scholarly journals MAKING A CASE ON SOCIAL INTERACTION OF PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDERS: A STUDY OF SELECTED COMPOUNDS OF LUSAKA, ZAMBIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalumba Hellen Chalwe ◽  
Joseph Mandyata ◽  
Sophie Kasonde-Ng’andu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Supportive Services ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Inadequate Information ◽  
Probability Criterion ◽  
Study Sites

<p>Parenting a child is a challenging experience let alone parenting a child with a disability. The nature of the disability in a child goes with its complexity and it often puts parenting skills to the test. This study explores the experiences on social interactions of parents with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in selected compounds of Lusaka, Zambia. The study used an interpretative phenomenological framework supported by qualitative approach. In-depth interviews were used to collect data. Non-probability criterion purposive sampling procedure was used to select participants. The sample size comprised of 10 parents with children with ASD. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically. The study revealed that parents had unique experiences in raising their children with ASD. These included; inadequate information on ASD; lack of support services; miscommunications between parents and children with ASD; stigmatization; lack of adequate sleeping time and negative attitude towards parents and their children with ASD. It was evident from the study that parents require supportive services including counselling to enable them to deal with the complexities that emanate from parenting children with ASD. In view of these the study recommended increased awareness on ASD; development, promotion and regular evaluation of intervention strategies parents use aimed at improving the daily lives of parents and their children with ASD in the study sites.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0875/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals A concept mobility device with multi-positional configurations and child-kind restraint for safe perioperative transfer and induction of anaesthesia in children with autistic spectrum disorder – a cross sectional study 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwan Ing Hee ◽  
Ying Ching Lim ◽  
Tracy Tan ◽  
Sharon Wan ◽  
Olivia Wijeweera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Operating Table ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia ◽  
Mobility Device

Abstract Background : Transfer into operating room, onto operating table and mask induction of anaesthesia are major challenge faced by children with Autistic Spectrum Disease (ASD). In a pilot study, parents observed that perioperative transfer becomes unsafe and difficult when children with ASD becomes uncooperative. Method : A CHILD-KIND CONCEPT mobility system comprising of multi-positioning seat configurations and restraining module was developed with inputs from multi-disciplinary healthcare professionals and parents with children with ASD. To appeal to children and motivate child-machine interaction, the seat configurations and restraining module are designed to take the form of child-friendly, non-threatening, fun and familiar items. The sitting configuration, sitting to supine transformation, the restraint modules resemble racing-car seat, reclining motion of a home massage chair, safety restraints found in airplanes and amusement rides respectively. Healthcare professionals (HCP) involved in the perioperative patient care, parents of ASD children and children (neurotypical and ASD) experience the use of the system in a non-clinical environment and participated in a survey study. The acceptance of its functionality (HCP, parents) for perioperative transfer and induction of anaesthesia, rating of the user experience and likes and dislikes of (parents and children) were obtained. Results: Thirty-two HCP, 30 parents and 23 children participated. Majority of parents and HCP opined the use of the system enables improvement in the management of perioperative movement (90.0% parents, 100% HCP), safe perioperative movement (86.7% parents, 96.9% HCP) and promotes ease of anaesthesia induction (76.7% parents, 90.6% HCP) for uncooperative combative ASD children. Overall, 90.6% HCP and 76.7% of parents would recommend its frequent use in their own practice and their ASD children respectively; 93.8% HCP and 86.7% parents would recommend it to other HCP and parents for use in other ASD children. Attractiveness and multi-functionality are attributes endorsed by parents and children. Children endorse its use for induction of anaesthesia (73.9%), dental chair (82.6%), intra-hospital transfer (95.7%). Conclusion : A child-kind mobility device that integrates appeal with functionality of restraint and multi-positional transformation has a potential to promote safe perioperative movement and ease of induction of anaesthesia in anxious uncooperative ASD children. Trial registration : None

scholarly journals A concept mobility device with multi-positional configurations and child-kind restraint for safe perioperative transfer and induction of anaesthesia in children with autistic spectrum disorder – a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwan Ing Hee ◽  
Ying Ching Lim ◽  
Tracy Tan ◽  
Sharon Wan ◽  
Olivia Wijeweera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Operating Table ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia ◽  
Mobility Device

Abstract Background Transfer into the operating room, onto the operating table and mask induction of anaesthesia are major challenges faced by children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In a pilot study, parents observed that perioperative transfer becomes unsafe and difficult when children with ASD becomes uncooperative. Method A CHILD-KIND CONCEPT mobility system comprising of multi-positioning seat configurations and restraining module was developed with inputs from multi-disciplinary healthcare professionals and parents with children with ASD. To appeal to children and motivate child-machine interaction, the seat configurations and restraining module are designed to take the form of child-friendly, non-threatening, fun and familiar items. The sitting configuration, sitting to supine transformation, the restraint modules resemble racing-car seat, reclining motion of a home massage chair, safety restraints found in airplanes and amusement rides respectively. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) involved in the perioperative patient care, parents of ASD children and children (neurotypical and ASD) experience the use of the system in a non-clinical environment and participated in a survey study. The acceptance of its functionality (HCPs, parents) for perioperative transfer and induction of anaesthesia, rating of the user experience and likes and dislikes of (parents and children) were obtained. Results Thirty-two HCPs, 30 parents and 23 children participated. Majority of parents and HCPs opined the use of the system enables improvement in the management of perioperative movement (90.0% parents, 100% HCPs), safe perioperative movement (86.7% parents, 96.9% HCPs) and promotes ease of anaesthesia induction (76.7% parents, 90.6% HCPs) for uncooperative combative ASD children. Overall, 93.8% HCPs and 86.7% parents would recommend its frequent use in their own practice and their ASD children respectively. Attractiveness and multi-functionality are attributes endorsed by parents and children. Children endorse its use for induction of anaesthesia (73.9%), dental chair (82.6%), intra-hospital transfer (95.7%). Conclusion A child-kind mobility device that integrates appeal with functionality of restraint and multi-positional transformation has a potential to promote safe perioperative movement and ease of induction of anaesthesia in anxious uncooperative ASD children.

scholarly journals THE FUNCTIONALITY PROFILE OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDERS (ASD) IN THE AZORES – COMMUNICATION, LEARNING AND AUTONOMY

2020 ◽  
pp. 328-340
Author(s):  
Tânia Botelho ◽  
◽  
Ana Matos ◽  
Pilar Mota ◽  
Bárbara Romão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Universal Design ◽  
Universal Design For Learning ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Design For Learning ◽  
Stereotyped Behaviours ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Teachers And Parents

Autism is a disorder of the neuro-development characterized by persistent difficulties in communication, cognitive processes, social interaction and also by restrict interests and repetitive and stereotyped behaviours. Regarding to the vision of Universal Design for Learning(UDL), the educational approach should enhance not only the academic acquisitions but also the prognosis of the evolution of the clinical condition and of the functionality of children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Thus, it was considered important to know the perspective of educators / teachers and parents / guardians for the 121 children with ASD who participated in this study.These children, aged 3-11 years old, live in the Azores (ARA) and are enrolled in kindergarten and in primary schools.Data were collected with a questionnaire (educators/teachers) and in an interview (parents/caretakers). Results suggest that there are different perspectives between the two groups, with educators/teachers viewing the functionality profile of these children as being more aggravated. These differences are statistically significant, especially in terms of the functionalities assessed by the items of communication and learning. The analysis of these different perspectives evidences the importance of the communication between these educational providers regarding the work developed by them.

scholarly journals Library Services for Youth with Autism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley S. J. Farmer
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
School Libraries ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Library Services ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Rich Variety ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Educational Challenges ◽  
Library Staff

At least 1 in 166 children are born with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but few school libraries provide resources and services explicitly targeting this population. This paper explains the characteristics and educational challenges of children with ASD; and provides ways to create an inclusive library environment that offers a rich variety of resources and services that engage these children. Tips for training library staff relative to ASD are also given.

scholarly journals Teachers’ perspectives on handwriting and collaborative intervention for children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-58
Author(s):  
Therese McNamee ◽  
Sandra Patton
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Emergent Literacy ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Occupational Therapy Education ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
The Republic

Purpose This study aims to investigate teacher perspectives on teaching handwriting to children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) and collaboration with occupational therapists. Design/methodology/approach A descriptive design was applied. Purpose-designed surveys were distributed to teachers of children with ASD (aged 4-12 years) in the Republic of Ireland. A response rate of 35 per cent (N = 75) was obtained, with 25 responses analysed using descriptive statistics of closed questions and content analysis of open-ended questions. Findings Of 139 children with ASD, 80 (58 per cent) were reported to have difficulties with handwriting. Teachers reported specific difficulties with pencil grasp, letter formation and task concept among the children with ASD. Fourteen (56 per cent, N = 25) respondents did not give handwriting as homework. Teachers valued occupational therapy advice, individualised programmes and ongoing consultation during implementation. Interest in occupational therapy education regarding handwriting was reported. Practical implications Occupational therapy collaboration to address handwriting difficulties for children with ASD should include involvement in teacher education, coordination of teacher–parent collaboration and the need for involvement in early intervention provision within an emergent literacy framework. Originality/value Handwriting development is challenging for children with ASD. There is limited information on teaching or teacher–occupational therapy collaborative practices to address handwriting difficulties of children with ASD.

scholarly journals 2157 The socially animated machine (SAM) robot: A social skills intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 49-49
Author(s):  
Jenna Lebersfeld ◽  
Caleb J. Brasher ◽  
Christian D. Clesi ◽  
Carl E. Stevens ◽  
Fred J. Biasini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Facial Recognition ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Social Skills Intervention ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Emotion Identification ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Post Test

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects one in 68 children. Children with ASD have 2 core areas of difficulty: social communication skills and restricted and repetitive interests and patterns of behavior. Children with social skills deficits are at higher risk of developing mental health problems, and underdeveloped social skills predict poorer quality of life in adulthood. Therapies have been developed to help people with ASD improve social abilities in childhood, often involving a clinician directly teaching social skills lessons, either one-on-one or in a group setting. However, children with ASD can become anxious when interacting with other people and have an intrinsic motivation to interact with technology. To capitalize on this interest, this research team developed a robot, the socially animated machine (SAM) to teach social skills to children with ASD. Previous research found that this intervention was feasible and enjoyable for children with ASD and average cognitive ability, and participants improved in complex emotion recognition following intervention. The purpose of this study was to determine whether participants of all IQ levels were motivated by the SAM intervention, and whether they improved on emotion identification, facial recognition, social skills, and adaptive behavior. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This study recruited 20 children with ASD ages 5–14. Children completed tasks measuring ASD symptoms, IQ, receptive language, facial recognition, and emotion identification and were assigned to the control group (nonemotion dance games with SAM robot) or the intervention group (emotion games with SAM robot). Parents and teachers completed questionnaires about the child’s social skills. Following the robot intervention, facial recognition, emotion identification, and social skills were measured again, and parents and children rated participant enjoyment during the robot interaction. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Overall, parents and children in both groups rated the robot interaction as highly enjoyable and motivating (parent ratings: M=26.4 out of 30, child ratings: M=17.5 out of 20). There were no differences between groups on post-test measures when controlling for pre-test scores (all p>0.05). Both groups improved over time on emotion identification accuracy (intervention: M=13.0% improvement, t=2.57, p<0.05; control: M=10.2% improvement, t=2.38, p<0.05) and parent-rated social skills (intervention: pre-test M=113.8, post-test M=100.6, t=−3.37, p=0.01; Control: pre-test M=107.9, post-test M=89.0, t=−2.83, p<0.05; decrease in scores indicates improvement). Teachers saw a decrease in problem behaviors for the intervention group (pre-test M=127.4, post-test M=119.6, t=−3.79, p<0.01, decrease in scores indicates improvement). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This study shows that children with ASD and all levels of cognitive ability enjoyed and were motivated by the SAM robot intervention. This is particularly important for children with ASD who often have difficulty with attention and motivation. Children who are intrinsically motivated by the learning process will be more likely to benefit from it; therefore, continuing to pursue the methodology of robot-based interventions with this population is a worthwhile endeavor.

scholarly journals KEMAMPUAN ORANG TUA DALAM MENANGGAPI BAHASA PESAN SINGKAT ANAK-ANAK TERHADAP ETIKA BERBAHASA

Pujangga ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Eka Septiani ◽  
Sri Mulyani ◽  
Nur Indah Sari
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Short Message ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Language Ethics

ABSTRAK Perkembangan media sosial yang digunakan khususnya oleh anak-anak hendaknya diiringi dengan pengetahuan orang tua dalam menanggapi etika berbahasa mereka dalam kehidupan mereka sehari-hari. Etika berbahasa yang perlu mendapat tanggapan atau pengawasan dalam penggunaan media sosial adalah penggunaan SMS dan Chatting dalam hal ini Whatsapp. SMS dan Chatting merupakan salah satu sarana komunikasi yang efektif di era sekarang ini. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk (1) meningkatkan wawasan atau pengetahuan orang tua mengenai penggunaan media sosial, (2) dapat menjaga komunikasi antara orang tua dan anak, (3) meningkatkan kepekaan orang tua dalam mengawasi penggunaan bahasa anak-anak dalam menggunakan media sosial, (4) menjaga etika berbahasa dalam menggunakan media sosial di kehidupan sehari-hari dengan memperbaiki penggunaan bahasa mereka. Kegiatann ini sebagai upaya memberikan wawasan atau pengetahuan pada orang tua dalam menanggapi etika berbahasa anak-anak mereka dalam menggunakan media sosial dengan cara memperbaiki penggunaan bahasa anak-anak mereka. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, yanitu mendeskripsikan, mencatat, menganalisis dan menginterpretasikan data yang diperoleh. Hasilnya ditemukan dua puluh enam kelompok interjeksi yang dihunakan pada akun Youtube Malam Malam Net. Penelitian ini juga menemukan kelompok makna interjeksi yaitu interjeksi yang menyatakan peringatan, ekspresi, keheranan,kekhawatiran, terkejut, kepasrahan, pengetatuan baru, pemikiran, dan penegasan. Kata kunci: Kemampuan Orang Tua, Bahasa Pesan Singkat Anak, dan Etika Berbahasa ABSTRACT The development of social media that is used specifically by children must be accompanied by knowledge of parents in responding to the language ethics they use in their daily lives. Language ethics that need to get a response or supervision in the use of social media is the use of SMS and chat in this case Whatsapp. SMS and chat is one of the effective means of communication in the current era. This program aims to (1) improve parents' knowledge or knowledge about the use of social media, (2) can maintain communication between parents and children, (3) increase sensitivity of parents in supervising children's language use in using social media, (4) maintain language ethics in using social media in everyday life by improving the use of their language. This activity is an effort to provide parents with insight or knowledge in responding to the language ethics of their children in using social media by improving their children's language use. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method, which describes, records, analyzes and interprets the data obtained. The result was found twenty-six interjection groups that were used on the Youtube Malam Malam Net account. This study also found a group of meanings of interjection namely interjection which stated warning, expression, wonder, worry, surprise, resignation, new unity, thought, and affirmation Keywords: Skill of Parents, Children’ Short Message Language, and Language Ethic

scholarly journals COVID-19 Impact on Healthcare and Supportive Services for People Who Use Drugs (PWUDs) in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balasingam Vicknasingam ◽  
Nur Afiqah Mohd Salleh ◽  
Weng-Tink Chooi ◽  
Darshan Singh ◽  
Norzarina Mohd Zaharim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Patient Flow ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
People Who Use Drugs ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Supportive Services ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Study Sites

Background: Restrictive orders and temporary programmatic or ad hoc changes within healthcare and other supportive systems that were implemented in response to the COVID-19 epidemic in Malaysia may have created hindrances to accessing healthcare and/or receiving other supportive services for people who use drugs (PWUDs).Design: A primarily qualitative study has been conducted to evaluate how service providers and recipients were adapting and coping during the initial periods of the COVID-19 response.Settings: The study engaged several healthcare and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in the peninsular states of Penang, Kelantan, Selangor, and Melaka.Participants: Medical personnel of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) programs (n = 2) and HIV clinics (n = 3), staff of NGO services (n = 4), and MMT patients (n = 9) were interviewed using a semi-structured format.Results: Interviewed participants reported significant organizational, programmatic, and treatment protocols related changes implemented within the healthcare and support services in addition to nationally imposed Movement Control Orders (MCOs). Changes aimed to reduce patient flow and concentration at the on-site services locations, including less frequent in-person visits, increased use of telemedicine resources, and greater reliance on telecommunication methods to maintain contacts with patients and clients; changes in medication dispensing protocols, including increased take-home doses and relaxed rules for obtaining them, or delivery of medications to patients' homes or locations near their homes were reported by the majority of study participants. No significant rates of COVID-19 infections among PWUDs, including among those with HIV have been reported at the study sites.Conclusions: Although the reported changes presented new challenges for both services providers and recipients and resulted in some degree of initial disruption, generally, all participants reported successful implementation and high levels of compliance with the newly introduced restrictions, regulations, and protocols, resulting in relatively low rates of treatment disruption or discontinuation at the study sites.

scholarly journals Screening for autistic spectrum disorder in early childhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Jullien
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Universal Screening ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Children With Asd

AbstractWe looked at existing recommendations and supporting evidence on the effectiveness of screening young children for autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) for improving short- and long-term outcomes.We conducted a literature search up to the 8th of November 2019 by using key terms and manual search in selected sources. We summarized the recommendations and the strength of the recommendation when and as reported by the authors. We summarized the main findings of systematic reviews with the certainty of the evidence as reported.There are discrepancies among the recommendations given by different institutions on universal screening for ASD in children. Some recommend that all children should be screened with an ASD-specific instrument during well-child visits at ages 18 and 24 months in conjunction with ongoing developmental surveillance and broadband developmental screening; some conclude that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for ASD in young children for whom no concerns of ASD have been raised by their parents or a clinician; and others recommend against universal screening, but for a screening among children with high risks.There is adequate evidence that ASD screening tools applied to children between 12 and 36 months accurately identify those with ASD. There is some evidence showing benefit of early interventions applied to children with ASD, from children identified with developmental concern by their family, teacher or clinicians. We found no evidence on the effectiveness of interventions applied to children with ASD detected through screening.

scholarly journals Using Hybrid Telepractice for Supporting Parents of Children with ASD during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Feasibility Study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 892
Author(s):  
Sayyed Ali Samadi ◽  
Shahnaz Bakhshalizadeh-Moradi ◽  
Fatemeh Khandani ◽  
Mehdi Foladgar ◽  
Maryam Poursaid-Mohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
Telephone Contact ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Daycare Centers ◽  
Written Information ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Parents And Children

During the three-month closure of clinics and day centers in Iran due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown, parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) became solely responsible for their care and education. Although centers maintained telephone contact, it quickly became evident that parents needed more detailed advice and guidance. Staff from 30 daycare centers volunteered to take part in a two-month online support and training course for 336 caregivers of children with ASD of different ages. In addition to the provision of visual and written information, synchronous video sessions were used to coach parents on the learning goals devised for the children. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected to understand the acceptability of using telepractice and the outcomes achieved. A low dropout rate and positive feedback from parents indicated that they perceived telepractice sessions to be useful. The factors contributing to parents’ satisfaction were identified. Although the use of telepractice would be a good alternative for caregivers in any future lockdowns, it could also be used in conjunction with daycare center services to encourage greater parental participation, or with families living in areas with no day centers. Further studies are needed to compare telepractice to usual daycare face-to-face interventions, and to document its impact and cost-effectiveness for parents and children.

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