal cropping pattern and to estimate the increase in farm incomes as a result of a switch towards it on the sampled farms.

Building insurance through an NGO

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Christine Bélanger
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Crop Insurance ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
Agricultural Insurance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

Purpose – This paper is based on a crop insurance implementation currently undergoing in Haiti. The purpose of this paper is to present the development of a program tailored to rice production in the Artibonite Valley, the challenges and opportunities that are arising from the exercise as well as pitfalls and ways to avoid them. Design/methodology/approach – The Système de Financement et d’Assurances Agricoles en Haïti’s approach for the development of crop insurance is in accordance with 13 concepts considered essential in the implementation of agricultural insurance programs. The case study is presented through each of these 13 fundamental concepts. Findings – The paper provides an insight on challenges any organization will face when implementing crop insurance for smallholder farmers. It points out notably that close collaboration of executing agencies with local partners is essential from data collection through insurance development and delivery and that all participants should receive a specific training tailored to their level of education and understanding. Social implications – Haiti is one of the poorest countries on the planet. Smallholder farmers could benefit a lot from crop insurance. It could help them stabilize their income when facing crop losses due to natural hazards or uncontrollable natural events. Originality/value – This paper fulfills an identified need to share real case studies exposing challenges faced when implementing crop insurance for smallholder farmers.

Farmer’s Drought Response and Coping Strategies at Household Level in Southern Tigray, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eskinder Gidey ◽  
Tirhas Gebregergis ◽  
Woldegebrial Zeweld ◽  
Haftamu Gebretsadik ◽  
Ogaile Dikinya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Household Heads

Abstract Background Drought is one of the most damaging climate-induced threats impacting the lives of many people every year. The purpose of this study was to determine farmer’s drought coping strategies both proactive and reactive responses at household level based on the field survey in Raya Azebo and Raya Chercher districts, southern Tigray, Ethiopia. Agro–climatological based 246 households were sampled from the lowlands (36), midlands (202) and highlands (8). Multinomial logit model was used to identify best drought coping strategies. Results about 24.8% of female headed and 75.2% of male headed respondents have experienced mild to extremely severe drought in the last three decades. A significant association between the various drought severity and household heads (chi–square = 9.861, df = 3, p–value < 0.05) observed. Conclusions this study concluded that collection and saving of pasture, soil and water conservation practices, and use of weather prediction information to adjust saving and farming system are best proactive drought coping strategies. Whereas, feeding of roasted cactus for livestock, borrowing loans for running small business, selling of household assets and reduction of food consumptions are the major reactive or off–farm drought coping strategies in the study area. If the responses of smallholder farmers are not well supported by the concerned bodies, the existing disaster preparedness and early warning systems in the area might be significantly affected and its impacts will be very serious on both the livelihood of local people and natural resources in the area.

scholarly journals Nitrogen and Chicken Manure Effect on Corn Growth and Yield in Double Row Cropping Patterns

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eko Suprijono ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Cropping Patterns

Corn (Zea mays L.) is a common food and feed product in the community since it is commonly used as rice substitution as food staple. Fertilizer application is required to attain crop high yields. Plants can receive nutrients from synthetic nitrogen fertilizers (NF) during their growth cycle. However, excessive use of NF might harm the environment. Organic chicken manure (CM), on the other hand, can minimize the harmful impact of NF. Chicken manure benefits to improve the soil’s physical, chemical, and biological properties. To boost maize plant growth and productivity, might employ CM and NF. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of NF and CM on corn growth and yield. This research was conducted in Kembang Seri, Central Bengkulu, Indonesia from November 2019 to February 2020 using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor was NF doses (100, 125, and 150 %), and the second-factor consisted of CM doses (0, 10, and 20 tons/ha). Data were analyzed using ANOVA F-5%. On shoot dry weight of corn cultivated in a double row cropping pattern, there was an interaction between the dose of N and chicken manure. At 0 tons/ha, the optimum N fertilizer dose for chicken manure is 135.96 %, or 407.86 kg urea/ha. At a dose of 20 tons/ha, the optimum N fertilizer dose for chicken manure is 141.22 %, or 423.65 kg urea/ha. In a double row cropping pattern, different nitrogen fertilizer doses had no effect on corn growth and yield. The optimal dose of chicken manure was 16.65 tons/ha for plant height, 17.35 tons/ha for stem diameter, 18.89 tons/ha for leaf greenness, 17.35 tons/ha for cob length, 15.01 tons/ha for cob weight, 18.87 tons/ha for dry seed weight/plant, and 19.74 tons/ha for dry seed weight/plot.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document