scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND THE BODY MASS INDEX OF 6 TO 9-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN IN URBAN AND RURAL AREAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-25
Author(s):  
Snezana Stavreva Veselinovska
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The Body ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

scholarly journals Unequal Protective Effects of Parental Educational Attainment on the Body Mass Index of Black and White Youth

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assari ◽  
Boyce ◽  
Bazargan ◽  
Mincy ◽  
Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
White Youth ◽  
Parental Educational Attainment

Background: Parental educational attainment is shown to be protective against health problems; the Minorities’ Diminished Returns theory, however, posits that these protective effects tend to be smaller for socially marginalized groups particularly blacks than whites. Aims: To explore racial differences in the effect of parental educational attainment on body mass index (BMI) in a national sample of US adolescents. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we used baseline data of 10,701 (8678 white and 2023 black) 12–17 years old adolescents in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH; 2013). Parental educational attainment was the predictor. Youth BMI (based on self-reported weight and height) was the dependent variable. Age, gender, ethnicity, and family structure were covariates. Race was the focal moderator. Results: Overall, higher parental educational attainment was associated with lower youth BMI. Race, however, moderated the effect of parental educational attainment on BMI, suggesting that the protective effect of parenting educational attainment on BMI is significantly smaller for black than white youth. Conclusions: In the United States, race alters the health gains that are expected to follow parental educational attainment. While white youth who are from highly educated families are fit, black youth have high BMI at all levels of parental educational attainment. This means, while the most socially privileged group, whites, gain the most health from their parental education, blacks, the least privileged group, gain the least. Economic, social, public, and health policymakers should be aware that health disparities are not all due to lower socioeconomic status (SES) of the disadvantaged group but also diminished returns of SES resources for them. Black–white health disparities exist across all high socioeconomic status (SES) levels.

scholarly journals Variation in body mass index and their determinants among married women in Uttar Pradesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Sonam Maheshwari ◽  
Brijesh Singh ◽  
Omprakash Singh ◽  
Puneet Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Married Women ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Nutrition Research

<p>The body mass index of married women is a high quality sign of a country’s health status as well as economic condition. Nutrition    research in India has previously focused on the serious problem of under nutrition related to nutrient deficit and high rates of infection. BMI provide an indicator for supporting to wipe out many preventable diseases. Alteration in nutritional status plays an important role in the course of a person’s health. Hence, BMI can be used as an indicator for nutrition status, and association with some diseases can be expected. This study observes the emerging nutrition transition among 7559 married and currently non –pregnant women aged between 15-49 years and also the differential impact of some demographic, socioeconomic, environmental and health-related factors on the body mass index living in Uttar Pradesh, India. The third wave of National Family Health Survey (2005-06) data provides nationally representative data on women’s weight and height. Average BMI is 21.11 kg/m2, and a turn down tendency in BMI was found during the last about 20 years.  Body mass index increased with increasing age, education level of the woman, standard of living index. Lower BMI was especially pronounced among women who were living in rural areas, Hindus, employed women and women who are anemic.</p>

scholarly journals Association between Body Mass Index, Dental Caries (DMFT& PUFA) And Socioeconomic Status in 12 to 15 Year Old School Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 283-290
Author(s):  
Pooja Chauhan ◽  
Ishani Sharma ◽  
Virat Galhotra ◽  
Himanshu Duhan ◽  
Manpreet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
School Children ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Untreated Dental Caries

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between body mass index, dental caries (DMFT), untreated dental caries (PUFA) and socioeconomic status in 12 to 15 year old school children. Material and methods: The study sample consisted of 800 children aged 12 to 15 years, who were selected from 8 schools located in the district-Panchkula (Haryana). Intraoral examination was done for assessment of dental caries by using DMFT index (WHO, 2013).The clinical manifestations of untreated dental caries were assessed visually by using the PUFA index (2010). Socioeconomic status of children was assessed by using Kuppuswami’s socioeconomic scale 2016. After one week, anthropometric measurements of children were taken to calculate the body mass index (BMI) of children. Results: Among 800 school children, 503 (62.9%) children had dental caries. The body mass index (BMI) of children was weakly correlated with DMFT (r=0.285) and PUFA (r=0.109) whereas average correlation was found between BMI and SES (r= 0.424). On applying chi-square test, a statistical significant correlation was found between BMI and DMFT (p<0.01), BMI and PUFA (p<0.01) and BMI and SES (p<0.01). SES of children was weakly correlated with DMFT (r= 0.216) but no correlation was found between SES and PUFA (r=0.052, p=0.145). Conclusion: The study concluded that a significant but weak positive correlation was seen between dental caries and BMI. A significantly positive correlation was found between PUFA and BMI. The severity of dental caries increased with increase in BMI. No correlation was found between PUFA and SES.

The Body Mass Index of Blacks and Whites in the United States during the Nineteenth Century

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Alan Carson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Blacks And Whites

Body mass index (bmi) values reflect the net balance between nutrition, work effort, and calories consumed to fight disease. Nineteenth-century prison records in the United States demonstrate that the bmi values of blacks and whites were distributed symmetrically; neither underweight nor obese individuals were common among the working class. bmi values declined throughout the nineteenth century. By modern standards, however, nineteenth-century bmis were in healthy weight ranges, though the biological living standards in rural areas exceeded those in urban areas. The increase in bmis during the twentieth century did not have its origin in the nineteenth century.

Influence of masticatory function, dental caries and socioeconomic status on the body mass index of preschool children

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Eliza Soares ◽  
Maria Letícia Ramos-Jorge ◽  
Bruna Mota de Alencar ◽  
Simone Gomes Oliveira ◽  
Luciano José Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Masticatory Function

scholarly journals Obesity awareness among elders living in rural area: a household survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
Maycon Sousa Pegorari ◽  
Alisson Fernandes Bolina ◽  
Darlene Mara dos Santos Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

The acceptance of the disease is essential to health self-care, elder’s awareness regarding obesity is suggested to influence their search for health services, and consequently, in obesity’s treatment. This study aimed to verify obesity awareness of elders living in rural areas and associated socioeconomic and demographic factors. We conducted a cross-sectional household survey with 562 individuals, who were older than 60 years and were rural residents from a Brazil southeast city. The identification of obesity awareness was consisted in the agreement between the self-referred obesity and the diagnosis criteria using the body-mass index >27Kg/m². The associated socioeconomic and demographic factors were: gender, age range, marital status, education and income. Descriptive statistical analysis, Kappa index and logistic regression (p <0.05) were conducted. The highest percentage of elders were men (53.6%), 60├ 70 years old (62.6%), married (67.8%), studied for 4|-8 years (40.0%) and with an individual monthly income of one minimal wage (45.7%). The prevalence of obesity according to the body-mass index was 34.7% and the self-referred 15.1%, which was classified as regular agreement by the Kappa coefficient (k= 0.232; p<0.001). The majority of the elders with obesity were not aware of  this condition (64.6%), with higher odds ratio for men than for women (OR=2.34;CI=1.29-4.77). We found high obesity prevalence among elders residents in the rural area, who did not recognize themselves with this condition. Moreover, elderly men presented lower obesity awareness than women. 

scholarly journals Comparison of socioeconomic status of parents and Body Mass Index of their in-school adolescents in Cross River state, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
BN Ekpenyong ◽  
V Essien ◽  
AO Ndep ◽  
O Onwusaka ◽  
A Peter
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Overweight and obesity as well as underweight in adolescence are risk factors of chronic diseases that occur in adulthood. The objective of this research was to assess the Body Mass Index of in-school adolescents and its relationship to socioeconomic status of their parents.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 454 adolescents aged 10-19 years selected from five secondary schools using multistage sampling technique. A semi-structured interviewer questionnaire was used to collect relevant information from the adolescents and their anthropometric measurement to determine their Body Mass Index. Their Body Mass Index was categorized into obese, overweight, normal and underweight using the International Obesity Task Force reference. Analysis was done using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 20.1. Results: The prevalence of obesity, overweight, and underweight among the adolescents was 7.7%, 1.1% and 32.8% respectively. None of the students in the public schools was obese while 2.1% of the adolescents were obese in the private schools. Adolescents in public schools had a higher percentage of underweight (65.4%) compared to those in private schools (34.5%) and this was found statistically significant (p<0.001). There was an overall higher prevalence of overweight and obesity among the females than found among the males. This was also the case for adolescents from higher socio-economic parents. These differences were found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: The Body Mass Index status of the in-school adolescents studied was found to increase with increased socioeconomic status of their parents. This underscores the need for sensitization of in-school adolescents to see the need of knowing their nutritional status and ways to avoid the consequences of abnormal Body Mass Index.

scholarly journals Modeling of Longitudinal Factors Under-Age Five Children Body Mass Index at Bahir Dar Districts: First Order Transition Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-598
Author(s):  
Alebachew Abebe Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Order Transition ◽  
Transition Model ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Transition

Abstract The body mass index (BMI) is calculated as weight in kilograms divided by square height in meters ($$ \frac{\text{kg}}{{{\text{m}}^{2} }} $$ kg m 2 ). Its formula was developed by Belgium Statistician Adolphe Quetelet, and was known as the Quetelet Index (Adolphe Quetelet in BMI formula was developed. Belgium Statistician, 1796–1874. http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/childrens_bmi/about_childrens_bmi.htm). It provides a reliable indicator of body fatness for most people and is used to screen weight categories that may lead to health problems. BMI is an internationally used measure of health status of an individual. This study was modeling of longitudinal factors under-age five children BMI at Bahir Dar Districts using First Order Transition Model. This study was based on data from 1900 pre four visits (475 per individual) children enrolled in the first 4 visits of the 4-year Longitudinal data of children in Bahir Dar Districts. First order transition model was used to describe the relationships between children BMI and some covariates accounting for the correlation among the repeated observations for a given children. There were statistically significant (P value < 0.05) difference among children BMI variation with respect to time, Sachet (plump nut), age, residence, Antiretro-Viral Therapy, diarrhea and pervious BMI. But, fever, cough, Mid-Upper Arm Circumference and sex were statistically insignificant (p value > 0.05) effect on children BMI. According to the findings of this study about 29.28% were normal weight, 67% were under weight, 2.52% were overweight and only 1.21% were obesity. Consequently, the study suggests that concerned bodies should focus on awareness creation to bring enough food to under-age five children in Bahir Dar Districts especially in rural areas.

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