Kinetic and Thermodynamics of Adsorption of Heavy Metals from Spent Automobile Engine Oil onto Activated Carbon from Thevetia peruviana

The presence of heavy metals was analysed from oil samples employing the dry ashing method. The specific densities and viscosities of the spent and virgin AZ oil samples were determined and found to be 0.9230, 0.9501 and 70.27, 73.27cP respectively. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies of the adsorption of lead (Pb) and chromium (Cr) from the spent oil was also investigated. The spent oil samples were digested and mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), agitated with activated carbon produced from Thevetia peruviana (bush milk) shells at various contact times of 2, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. Kinetic studies revealed that for lead (Pb), the rate constants were found to be 0.044, 0.060 and 0.067 ppm/min at 27oC, 35 oC and 45 oC, respectively, while higher values or rate constants of 0.126, 0.127 and 0,168 ppm/min were observed at 27 oC, 35 oC and 45 oC, respectively, for chromium (Cr). For the thermodynamic studies the Gibb's free energy (ΔG) values were; –1.29, -1.61 and –1.82 KJmol-1at 27 oC, 35 oC and 45 oC, respectively, indicating spontaneity. However, the Gibb's free energy (ΔG) for chromium showed +0.050, -2.13 and -2.14 KJmol-1at 27 oC, 35 oC and 45 oC, indicating non-spontaneity at 27 oC. The positive values of ΔS for both metals with Pb (21 - 30 Jmol-1) and Cr (695 – 1867 Jmol-1 ) indicated that the metals were dissociatively adsorbed onto the adsorbent while for the E values, Cr (8 – 61 KJmol-1) had a higher than with Pb (6 – 35 KJmol-1) further explaining the non-spontaneity of the process for Cr at some reaction condition.

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Adsorption Efficiency of Activated Carbon Produced from Corn Cob for the Removal of Cadmium Ions from Aqueous Solution

Academic Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.32861//ajc.44.12.20 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 12-20

Author(s):

Ezeh Ernest ◽

Okeke Onyeka ◽

Aburu C. M. ◽

Aniobi C. C. ◽

Ndubuisi J. O

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Free Energy ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Adsorption Efficiency ◽

Corn Cob ◽

Free Energy Of Adsorption ◽

Cadmium Ions ◽

Gibb’S Free Energy ◽

Peak Value

Studies were carried out to evaluate the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon produced from corn cob for the removal of Cd II ions from aqueous solution. The studies were carried out with due consideration of standard analytical procedures and instrumentation. Increase in the Cd II ions concentration from 90 to 180mg/l decreased the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent from 89.273 to 65.770%. Increase in the adsorbent’s dosage from 0.5 to 2.0g increased the adsorption of Cd II ions from 81.522 to 91.980%. At pH of 5.0, the adsorption process attained equilibrium with a peak adsorption of Cd II ion at 93.628%. At a contact of time of 30mins between the adsorbate (Cd II ions) at the adsorbent; the adsorption of Cd II ions reached a peak value of 92.410%. The adsorption of Cd II ions on the surface of the activated carbon increased from 90.436 to 93.210% with increase in temperature from 40o to 160oC. The decrease in Gibb’s free energy of adsorption of Cd II ions on the surface of the activated carbon revealed that the adsorption was favourable at high temperatures. The positive values of ∆H and ∆S shows that the adsorption process was endothermic.

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ADSORPTION OF N-HEXANE VAPORS ONTO NON-FUNCTIONALISED HYPERCROSSLINKED POLYMERS (HYPERSOL-MACRONETTM) AND ACTIVATED CARBON: THERMODYNAMIC AND KINETIC STUDIES

Environmental Engineering and Management Journal ◽

10.30638/eemj.2009.037 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 259-265 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adela Marilena Buburuzan ◽

Cezar Catrinescu ◽

Matei Macoveanu

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Kinetic Studies ◽

Hypercrosslinked Polymers

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Effect of organic amendments on the decontamination potential of heavy metals by Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus in soil contaminated with spent engine oil

Novel Research in Microbiology Journal ◽

10.21608/nrmj.2019.54352 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 471-484

Author(s):

Adeniyi Adeleye ◽

Mohammed B. Yerima ◽

Michael E. Nkereuwem ◽

Victor O. Onokebhagbe ◽

Peter G. Shiaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Bacillus Cereus ◽

Organic Amendments ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Spent Engine Oil

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The Effect of Granular Activated Carbon and Biochar on the Availability of Cu and Zn to Hordeum sativum Distichum in Contaminated Soil

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10050841 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 841

Author(s):

Marina Burachevskaya ◽

Saglara Mandzhieva ◽

Tatiana Bauer ◽

Tatiana Minkina ◽

Vishnu Rajput ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Granular Activated Carbon ◽

Total Content ◽

Metal Compounds ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Sorption ◽

Living Organisms ◽

Cu And Zn

The presence of heavy metals in the soil could impose serious problems on soil-plant systems due to the accumulation of heavy metals in plants. Even vital elements such as Cu and Zn have a toxic effect in the case of excessive intake by living organisms. The present work aimed to investigate the content of loosely bound (exchangeable, complexed, and specifically sorbed) compounds of Cu and Zn and their availability to spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum) in contaminated Haplic Chernozem soil under the conditions of a model experiment (five approximate permissible concentrations (APC) and 10 APC of metal). Changes in the bioavailability of the metals upon application of carbon sorbents were observed. An increase in loosely bound metal compounds has been shown under conditions of soil contamination with metals (up to 57% of the total content). The increase in the availability of Cu in the soil was mainly due to the formation of complexed metal forms with organic matter (up to 17%). The availability of Zn was found to be associated with an increase in exchangeable (up to 21%) and specifically sorbed compounds (up to 27%). Granular activated carbon (GAC) and biochar have high sorption properties. A decrease in the content of loosely bound compounds of metals was established, especially in the most mobile forms such as exchangeable and complexed forms. The introduction of sorbents into the soil opened up a new venue for binding heavy metals in situ, eventually leading to a decrease in their bioavailability. The inactivation of Cu and Zn in the soil upon the application of sorbents led to a decrease in metal absorption by spring barley. The highest efficiency of biochar application was established at a dose of 2.5% and 5% in soil contaminations of 5 APC and 10 APC of Cu or Zn. The efficiency of the use of sorbents was more influenced by the dose of application than by the type of sorbent. There was no significant difference between biochar and GAC. Stabilization and inactivation of metals may improve soil fertility and plant growth.

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