scholarly journals PHOTOPROTECTIVE, CYTOTOXIC AND PHOTOMODIFYING ACTIVITY OF LICHEN BIOMASS NON-POLAR FRACTIONS AGAINST HUMAN KERATINOCYTE (HaCAT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Volga M. Khramchankova ◽  
◽  
Matsvei V. Matveyenkau ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Hypogymnia Physodes ◽  
Evernia Prunastri ◽  
Human Keratinocyte ◽  
Xanthoria Parietina ◽  
Benzene Extract

In vitro, the photoprotective, cytotoxic and photomodifying properties of hexane and benzene extracts from the widely distributed in Belarus lichens Cladonia arbuscula, Evernia prunastri, Hypogymnia physodes, Ramalina pollinaria and Xanthoria parietina in the culture of human keratinocytes (HaCAT), are estimated. It was found that these extracts are not photoprotective, they have a photomodifying effect upon irradiation of keratinocyte cultures with ultraviolet light. Hexane extract of E. prunastri and benzene extracts of R. pollinaria and H. physodes at a concentration of 2.5 μg/ml are photoprotectors that weaken the effect of ultraviolet radiation by 1.6 ÷ 1.8 times. Extracts of C. arbuscula and X. parietina are photosensitizers – they increase the toxic effect of ultraviolet radiation by 10 or more times, regardless of the concentration of the extract in the nutrient medium. Hexane and benzene extracts of C. arbuscula and H. physodes lichens are cytotoxic to the HaCAT culture. With an increase in the dose of ultraviolet irradiation of keratinocytes from zero to lethal values, the benzene extract of R. pollinaria acted as a photoprotector at a concentration of 2.5 μg / ml, and as a photosensitizer at higher concentrations. The hexane and benzene extracts of E. prunastri and H. physodes exhibited sensitizing properties that increased with an increase in the concentration of lichen extracts. C. arbuscula hexane extract and X. parietina benzene extract were the most potent photosensitizers.

scholarly journals Testing of resveratrol microemulsion photostability and protective effect against UV induced oxidative stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaida Juškaitė ◽  
Kristina Ramanauskienė ◽  
Vitalis Briedis
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Biological Testing ◽  
Human Keratinocyte ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
Rate Profile

Abstract Resveratrol is well known for its antioxidant activity and susceptibility to ultraviolet radiation. Development of formulations providing improved stability and relevant drug delivery of resveratrol is still a challenging task. The aim of this study was to determine protective characteristics of formulated microemulsions by evaluating photoisomerization of resveratrol and to investigate the effects of resveratrol on human keratinocyte cells under oxidative stress caused by ultraviolet radiation. Incorporation of resveratrol into microemulsions resulted in increased photostability of active compounds and the results demonstrated that photodegradation of resveratrol was significantly delayed. Results of biopharmaceutical evaluation in vitro demonstrated that up to 60 % of resveratrol was released from microemulsions within 6 hours under a constant release rate profile. In vivo biological testing confirmed the ability of resveratrol to protect cells from oxidative stress and to increase cell viability. It was concluded that microemulsions might be considered in the development of UV light sensitive compounds.

scholarly journals Техногенный ландшафт как средоточие разнообразия редких видов лишайников в Центральном Черноземье

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Evgeniya E. Muchnik ◽  
Nikolaj I. Zolotukhin ◽  
Nikolaj I. Degtyarev
Keyword(s):  
Hypogymnia Physodes ◽  
Evernia Prunastri ◽  
Parmelia Sulcata ◽  
Pseudevernia Furfuracea ◽  
Xanthoria Parietina

Цель – первое лихенологическое обследование техногенных отвалов Михайловского горно-обогатительного комбината (Железногорский район, Курская область) с прилегающими природными и урбанизированными территориями. Материалы и методы. Сборы материалов проводились маршрутным методом в течение 2017 и 2019-2020 годов, камеральная обработка осуществлялась с применением общепринятых лихенологических методик. Идентифицированные образцы хранятся в гербариях Центрально-Черноземного заповедника им. проф. В. В. Алехина и Станции юных натуралистов г. Железногорска. Результаты и обсуждение. Выявленная лихенобиота включает 88 видов (преимущественно макролишайников, вследствие методики сбора) из 38 родов, 18 семейств. Наиболее распространенные, металл-толерантные виды: геоплезные Cladonia fimbriata, C. coniocraea, эпигеидные C. rei, C. mitis, C. cornuta, C. furcata, C. phyllophora и C. gracilis, эпифито-эпиксильные Evernia prunastri, Parmelia sulcata, Xanthoria parietina, Hypogymnia physodes и Physcia adscendens. Составлен аннотированный список в различной степени редких видов, среди которых 4 новых для Центрального Черноземья (Cladonia cervicornis, Dibaeis baeomyces, Usnea dasopoga, U. lapponica); 5 новых для Курской области (Bryoria fuscescens, Cladonia carneola, C. deformis, Melanohalea septentrionalis, Peltigera extenuata); 6 занесенных в Красную книгу Курской области (Cladonia subrangiformis, C. subulata, Peltigera praetextata, Platismatia glauca, Pseudevernia furfuracea и Usnea subfloridana); еще 5 редки в области или на более обширных территориях (Acarospora veronensis, Protoparmeliopsis muralis, Ramalina pollinaria, Trapelia coarctata, Usnea hirta). Сосредоточение значительного числа редких видов в техногенных ландшафтах, по-видимому, обусловлено рядом причин: наличием крупных выходов редкого в области и Центральном Черноземье субстрата (ожелезненного песчаника); слабой конкуренцией со стороны сосудистых растений на бедных и обогащенных металлами почвах и грунтах; ботанико-географическим положением территории; спецификой локального загрязнения среды, представленного преимущественно «кислыми» поллютантами и частицами металлов. Заключение. Отмечена приуроченность регионально редких кустистых и листоватых эпифитов из экологической группы ацидофилов к насаждениям березы в изученных техногенных ландшафтах. Предложены некоторые меры охраны выявленных редких видов лишайников.

Induction of Metalloproteinase 9 Secretion from Human Keratinocytes by Pleuran (β-Glucan from Pleurotus ostreatus)

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 597-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Majtán ◽  
Pawan Kumar ◽  
Ján Koller ◽  
Jana Dragúńová ◽  
Ján Gabriž
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Natural Defense ◽  
Human Keratinocyte ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

Glucan preparations, primarily modifi ed water-soluble glucans, are involved in the activation of the body’s natural defense mechanisms and in the acceleration of the skin’s wound-healing processes. Pleuran, an insoluble β-D-glucan in hydrogel form, offers a natural alternative to more common chemically derivated soluble β-D-glucans. Pleuran was applied to human keratinocyte primary cultures, and after 24 h of incubation the release of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) by stimulated keratinocytes was detected using gelatine zymography. There was a concentration-dependent increase in pro-MMP-9 release after treatment with pleuran over the concentration range of 2 to 200 μg/ml, but pro-MMP-2 was detected at a constant level. Moreover, the active forms of both MMPs were not detectable, indicating that in vitro autoactivation of these zymogens did not occur. The results indicate that pleuran is a potent keratinocyte stimulator of pro- MMP-9 release, which implies its application in dermatological therapies

scholarly journals Cytokine secretion profiles of human keratinocytes during Trichophyton tonsurans and Arthroderma benhamiae infections

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1175-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Shiraki ◽  
Yoshio Ishibashi ◽  
Masataro Hiruma ◽  
Akemi Nishikawa ◽  
Shigaku Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Cytokine Secretion ◽  
Antibody Array ◽  
Trichophyton Tonsurans ◽  
Cytokine Profiles ◽  
Arthroderma Benhamiae ◽  
Human Keratinocyte

Dermatophytes cause intractable superficial infections in humans. Arthroderma benhamiae, a zoophilic dermatophyte, triggers severe inflammatory responses in humans, while Trichophyton tonsurans, an anthropophilic dermatophyte, triggers minimal ones. Cytokines and other factors derived from keratinocytes play important roles in inflammatory and immune responses in the skin. The authors performed an in vitro investigation to determine the human keratinocyte cytokine profiles during dermatophyte infection. The human keratinocyte cell line PHK16-0b was infected with A. benhamiae or T. tonsurans for 24 h, and the cytokines secreted were analysed using a human cytokine antibody array. Marked differences were observed in the cytokine profiles of the cells infected with the two dermatophytes. A. benhamiae infection resulted in the secretion of a broad spectrum of cytokines, including proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and immunomodulatory cytokines. In contrast, T. tonsurans-infected keratinocytes secreted only limited cytokines, including eotaxin-2, interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-16. cDNA microarray analysis confirmed that A. benhamiae infection upregulated genes encoding IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17 and interferon (IFN)-γ, while T. tonsurans infection upregulated only a few genes, such as those encoding IL-1β and IL-16. RT-PCR demonstrated that infection by both dermatophytes enhanced IL-8 mRNA expression in keratinocytes. These results suggest that A. benhamiae-induced secretion of several cytokines from keratinocytes may be involved in a severe inflammatory response, and that the limited cytokine secretion from keratinocytes in response to T. tonsurans infection may result in a minimal inflammatory response in the skin. These cytokine profiles may aid in proving the clinical features of dermatophytosis.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF LICHENS PREVALENT IN BELARUS

2017 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
D. V. Tapalsky ◽  
D. R. Petrenev ◽  
O. M. Khramchenkova ◽  
A. S. Doroshkevich
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Hypogymnia Physodes ◽  
Evernia Prunastri ◽  
High Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Xanthoria Parietina ◽  
Antimicrobial And Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Acetone Extracts

Aim. Study spectrum and expressiveness of antibacterial and antifungal properties oflichen extracts. Materials and methods. Antimicrobial activity of acetone extracts from Hypogymnia physodes, Xanthoria parietina, Evernia prunastri, Ramalina pollinaria, Cladonia arbuscula lichens was determined by micro-dilution methods in broth for 4 - 500 mcg/ml concentrations against 13 strains from ATCC collection and 6 clinical isolates. Results. High antibacterial activity of H. physodes and C. arbuscular extracts against staphylococci and enterococci was detected (MIC 31 - 62 mcg/ml). Antimicrobial activity against enterobacteria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was absent for all the extracts. E.prunastri, H.physodes and C arbuscula extracts were active against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains (MIC 250 - 500 mcg/ml). Antifungal activity (MIC 500 mcg/ml for 4 Candida strains) was only detected for the E. prunastri extract. Conclusion. H.physodes and C. arbuscula lichens can be examined as a perspective source of antibacterial substances, effective against antibiotics resistant staphylococci, streptococci and S. maltophilia strains.

Alterations of ultrastructure and elemental composition in cultured human epidermal keratinocytes after treatment with nitrofurazone and silver sulfadiazine

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 676-677
Author(s):  
A. R. Crooker ◽  
M. C. Myers ◽  
T. L. Beard ◽  
E. S. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Pyrolytic Carbon ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Silver Sulfadiazine ◽  
Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Human Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
Cytotoxicity Endpoints

Cell culture systems have become increasingly popular as a means of screening toxic agents and studying toxic mechanisms of drugs and other chemicals at the cellular and subcellular levels. These in vitro tests can be conducted rapidly in a broad range of relevant mammalian culture systems; a variety of biological and biochemical cytotoxicity endpoints can be examined. The following study utilized human keratinocytes to evaluate the relative cytotoxicities of nitrofurazone (NF) and silver sulfadiazine (SS), the active ingredients of FURACIN(R) Topical Cream and SILVADENE(R) Cream, respectively. These compounds are anti-infectives used in the treatment of burn patients. Cell ultrastructure and elemental composition were utilized as cytotoxicity endpoints.Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes (HK) were prepared from the EpiPackTM culture system (Clonetics Corporation, Boulder, CO). For scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cells were seeded on sterile 35 mm Falcon plastic dishes; for elemental microanalysis, cells were plated on polished pyrolytic carbon discs (E. Fullam, Latham, NY) placed in the culture dishes.

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