scholarly journals Economic Impact of Practicing IPM And INM Technology in Paddy (Basmati) Crop in Haryana

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohit Sehal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

The research work was carried out with the objective to estimate the cost and returns in cultivation of paddy (basmati) in IPM-INM and CPM farms in Haryana. Information was extracted from 120 farmers by using well-structured interview schedule through survey method. Firstly four districts was purposively selected then one block was selected randomly from each district and from each block, 20 IPM-INM farmers and 10 CPM farmers were surveyed. The overall findings revealed that the total cost of cultivation for IPM-INM technology in paddy (` 110574ha-1) was somewhat greater than CPM paddy (` 106456 ha-1), the per quintal cost of production of IPM-INM paddy (` 2197) which was lower as compared to its CPM (` 2300), mainly due to higher productivity of IPM-INM (50.33 q/ha) paddy than the CPM (46.29 q/ha). The gross returns from IPM-INM and CPM farm was estimated to ` 138854 and ` 127927 per hectare respectively. As indicated by B:C ratio over variable cost of 2.73:1 for IPM-INM and 2.45:1 for CPM. Therefore, the cultivation of paddy was found to be more profitable with the adoption of IPM-INM technology, which is sustainable in every aspect.

scholarly journals ANALISIS USAHA HOME INDUSTRI KERUPUK RAMBAK

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Syarifah Aini ◽  
Erlin Widya Fatmawati
Keyword(s):  
Variable Cost ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Total Variable Cost ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Breakeven Point

The purpose of this research is to know the amount of cost, acceptance, profit, profitability, and R / C Ratio from home industry crackers rambak in Sembon Village Satreyan District Kanigoro Blitar District. The result of this research shows that the total variable cost at rambak cracker agroindustry center is equal to Total variable cost Rp 1,139,783, - per day, total fixed cost Rp 4,953, - per day. So the total total cost of production is Rp 1,144,076, - per month. The breakeven point or BEP unit is 3 units. BEP Rp for RP 16,017, -. BEP revenue of Rp 16,017, - per day. Received revenue of Rp 1.650.000, - so the profit earned by employers is amounted to Rp 505,924, -. While the profitability of business is 44% which means this business is profitable. Home industry that run during this efficiency has been shown with R / C ratio of more than 1 that is equal to 1.44. Based on the criteria used, this business has been efficient because the efficiency value of more than 1. This means that every Rp 1.00 issued by the entrepreneur at the beginning of the business activities will get 1.44 times revenue from the cost incurred at the end of the business activity. This can be interpreted that home industry crackers rambak said Eligible to run. From this research it is suggested that entrepreneurs do creations by adding a sense of the product, so that the quality of the product can be increased and not less competitive with similar entrepreneurs from other regions. For the government, the Government of Blitar Regency through the Department of Industry and Trade and other related agencies should try to help develop the business crackers rambak by providing low-interest capital loans to entrepreneurs agro-industry crackers rambak.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN KAYU BAKAR UNTUK PEMBAKARAN BATU BATA DI KECAMATAN RUMBAI, KOTA PEKANBARU

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Enny Insusanty ◽  
Emy Sadjati ◽  
Ambar Tri Ratnaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Field Observation ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Wood Fuel ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to find out the needs of wood for brick making in Kecamatan Rumbai and to analyze the revenue and the contribution of the cost of wood fuel for brick making. The method used in this study is the survey method in the form of interviews to brick making business owners and field observation and calculate the needs of firewood and brick production. The average brick production of each factory is 65,000 bricks per 2 months with the amount of firewood required 20.5 m3 so for the year it takes 123 m3. For all existing factories in Muara Fajar village with the number of 80 factories is required bricks as much as 9,840 m3 per year. Components of fuel wood as fuel reached 34.9% of production costs with total cost of production (2 months) is Rp 11,448,750 and the profit earned by craftsmen is Rp 1,518,750.

scholarly journals Comparative Economic Analysis of Zero Budget Natural Farming for Kharif Groundnut under Central Dry Zone of Karnataka, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
A. H. Kumar Naik ◽  
S. Brunda ◽  
G. M. Chaithra
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Dry Zone ◽  
Natural Farming ◽  
The Cost

This research work is mainly focused on comparative economic analysis of Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) for Kharif Groundnut under Central Dry Zone of Karnataka. The purpose of conducting the study is to examine the cost of cultivation for ZBNF with other treatments. This is mainly due to farmers are facing high cost of cultivation by practicing conventional farming as it is highly depends on external inputs. ZBNF is low cost technology where, farming is practiced by using jeevamrutha, beejamrutha, mulching and whapsa etc. The Groundnut experiment was conducted at ZAHRS, Babbur Farm, Hiriyur during Kharif 2019-20 in order to estimate economics for different treatments. Each treatment was having different input usage. For calculating economics of each treatment, conventional cost of cultivation method was followed (i.e. calculation of Variable cost, Fixed cost, Gross returns, Net returns and B:C).The results of economic analysis revealed that the per hectare yield (17.46 q/ha) total cost ( 53,019), gross returns ( 88,871), net returns ( 35,852) and B:C (1.68) were found to be highest in RPP among all treatments i.e. ZBNF, OPS and Control. The cost of cultivation of ZBNF 22.55 per cent lesser than RPP. The B:C ratio was found to be more in ZBNF (1.66) than OPS (1.58).This is due to highest cost for purchase of excess quantity of FYM in case of OPS. It is concluded from the study that RPP was best treatment among all treatments. This is due to highest yield, net returns and B:C was found in RPP treatment  as compared to all treatments. In the economic point of view, there was reduction in total cost in case of ZBNF with fewer yields as compared to RPP.

scholarly journals KOMPARASI PENGELOLAAN TANAMAN JAGUNG SISTEM OLAH TANAH SEMPURNA DENGAN SISTEM TANPA OLAH TANAH (TOT) DI KABUPATEN OKU TIMUR

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Sugeng Supriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Average Cost ◽  
Soil Extract ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

The objectives of this research are: (1) To know the income of corn farmer farmers between the perfect soil system with TOT system in OKU Timur Regency, (2) To know the comparison of management of maize plant between the perfect soil system and the system (TOT) in Kabupaten OKU Timur, (3) To determine the feasibility level of corn cultivation business between a perfect soil system and TOT system in East OKU Regency. This research was conducted in OKU Timur Regency. This research was conducted in April 2015 until June 2015 with a survey method focused on corn farming practices with either a groundless (TOT) system or a perfect soil system in East OKU district. This study found that the average cost of production for the management of corn business activities with the system Without Sports Land (TOT) of Rp. 11.296.925, - / yr, with a flat fee of Rp. 1.088.896, - / Thn, and variable cost of Rp. 10.208.029, - / yr. Receipt is Rp. 29.139.583, - / Thn then the revenue is Rp. 17,842,658, - / yr (Rp 5,947,553, - / MT or Rp 1,486,888, - / bln). While the average cost of production on corn management business activities with a perfect tillage system of Rp. 12.998.688, - / yr, with a fixed fee of Rp. 1.086.254, - / yr, and variable cost of Rp. 11.912.434, - / yr. While the revenue is Rp. 31.819.792, - / Thn then the income is obtained by Rp. 18.821.104, - / yr (Rp 6.273.701, - / MT or Rp 1,568,425, - / month). The comparative value of corn management business with the landless (TOT) system is Rp. 17.842.658, - / MT. While on the management of corn with a perfect soil system is Rp. 18.821.104, - / MT obtained from the final difference with the cost of production. Thus, there is a difference in income of Rp. 978.446, - / MT (Rp 244,611, - / Month). The management of maize with Soil Extract (TOT) and perfect soil system in East OKU Regency can be said to be profitable and feasible, because the average value is obtained R / C Ratio 2.58 which means> 1 then the business is considered profitable, and Also obtained the value of B / C Ratio 1.58 which means> 0, then the business declared feasible

scholarly journals ANALISIS USAHA HOME INDUSTRI KERUPUK RAMBAK

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Syarifah Aini ◽  
Erlin Widya Fatmawati
Keyword(s):  
Variable Cost ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Total Variable Cost ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Breakeven Point

The purpose of this research is to know the amount of cost, acceptance, profit, profitability, and R / C Ratio from home industry crackers rambak in Sembon Village Satreyan District Kanigoro Blitar District. The result of this research shows that the total variable cost at rambak cracker agroindustry center is equal to Total variable cost Rp 1,139,783, - per day, total fixed cost Rp 4,953, - per day. So the total total cost of production is Rp 1,144,076, - per month. The breakeven point or BEP unit is 3 units. BEP Rp for RP 16,017, -. BEP revenue of Rp 16,017, - per day. Received revenue of Rp 1.650.000, - so the profit earned by employers is amounted to Rp 505,924, -. While the profitability of business is 44% which means this business is profitable. Home industry that run during this efficiency has been shown with R / C ratio of more than 1 that is equal to 1.44. Based on the criteria used, this business has been efficient because the efficiency value of more than 1. This means that every Rp 1.00 issued by the entrepreneur at the beginning of the business activities will get 1.44 times revenue from the cost incurred at the end of the business activity. This can be interpreted that home industry crackers rambak said Eligible to run. From this research it is suggested that entrepreneurs do creations by adding a sense of the product, so that the quality of the product can be increased and not less competitive with similar entrepreneurs from other regions. For the government, the Government of Blitar Regency through the Department of Industry and Trade and other related agencies should try to help develop the business crackers rambak by providing low-interest capital loans to entrepreneurs agro-industry crackers rambak.

Cost-Return Analysis of Okra Production in Balod District of Chhattisgarh

2020 ◽  
pp. 442-446
Keyword(s):  
Primary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

A study was conducted to examine the present status of okra production in Balod District of Chhattisgarh and to work out the cost and returns of okra production. The study is confined to Balod district of Chhattisgarh, a sample of 60 okra farmers comprises 20 small, 20 medium and 20 large were selected by proportionate random sampling method from five villages viz. Khursipar, Around, Newari Kalan, Jagnnathpur and Tekapar from Balod block of Chhattisgarh. The required primary data were collected from selected respondents by survey method using a pretested interview schedule. Primary data in the study pertains to the agriculture year 2016-17. The cost of cultivation was found `1, 08, 350.98 and ranged from `1, 03, 410.56 to `1,18,048.92 under different categories of farmers. The total cost of cultivation per hectare (cost C3) was highest in large size groups followed by medium and small size groups. The cost of production per quintal of okra crop was also found the same trend as the total cost. On average, the cost of production of okra was `1081.42 per quintal. The average productivity of okra was observed to be 110.12 quintals per hectare. As far as net income was concerned, it was more under large size followed by small and medium-size group farmers. The benefit-cost ratio was worked out to 1.60, 1.59 and 1.55 for small, medium and large size groups respectively.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION IN RICE FARMING IN SHIVASATAKSHI MUNICIPALITY OF JHAPA DISTRICT, NEPAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Dikshya Khatiwada ◽  
Jaya Prakash Dutta ◽  
Kalyani Shrestha ◽  
Gaurav Adhikari ◽  
Hikmat Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Agricultural Mechanization ◽  
Human Labor ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

A study was conducted in Shivasatakshi municipality of Jhapa district to assess the economic impact of agricultural mechanization in rice farming in 2020. Altogether, 40 rice farmers were selected randomly and surveyed using a semi-structured interview schedule. Based on the use of machinery, farmers were categorized into mechanized and non-mechanized farmers. Cost and revenue were calculated among both categories. T-test was used to compare the mean cost and revenue between mechanized and non-mechanized rice farmers. The average cost of production of rice was NRs.87,215.50/ha. The cost of human labor was found higher in both categories (more than 40%). The average total cost of production was lower in mechanized farms (NRs.67,191.74/ha) as compared to non-mechanized farms (NRs. 1, 07,239.27/ha). The contribution of rice grain and straw to the overall revenue was 98.53% and 1.46% respectively. The average revenue from production was calculated to be NRs.1, 21,879.25/ha. The average gross revenue was greater in mechanized farms (NRs.1,26,042.90/ha) than non-mechanized farms (NRs. 1, 22,067.00/ha). The benefit-cost ratio was observed higher in the mechanized rice farms (1.898) than non-mechanized farms (1.143). The findings of the study showed that mechanized rice farming reduced the cost of production by lowering down human labor cost and increased the profitability of the enterprise. Therefore, it is recommended to adopt machinery for rice cultivation in Shivasatakshi municipality, Jhapa.

A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Three Different Methods of Psychiatric Case Finding in the General Population

1980 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 540-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan K. Isaac ◽  
R. L. Kapur
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Sophisticated Method ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Case ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Adult Member

SummaryA study was carried out to compare the sensitivity as well as cost of three different methods of psychiatric case detection. It was found that the simplest method, which involved interviewing about 3 per cent of the adult population, with a questionnaire taking only five minutes to complete, picked up as many adult epileptics and nearly as many psychotics as the inquiry with all the adults in the population using a sophisticated structured interview schedule. A method of medium complexity, in which the short five-minute questionnaire was given to one adult member of each family, detected in addition to all adult epileptics and psychotics, and many juvenile epileptics and mentally retarded.The cost of the simplest method was one-ninth and that of the method of medium complexity, one-fifth of the cost of the most sophisticated method.The method of medium complexity is recommended for use in the rural psychiatry programme of the developing countries.

B. ANALISA KELAYAKAN BISNIS PADA UMKM (Study Kasus Pada Usaha Tempe Murni Ita)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Agus Jonikar Ndraha ◽  
Avan Joko Prasetyawan ◽  
Ida Kurnia Wati ◽  
Ilmia Cahyasari ◽  
Nafa Alya Shintya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Costs ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Business Analysis ◽  
Gross Income

Abstrak Tahun demi tahun, persaingan bisnis tempe di wilayah Surabaya kian ketat. Oleh karena itu diperlukan sebuah studi untuk mengkaji kelayakan bisnis tersebut. Tujuan dari makalah ini adalah Sebagai acuan untuk mengetahui semua biaya produksi, pendapatan kotor dan pendapatan bersih usaha tempe serta kelayakan usaha tempe di Surabaya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di daerah Sukomanunggal dengan menggunakan metode surve. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Rata-rata biaya total sebesar Rp 2.144.590 yang dihasilkan dari penjumlahan biaya tetap rata-rata sebesar Rp 160.590 dengan biaya variabel rata-rata sebesar Rp 1.984.000. Laba bersih rata-rata sekitar Rp 955.410 dari pendapatan rata-rata sebesar Rp 3.100.000 dikurangi dengan semua pengeluaran Rp 2.144.590. Analisis kewajaran usaha adalah dengan menyusun pendapatan dan pengeluaran secara keseluruhan. Rata-rata semua pendapatan Rp 3.100.000 dan semua pengeluaran rata-rata sebesar Rp 2.144.590. Dengan rasio 1,45 usaha tempe murni ITA layak untuk dijalankan.  Kata Kunci : Biaya produksi, Pendapatan kotor, Pendapatan bersih, Kelayakan usaha   Abstract From year to year, Tempe business competition in the Surabaya area is getting tougher. Therefore a study is needed to study the feasibility of the business. The purpose of this paper is as a reference to find out all the production costs, gross income, and net income of tempe businesses and the feasibility of tempe businesses in Surabaya. The study was carried out in the Sukomanunggal area using a survey method. The results showed that: The average total cost of Rp 2,144,590 resulted from the sum of the average fixed costs of Rp 160,590 with an average variable cost of Rp 1,984,000. Net profit averaged around Rp. 955,410 from an average income of Rp. 3,100,000 minus all expenses of Rp. 2,144,590. The reasonableness of business analysis is to compile overall income and expenditure. The average income of all Rp 3,100,000 and all expenses averaged Rp 2,144,590. With a ratio of 1.45, pure ITA tempe business is feasible to run.  Keywords : Production costs, Gross income, Net income, Business feasibility

D. Perhitungan HPP Telur Asin Dengan Pendekatan Variabel Costing Pada UD Mulya Jaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Neno Pratiwi ◽  
Andre Setiawan ◽  
Ilmi Cayono ◽  
Johan Trinanto
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost ◽  
A Company ◽  
Important Objective

ABSTRAK Pada umumnya harga pokok produksi dalam akuntansi diartikan dengan jumlah biaya dari seluruh pemakaian yang telah dilakukan selama proses produksi atau kegiatan yang mana mengubah bahan baku menjadi produk jadi (produk siap pakai/siap saji). Tujuan penting dalam tugas ini yaitu memperhitungkan harga pokok produksi dari UD Mulya Jaya dengan menggunakan pendekatan variabel costing untuk mengetahui besarnya harga pokok pada setiap produk yang diproduksi. Pentingnya penentuan harga pokok produksi dapat dilakukan sebelum para usaha menentukan harga jual. Pendampingan ini bertujuan untuk membantu mencari dan menentukan harga pokok produksi yang dapat digunakan untuk menetapkan harga jual. Pendampingan ini dilakukan untuk membantu wirausaha dalam program kerja, yaitu bimbingan akuntansi dengan fokus perhitungan harga pokok produksi. Dalam menentukan harga pokok produksi pada UD Mulya Jaya dapat menggunakan pendekatan variable costing yang biasanya metode ini digunakan untuk semacam pengambilan keputusan dalam perusahaan. Melalui program pendampingan kewirausahaan didapatkan hasil perhitungan harga pokok produksi yang menggunakan pendekatan variabel costing. Hasil tersebut dapat menjadi suatu keputusan bagi UD Mulya Jaya untuk dapat menetapkan harga pokok produksi pada setiap produk telur asin. Kata Kunci : Kewirausahaan, HPP, Harga.   ABSTRACT In general, the cost of production in accounting is defined as the total cost of all uses that have been made during the production process or activities which convert raw materials into finished products (ready-to-use / ready-to-serve products). An important objective in this task is to calculate the cost of goods manufactured from UD Mulya Jaya by using a variable costing approach to find out the cost of goods on each product produced. The importance of determining the cost of production can be done before businesses determine the selling price. This assistance aims to help find and determine the cost of production that can be used to set the selling price. This assistance is carried out to help entrepreneurs in work programs, namely accounting guidance with a focus on calculating the cost of production. In determining the cost of production at UD Mulya Jaya, it can use the variable costing approach, which is usually used for a kind of decision making in a company. Through the entrepreneurship assistance program, the results of the calculation of the cost of production are obtained using the variable costing approach. These results can be a decision for UD Mulya Jaya to be able to set the cost of production for each salted egg product. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, COGS, Price

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