scholarly journals The “Spiritual Hammer” (1656) as an Emblematic translation of “Imitatio Christi” by Thomas à Kempis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-58
Author(s):  
Alicja Bielak
Keyword(s):  
Title Page ◽  
Imitatio Christi ◽  
Translation Techniques ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Subject

The subject of this article is a Polish-language collection of emblems by Paweł Mirowski, the Spiritual Hammer, 1656. The work is in fact a paraphrase of Thomas à Kempis’s Imitatio Christi, which the author admits neither on the title page nor in the preface. In addition, the translation is supplemented with five to seven engravings (depending on the surviving copies) of an emblematic kind. The purpose of this article is twofold. Firstly, to juxtapose Mirowski’s translation with Kempis’s work in order to reveal his translation techniques and discuss the advisability of their use. Secondly, to analyse the purpose of using emblematics in the Imitatio Christi and to point to two hitherto unknown copper engravings preserved in a unique copy of the Seminary Library in Warsaw.

scholarly journals Adama Stanisława Krasińskiego zapomniany Słownik synonimów polskich i jego poprzednicy

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 39-67
Author(s):  
Lucyna Agnieszka Jankowiak ◽  
Elżbieta Kędelska
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Phrasal Verbs ◽  
Xvith Century ◽  
Xixth Century ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Gradus Ad Parnassum ◽  
National Languages

On Adam Stanisław Krasiński’s forgotten Słownik synonimów polskich and its predecessorsThe paper consists of two parts. The first one covers characteristics of dictionaries (dated from XVIth to XIXth century), groups of synonyms regarding mainly the Latin (e.g. Gradus ad Parnassum), which also include equivalents of national languages (especially the Calagius three-language dictionary was examined and Czech-Latin dictionaries of synonyms dated XVIth century). The second part of the paper is a discussion over methodology of the first Slavic dictionary of synonyms (Słownik synonimów polskich [Dictionary of Polish Synonyms]) by A. S. Krasiński. Not-elaborated in details so far (in the subject-matter literature) the dictionary combines a few types of dictionaries (apart from the dictionary of synonyms): general dictionary of Polish language, dictionary of phrasal verbs, language correctness dictionary, book of quotations and proverbs and translational dictionary.

scholarly journals METHODS OF ADAPTATION OF SLANG UNITS INTO RUSSIAN IN THE LITERARY TRANSLATION OF M. COLE’ NOVELS

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Елена Николаевна Мозжегорова ◽  
Елена Николаевна Засецкова
Keyword(s):  
Overwhelming Majority ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Translation Techniques ◽  
Holistic Interpretation ◽  
The Subject

Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию особенностей использования способов адаптации сленговых единиц в художественном переводе на русский язык следующих романов английской писательницы Мартины Коул: «Две женщины», «Леди киллер», «Опасная леди». В общей сложности было проанализировано 115 сленговых единиц из вышеназванных произведений. В работе были рассмотрены примеры перевода сленга и идентифицированы приемы передачи сленговой лексики на русский язык. Предметом настоящего исследования выступает адаптация сленга в художественном переводе на русский язык произведений Мартины Коул. Целью исследования являются изучение особенностей адаптации сленговых единиц при переводе художественной литературы на русский язык на материале произведений вышеуказанного автора. Для достижения поставленной цели исследования авторами были привлечены следующие методы: анализа и синтеза, сопоставительный и описательный, сравнения, метод контекстуального анализа и целостной интерпретации. В результате исследования было установлено, что в подавляющем большинстве случаев сленговые единицы удалось адаптировать к русскому языку. Самыми востребованными переводческими трансформациями для передачи сленговой лексики на русский язык явились подбор функционального аналога (в 50 случаях), дисфемистический перевод (в 34 случаях), эвфемистический перевод (в 21 случае), опущение (в 7 случаях) и прочие приемы перевода (калькирование, транслитерация). This article is devoted to the study of the features of the use of methods of adaptation of slang units into Russian in the literary translation of the novels of the English writer Martina Cole (“Two Women”, “The Ladykiller”, “Dangerous Lady”). The article considers the examples of slang translation and identifies the methods of translation of slang vocabulary into Russian. A total of 115 slang items from the above works were analyzed. The subject of this research is the adaptation of slang in the literary translation of the works of Martina Cole into Russian. The goal of the study is to study the features of adaptation of slang units when translating fiction into Russian based on the works of the above-mentioned author. To achieve the set goal of the study, the authors used the following methods: the method of analysis and synthesis, comparative and descriptive methods, the method of comparison, the method of contextual analysis and holistic interpretation. The study revealed that in the overwhelming majority of the cases considered, the translators managed to adopt the slang units into Russian. The most popular translation transformations for slang vocabulary into Russian are a functional analogue (50 cases), dysphemistic translation (34 cases), euphemistic translation (21 cases), omission (7 cases) and other translation techniques (tracing, transliteration, omission).

scholarly journals Piśmiennictwo religijne Tatarów Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego jako oryginalne źródło do badań polszczyzny północnokresowej

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-110
Author(s):  
Joanna Kulwicka-Kamińska
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
The North ◽  
Religious Writings ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Linguistic Analyses ◽  
The 19Th Century

The religious writings of the Tatars constitute a valuable source for philological research due to the presence of heretofore unexplored grammatical and lexical layers of the north borderland Polish language of the 16th-20th centuries and due to the interference-related and transfer-related processes in the context of Slavic languages and Slavic-Oriental contacts. Therefore the basis for linguistic analyses is constituted by one of the most valuable monuments of this body of writing – the first translation of the Quran into a Slavic language in the world (probably representing the north borderland Polish language), which assumed the form of a tefsir. The source of linguistic analyses is constituted by the Olita tefsir, which dates back to 1723 (supplemented and corrected in the 19th century). On the basis of the material that was excerpted from this work the author presents both borderland features described in the subject literature and tries to point the new or only sparsely confirmed facts in the history of the Polish language, including the formation of the north borderland Polish language on the Belarusian substrate. Research involves all levels of language – the phonetic-phonological, morphological, syntactic and the lexical-semantic levels.

scholarly journals Words and Herbs: Julian Tuwim and the Poetry of Mindfulness

2019 ◽  
pp. 229-244
Author(s):  
Joanna Roszak
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Peace Education ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Global Peace ◽  
Mental Well Being

In this article, the author discusses the subject of pro-peace education with the use of poetry, and its influence on the mental well-being of children. She indicates Julian Tuwim as one of the Polish trailblazers of the 20th-century trend of mindfulness, which instructs how to establish a harmonious relationship with oneself and the environment. She discusses studies which focus on the methods used when working during school lessons of the Polish language; methods which employ mindful poetry. The author argues that there exists a relationship between internal equanimity and global peace.

Introductory remarks

1957 ◽  
Vol 147 (929) ◽  
pp. 423-426 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Material ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Title Page ◽  
Robert Boyle ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Charles Ii

Nearly three hundred years ago, in 1665, Robert Boyle published a series of remarkable essays on the effects of cold. The title page of the second edition, which was published 18 years later, and included biological material, is reproduced in figure 1. Boyle was a member of the group which used to meet at Gresham College, and was one of the members of the first Council of the Royal Society named in the Charter granted by Charles II. Christopher Merret, also mentioned on the title page, was another of the early Fellows of the Society, having signed the Charter Book in 1663. The subject under discussion today, therefore, has not only a long history, but also the distinction of early association with the Royal Society. In Boyle’s day it seems to have been thought less reputable. His paper on ‘New thermometrical experiments and thoughts’ opens as follows: ‘It may to most men appear a work of needless Curiosity, or superfluous diligence, to examine sollicitously, by what Criterion or way of estimate the Coldness of Bodies, and the degrees of it are to be judg’d; Since Coldness being a Tactile Quality, it seems impertinent to seek for any other judges of It than the Organs of that sense, whose proper object it is.’

scholarly journals Germanizmy emotywno-oceniające w gwarach kujawskich: nazwy osób

LingVaria ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2(32)) ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
Zofia Sawaniewska-Mochowa ◽  
Katarzyna Siewert-Kowalkowska
Keyword(s):  
German Language ◽  
German Original ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Subject

Emotive-Evaluative Germanisms in the Kuyavian Dialect: Names of Persons The article contributes to the knowledge on the sources of lexical borrowings from German into Polish dialects. The subject of the analysis includes selected names of persons that are Germanisms, characterized by expressiveness, and documented in the Kuyavian dialect. The vocabulary of this region has never been studied in this aspect. The material was taken from the 1st Volume of The Dialect and Culture Dictionary of Kuyavia, and from its file. The term “Germanism” is understood broadly in this paper. Germanisms are considered not only as proper borrowings from the German language and dialects, but also as derivatives which were created in the native Kuyavian land on the basis of German original forms, using various nominative techniques. Four ways of penetrating the German influence into the Polish language were indicated. Various criteria were used in the analysis of these German loans: formal, etymological, semantic and geographical ones. A typology of expressivisms, developed by Stanisław Grabias, was utilised. The article presents seventeen Germanisms in the Kuyavian dialect that define a man in terms of his physicalness, psyche and material status, in the context of the comparison with the semantically similar vocabulary in other regions of Poland and with non-general varieties of Polish. These are names that mostly reflect negative valuation (e.g. gałgan, fagas, huncwot, rojber, ekensztyjer, lofer, lump), and that are already present in the meanings and expressiveness of the German basic forms.

scholarly journals Verbal prefixation and realizations of antipassive alternations in Polish

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 169-186
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Mroczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Verbal Prefixes ◽  
Argument Realization ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Subject ◽  
National Corpus

Various works on transitivity suggest that aspectual notions may constitute semantic determinants of argument realization. Observations included in these works prompted theories implying that argument realization may be aspectually driven. Following this line of thought, this article presents the results of corpus-based studies on antipassive structure in the Polish language and makes an attempt at confirming the fact that aspectual notion may determine argument realization. The article consists of three main sections. The first one focuses on notions of aspect and various aspectual propositions distinguished in the literature on the subject, regarding the Polish language in particular. The second section, illustrated with examples extracted from the National Corpus of Polish (NKJP) and the corpus of Wielki Słownik Języka Polskiego (KWSJP), gives an overview of Polish perfectivizing verbal prefixes, i.e. a roz‑, na-, o-/ob- and u-prefix, and deals with the effect they may have on sentence structure and semantics. It also shows how the prefixed verbs combine with the marker się, which flags antipassive, i.e. is a recurring marker attested in antipassive constructions in the Polish language. In section three, an attempt is made at analyzing the interrelations between aspect and antipassive reading of a structure. As it seems that a perfective prefix used with a verb imposes certain requirements on the argument structure of the verb it combines with, we also offer a possible explanation to different aspectual requirements of verbs occurring in antipassive structures, assuming that projections coded in a verb may play a role here.

scholarly journals O języku dziennika Marii Dąbrowskiej

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-90
Author(s):  
Andrzej Markowski
Keyword(s):  
Reported Speech ◽  
General Attitude ◽  
Indirect Speech ◽  
Stylistic Elements ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The 1950S

The article puts forwards the thesis that the language in most of Maria Dąbrowska’s diaries was a conscious creation on the part of the writer and was not the result of a spontaneous recording of events and the author’s experiences. It should also be assumed that Dąbrowska wrote the diaries with the view that they would later (probably posthumously) be published and that she consciously used that style and linguistic tricks. The diaries include not only the author’s narrative but also direct and indirect speech, as well as seemingly reported speech. One can only admire Dąbrowska’s mastery of language, whereby she was able to combine various linguistic and stylistic elements in order to create a cohesive whole in specific entries in the diaries. The article also shows the evolution of the style of Maria Dąbrowska’s diaries from the relatively unoriginal, youthful style of the diaries of the 1920s to the mature, original style of the diaries of the 1950s and 1960s. It also shows that the author – depending on the subject and its importance – used vocabularies for various registers of the Polish language: from academic and officialese, through careful standard Polish (most frequently), to colloquial and even vulgar language. Some attention is paid to the author’s awareness of language, as well as her general attitude to both the language of her own works as well as to linguists. This article is only a preliminary study – the language of Maria Dąbrowska’s diaries deserves detailed study.

scholarly journals Z historii składni polskiej

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Bednarczuk
Keyword(s):  
Polish Language ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Syntax

The subject of the article are certain conjuctional constructions in ancient Polish language with (1) sociative preposition, (2) participle, (3) verbe – sentence, (4) hypotaxis – parataxis, (5) repeated conjunction (polysyndeton). In conclusion is presented state and perspectives of researches in historical syntax.

scholarly journals Wpływy składniowe gwar kaszubskich na lokalną mówioną polszczyznę

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
Hanna Makurat
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Language Area

Syntactic influences of Kashubian dialects on local Polish speechThis article is the result of field research conducted in the Kashubian language area. The analysis of the Polish texts acquired during the research showed that on the syntactic plane there is an interference of the Kashubian dialects in the Polish language. As a result of the Kashubian dialects’ impact on spoken Polish, the following phenomena were revealed in the informants’ statements: changes in verb government, the use of prepositions characteristic of Kashubian, and the influence of Kashubian-specificuse of conjunction indicators. However, it is uncertain whether the use of genetivus partitivus, the frequent repetition of the subject, and the frequent use of the attributive expressed by an indicating pronoun, can be considered as interferences of Kashubian dialects in the Polish language because these features are also characteristic of everyday Polish. Wpływy składniowe gwar kaszubskich na lokalną mówioną polszczyznęNiniejszy artykuł jest wynikiem badań terenowych przeprowadzonych na kaszubskim obszarze językowym. Analiza uzyskanych w wyniku badań tekstów polskojęzycznych wykazała interferencje gwar kaszubskich w polsz­czyźnie na płaszczyźnie składniowej. W wyniku wpływu gwar kaszubskich na mówiony język polski w wypowiedziach informatorów odnotowano zmiany w zakresie rekcji czasownika, wpływy w zakresie właściwego kaszubszczyźnie użycia przyimków oraz wpływy w zakresie użycia wskaźników zespolenia. Niepewne jest natomiast, czy za interferencje gwar kaszubskich w polszczyźnie można uznać użycie dopełniacza cząstkowego, częste powtarzanie podmiotu i częste użycie przydawki wyrażonej zaimkiem wskazującym, właściwości te charakterystyczne są bowiem również dla potocznej polszczyzny.

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