scholarly journals GLOBALIZATION, GROWTH & POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN PAKISTAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-86
Author(s):  
Rummana Zaheer ◽  
Saman Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Global Institutions ◽  
The Masses

Globalization hampers the growth level of the countries, then this raising growth rate helps to improve the living standard and reduce inequalities among the masses, that finally downgrade the poverty level of the nations, is the way that global institutions favor it. The debate on rightness of the measures taken for globalization to the socioeconomic development of emerging economies is prolonged and still controversial too. This paper attempts to address the impacts of measures taken for globalization (trade liberalization)specially with reference to its benefits and harms associated to growth and poverty alleviation in Pakistan. In order to examine the effects of trade liberalization on output growth and poverty, Toda-Yamamoto Granger causality is used, by taking data of last 30 years i.e. 1985 to 2015. The empirical findings and review of literature done in the study is consistent with the judgment of prior studies as concluding the hybrid type effects of globalization to the socio-economic conditions i.e. growth and poverty, of Pakistan.

scholarly journals Multidimensional Poverty, Social Networks: Spatial Neighbourhoods on Poverty Eradication in Tumpang District, Malang Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-126
Author(s):  
Ismu Rini Dwi Ari ◽  
Budi Soegiarto Waloejo ◽  
Septiana Hariyani
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Public Facility ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index

Poverty is multidimensional problem of the development that cause human difficulties in accessing public facility and infrastructure. Along with target of SDGs regarding poverty alleviation, main aims of this research are i) measure poverty level through three dimensions – health, education and standard of living of the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), and ii) scrutinize influential variables of the poverty through Spatial Regression Analysis whereby physical as well as social variables are put it together in the model. This research would like to propose a set of research approach on how dealing with poverty in a certain area.  Area of study is Tumpang district in Malang Regency, East Java Province consist of 15 villages, wherein at about 36,61% family are receiver of the Raskin (Beras Miskin – Poor Rice) program as one of the poverty alleviation programs in Indonesia. Both field observation as well as depth interview are conducted towards 274 head of households. Result study finds out that there are five villages which have high value of MPI in Tumpang District, namely Duwet Krajan, Duwet, Benjor, Tulusbesar and Kidal, and the two dimensions – education and living standard give significant contribution to the poverty. Next, poverty in the research area has influenced by both social relations among residents within a village as well as geographical location of the nearest neighbourhoods. Then, eradication poverty is necessary to put consideration on strengthening ‘constructive’ social relations among residents through their existence community groups.

scholarly journals Role of Microfinance in Poverty Alleviation: Evidence from Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Ghafoor Awan ◽  
Muhammad Javed Iqbal Juiya
Keyword(s):  
Logit Model ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Household Poverty ◽  
The Impact

This study has empirically measured the role of microfinance in poverty alleviation and has examined its impact on household poverty level. The factors that can affect the household poverty and living standard have been investigated with innovative econometric technique that is binary logit model and ordered logit model by using Stata software. The empirical analysis of this study is based on fresh data. The data is collected through a household survey method from the rural and urban areas of district Lodhran of Pakistan. A questionnaire was developed to collect primary data which covered the household loan amount, household assets, and household expenditures. The questionnaires were distributed among 220 respondents. We selected total 19 variables: eleven variables to analyze the factors responsible for household poverty and eight variables to measure the household living standard. High value of Living standard shows high living standard and low value shows lower living standard. The empirical evidence shows that the variables such as gender, married status, chronicle diseases, purpose of loans, number of loans taken, amount of loan, Lives Stock, Monthly savings, total number of household members are found impacting poverty significantly while the impact of transport facility, years of schooling and ownership of land were found insignificant. While measuring poverty level we followed World Bank poverty line which is $ 1.25 (Rs.3750) per capita per adult monthly income and expenditure. The data shows that 137 (62.3 percent) households are living below poverty line while 83 households are living above poverty line. We find that 169 households (76.8 percent of the total sample) have good living standard while 20 households (9.1 percent) have high living standard whereas 31 households (14.1 percent), have very low living standard. JEL Classifications Code: E6

scholarly journals Effects of Remittances on Rural and Regional Poverty in the Republic of Serbia

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drinka Peković
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Additional Income

Abstract This paper examines an effect the remittances have on poverty alleviation of rural households and regions in which exist a large number of the emigrants among population. Remittances represent a significant part of additional income of the household mostly used for consumption and improvement of the living standard. Using data from Living Standards Measurement Survey 2007, an impact of the remittances on the poverty index, depth of poverty and poverty severity in the Republic of Serbia is estimated. Due to limitation of data, counterfactual household consumption is estimated in conditions of remittances absence, where the last is treated as exogenous transfer of money. The results show that remittances have a larger impact to poverty of rural households, especially to the depth and severity of poverty. According to the regions, remittances have the largest impact to the poverty level in East Serbia, but these effects on poverty depth and severity are not statistically significant. The smallest changes in the depth and severity of poverty are noticed in Sumadija.

scholarly journals Trade Liberalisation, Economic Growth and Human Resource Development in Nigeria: Causal Implications (1980-2009)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 696-707
Author(s):  
Aremo Adeleke Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Resource Development ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Trade Liberalisation ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Goods And Services

The study examined the causal links among trade liberalisation, economic growth and human resource development in Nigeria with a view to identifying the nexus connecting these three variables. Inferences of causality were drawn within the framework of Vector Auto-regression model employing techniques of analysis involving unit root test, cointegration and Granger causality tests. The findings that emerged from the analysis show that economic growth granger-caused both poverty level and trade liberalization in Nigeria. Besides, trade liberalization equally predicted poverty level. The study therefore concluded that it is desirable for government to initiate strategies that would further boost economic growth in Nigeria in order to alleviate poverty and to derive maximum benefits from trade liberalization. In addition, government should further diversify the productive base of the economy, and ensure proper integration of the key sectors of the economy to enhance output growth. In order to reduce poverty level, trade liberalization needs to be further embraced using multi-dimensional approaches such as more tariff reduction, and systematic reduction or removal of other forms of quantitative and qualitative restrictions on goods and services.

Ponna Wignaraja. Women, Poverty, and Resources. New Delhi Newbury/ London: Sage Publications. 1990.242 pp.

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-101
Author(s):  
Faiz Bilquees
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
South Asia ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Success Stories ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Rate Of Success

Poverty alleviation with reference to gender has been the focus of attention of national and international organizations since the seventies. Massive international assistance, both financial and technical, has been given for such programmes. However, the success rate of such projects has been fairly low. Two major reasons can be given for this low rate of success: (i) the projects have been imposed from the top without due regard to the local conditions, and the target group, i.e., the women, have been treated as objects rather than subjects; (ii) the donors and the implementing agencies have not always focused on the ultimate goal of sustainable development The success stories are quoted quite extensively but they have not been followed. The underlying factor behind their success was a strong faith in the capabilities of the masses at the grassroots level and the maximum use of local talent and expertise. Ponna Wignaraja has produced a wealth of infonnation by providing an in-depth review of the successful poverty alleviation projects amongst women which can lead to sustainable development in South Asia. He first analyses the successful cases in detail, and then he looks at the not very successful projects in Africa and Latin America, suggesting guidlines from specific successful projects in South Asia.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Impacts of Smallholder Farmer’s Participation in Modern Agricultural Value Chain Tactics for Facilitating Poverty Alleviation—A Case Study of Kiwifruit Industry in Shaanxi, China

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 462
Author(s):  
Hongyu Wang ◽  
Xiaolei Wang ◽  
Apurbo Sarkar ◽  
Lu Qian
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Reduction Degree ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Storage Technology

Market-based initiatives like agriculture value chain (AVC) are becoming progressively pervasive to support smallholder rural farmers and assist them in entering larger market interventions and providing a pathway of enhancing their socioeconomic well-being. Moreover, it may also foster staggering effects towards the post-era poverty alleviation in rural areas and possessed a significant theoretical and practical influence for modern agricultural development. The prime objective of the study is to explore the effects of smallholder farmers’ participation in the agricultural value chain for availing rural development and poverty alleviation. Specifically, we have crafted the assessment employing pre-production (improved fertilizers usage), in-production (modern preservation technology), and post-production (supply chain) participation and interventions of smallholder farmers. The empirical data has been collected from a micro survey dataset of 623 kiwifruit farmers from July to September in Shaanxi, China. We have employed propensity score matching (PSM), probit, and OLS models to explore the multidimensional poverty reduction impact and heterogeneity of farmers’ participation in the agricultural value chain. The results show that the total number of poor farmers who have experienced one-dimensional and two-dimensional poverty is relatively high (66.3%). We also find that farmers’ participation in agricultural value chain activities has a significant poverty reduction effect. The multidimensional poverty level of farmers using improved fertilizer, organizational acquisition, and using storage technology (compared with non-participating farmers) decreased by 30.1%, 46.5%, and 25.0%, respectively. The multidimensional poverty reduction degree of male farmers using improved fertilizer and participating in the organizational acquisition is greater than that of women. The multidimensional poverty reduction degree of female farmers using storage and fresh-keeping technology has a greater impact than the males using storage and improved storage technology. Government should widely promote the value chain in the form of pre-harvest, production, and post-harvest technology. The public–private partnership should also be strengthened for availing innovative technologies and infrastructure development.

Fragmented Responses towards Global Governance: The Indian Context

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-84
Author(s):  
Sheila Rai
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Global Institutions ◽  
Southern States ◽  
International Donor ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Donor Agencies ◽  
The Masses

The liberalisation dice of the globalisation game has been loaded in favour of developed countries. The recipe of Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) prescribed by the World Trade Organization (WTO), International Monetary Fund (IMF) and other international economic institutions has proved detrimental to developing countries like India where poverty is pervasive and scarcity of basic amenities crippling. 1 The SAP syndrome has manifested in lockouts, industrial takeovers, closures, massive retrenchments and weakening/diluting of labour laws, etc. Service sectors such as hospitals and schools have also been adversely affected under pressures from international donor agencies. The unsavoury social and economic consequences on the marginal sections have therefore led to a series of protests and demonstrations. The struggle in all its complexities is both ideological and practical. Pressure to alter the pace and intensity of liberalisation, and change ‘scorecards’ of growth, security and redistribution have gained momentum. The propensity of the elite to coalesce with the predominant forces of globalisation and ignore the basic urges of the masses further adds to the complexities. Evidently, the cataclysmic change augured by global governance on the society, politics and economics is multifaceted. The response of the southern states, namely, India, to this crossfire between the dictates of the global institutions vis-à-vis the complexities of the protests and demands of the classes and masses has been critically analysed in this article. The ongoing attempts to assuage the brutal edges of poverty and provide security and protection are also scrutinised.

scholarly journals The Roles of Determinants of Self-employment: A Mediation of Entrepreneurial Motivation in Bauchi State, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adamu ◽  
Mahani Bint Mohammad Abdu Shakur
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Entrepreneurial Motivation ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
Developed Nations

Today, the problem of unemployment has been a global issue, even among the developed nations, and especially the developing nations. For this reason, the need for employment generation becomes desirably indispensable. The aim of this research work is to examine the essential roles that entrepreneurial traits and economic incentive factors would play with the mediation of entrepreneurial motivation for an effective self-employment start-up accomplishment. Self-employment has long been recognized as an alternative for individuals to become self-reliant. Thus, this is expected brings about a reduction in poverty level,  improved living standard as well as to earn more income and have a better career as a means of sustenance for potential entrepreneurs.  For this purpose, it is essentially important to make an examination of certain vital factors, which may constitute the basics necessary to effect self-employment particularly from the context of entrepreneurial traits and economic incentive factors that would motivate the potential entrepreneurs to achieve success in self-employment start-up.

scholarly journals A look-back to the relationship between economic growth and social equality in Vietnam thirty years after the renovation

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Tinh Phu Tran Do ◽  
Duyen My Pham ◽  
Huyen Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Nen Van Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Social Equity ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Health Care Education ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Look Back ◽  
The Relationship

This paper focuses on analyzing the achievements and limitations of Vietnam in the implementation of social equity in the economic growth process after the renovation in 1986. Economic growth generated capital to invest in social welfare, more income and opportunities for people to enjoy a prosperous life. However, besides above achievements, there still remain many limitations, such as: unsustainable development in income, living standard and poverty alleviation; low quality of health care, education and entertainment services. Based on the analysis of the causes of the limitations, this paper proposed the orientations for solving the relationship between the economic growth and social equality in Vietnam in the future.

scholarly journals Does inflation targeting matter for output growth? Evidence from industrial and emerging economies

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Varella Mollick ◽  
René Cabral ◽  
Francisco G. Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Inflation Targeting ◽  
Output Growth
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document