scholarly journals Digital Mapping of Surface Soil Salinity in Khuzestan Province, Using Regression Kriging

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Regression Kriging ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
Digital Mapping

scholarly journals Relationship between Soil Salinization and Groundwater Hydration in Yaoba Oasis, Northwest China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqing Cui ◽  
Yudong Lu ◽  
Ce Zheng ◽  
Zhiheng Liu ◽  
Jiamei Sai
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Soil Salt ◽  
The Relationship

Precipitation is scarce and evaporation is intense in desert areas. Groundwater is used as the main water source to develop agriculture in the oases. However, the effects of using groundwater on the ecological environment elicit widespread public concern. This study investigated the relationship between soil salinity and groundwater characteristics in Yaoba Oasis through in situ experiments. The relationship of the mineral content, pH, and main ion content of groundwater with soil salt was quantitatively evaluated through a gray relational analysis. Four main results were obtained. First, the fresh water area with low total dissolved solid (TDS) was usually HCO3− or SO42− type water, and salt water was mostly Cl− and SO42−. The spatial distribution of main ions in groundwater during winter irrigation in November was basically consistent with that during spring irrigation in June. However, the spatial distribution of TDS differed in the two seasons. Second, soil salinization in the study area was severe, and the salinization rate reached 72.7%. In this work, the spatial variability of soil salinization had a relatively large value, and the values in spring were greater than those in autumn. Third, the soil in the irrigated area had a high salt content, and the salt ion content of surface soil was higher than that of subsoil. A piper trilinear diagram revealed that Ca2+ and K+ + Na+ were the main cations. SO42−, Cl−, and HCO3− were the main anions, and salinization soil mainly contained SO42−. Fourth, the changes in soil salt and ion contents in the 0–10 cm soil layer were approximately similar to those of irrigation water quality, both of which showed an increasing trend. The correlation of surface soil salinity with the salinity of groundwater and its chemical components was high. In summary, this study identified the progress of irrigation water quality in soil salinization and provided a scientific basis for improving the oasis ecosystem, maintaining the healthy development of agriculture, managing oasis water resources, and policy development. Our findings can serve as a reference for other, similar oasis research.

Surface Soil Salinity and Soluble Salts after 15 Applications of Composted or Stockpiled Manure with Straw or Wood-Chips

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Miller ◽  
Bruce Beasley ◽  
Craig Drury ◽  
Frank Larney ◽  
Xiying Hao
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Soluble Salts

scholarly journals Assessing the Ability of Kriging Methods for Mapping Surface Soil Salinity in Ahvaz County

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (77) ◽  
pp. 127-143
Author(s):  
Z. Savari ◽  
S. Hojati ◽  
R. Taghizadeh-Mehrjerdi ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Surface Soil

scholarly journals Multivariate Analysis of Soil Salinity in a Semi-Humid Irrigated District of China: Concern about a Recent Water Project

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2104
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Dong Du ◽  
Dongli Ji ◽  
Yaonan Bai ◽  
Wanjun Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Groundwater Table ◽  
Groundwater Depth ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Irrigation Canals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Density Of Irrigation

The Chaobai River (CBR) basin in northern China is experiencing an unprecedented continuous inflow of external water via the South–North Water Diversion Project, which has channeled water from the southern part of the country to the north. Consequently, the steady rise of groundwater table in recent years is threatening soil salinity regulation. The purpose of this study was to describe the status of salinity of the surface soil in the CBR basin and to evaluate the impact of environmental factors including groundwater table on the spatial distribution of soil salinity using multivariate analysis (MVA) technique. In this study, 10 chemical variables of soil samples collected in 204 sites along CBR were analyzed, considering their interaction with three environmental factors: the density of irrigation canals, groundwater depth and topography. Statistical analysis mainly consisted of principal component analysis (PCA), redundancy analysis (RDA) and clustering analysis (CA). The results allow defining the surface soil in the CBR basin as a slightly saline and moderately alkaline media. The first two axes of multivariate model approximately explains 51% of the observed variability and allows distinguishing two main domains: the saline and the alkaline. The variability of the saline domain, defined by major cations and anions, is obviously controlled by macro environmental factors, of which the density of irrigation canals and groundwater depth contributes 71% and 28%, respectively, while that of the alkaline domain, related to pH and bicarbonate, mainly manifests as singular behaviors of soil groups like rice cultivation or sewage irrigation. The results suggests that more attention should be paid to the ongoing water table rise to help inform future land management decisions and to prevent a double threat of both groundwater and surface water on soil salinization. Meanwhile, this study shows the enormous potential of MVA technique, specifically the complementary duo of RDA and CA, for integrating both global and local information of soil salinity and environmental factors.

Salt content of lateritic profiles in the Darling Range, Western Australia

Soil Research ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Dimmock ◽  
E Bettenay ◽  
MJ Mulcahy
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Bauxite Mining ◽  
The Past ◽  
Forested Areas

Soil cores from some 40 complete laterite profiles as deep as 40 m in the Darling Range, W.A., have been examined for salt content, and in some cases, pH. The sites cover a range of topographic situations from divides to valley floors, and of rainfall from 560 to 1350 mm per annum. Increases in surface soil salinity and in the salt concentration of water yields following clearing of the native hardwood forest are related to the amounts of soluble salts stored in the lateritic pallid zones. Storage increases as rainfall decreases in all slope situations. In low rainfall areas (<800 mm per annum) the salt stored under unit area of landscape in the profile down to bedrock is five times greater than in high rainfall areas (≫1000 mm per annum). One area with an annual rainfall of 600 mm has an estimated storage of nearly a million kg of total salts per ha and marked increases in surface soil salinity have occurred within 10 years of clearing. Although in the past, increasing soil salinity has mainly affected agricultural land, the present emphasis on bauxite mining in the forested areas of the Darling Range, particularly in the drier parts, poses new problems in revegetating the exposed saline and acid pallid zone clays after mining operations have ceased.

scholarly journals Digital Mapping of Soil Salinity and Crop Yield across a Coastal Agricultural Landscape Using Repeated Electromagnetic Induction (EMI) Surveys

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e0153377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongjiang Yao ◽  
Jingsong Yang ◽  
Danhua Wu ◽  
Wenping Xie ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Digital Mapping

Seasonal and stratigraphic controls in coastal floodplain soils

Soil Research ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
PH Walker
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Groundwater Salinity ◽  
Table Salt ◽  
Water Table Level ◽  
Upper Limit

Soils of the Macleay River coastal floodplain are developed in a relatively thin veneer of alluvium which is underlain by extensive estuarine deposits representing the postglacial rise of sea level. Soil particle size, water table, salt, and pH distributions relate to catenary variations from levee to back swamp and acid aeration products derived from the underlying estuarine beds. Groundwater data from 50 swampland locations for the period 1962 to 1968 showed strong seasonal trends. At 39 sites, water-table level correlated closely and positively (P < 0.05) with rainfall summed for the 6 months (log R6) prior to the month of sampling. Groundwater salinity at 20 sites correlated negatively (P < 0.05) with water-table level. Surface soil salinity up to 7.8% and groundwater pH as low as 2 were recorded during the 7-year period. Aeration experiments showed that reserves of estuarine sediment occurred in certain swamplands which were capable of further acid production. Programmes of swamp drainage need to avoid exposure of these reserves. A system of shallow drains, set no deeper than the upper limit of the estuarine deposits, could be used both to remove excess flood water from back swamps and to remove salts produced by aeration of the estuarine materials.

scholarly journals Numerical classification and digital mapping of coastal plain sands of Southeastern Nigeria

Agro-Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
J.C. Obi ◽  
I.B. Udoh ◽  
F.R. Adefila ◽  
U.E. Brownson
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
Regression Kriging ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Digital Technique ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Digital Mapping ◽  
Terrain Attributes

The study classified the coastal plain sands of south-eastern Nigeria at the series level and modeled the classification using digital terrain attributes. The study utilized 72 secondary and 12 primary profile pits data generated from 24 and 4 locations (at 3 per location) for classification/modelling and validation respectively. The three profile pits per location represents the three topographic positions of upper, middle and lower slopes. Digital elevation model was also utilized for the generation of terrain attributes. Soil morphological characteristics were coded for suitability in statistical analysis. Hierarchical clustering was utilized in the grouping of the soil into 17 homogeneous groups referred to as soil series. Regression kriging was used to model the predicted soil series within the area covered by coastal plain sands in Akwa Ibom State. The variables that could be used in the modelling of the different classified soil series include Sand Content, aspect, flow accumulation, compound topographic index (CTI), elevation, hill shade, slope, curvature, flow direction, stream power index (SPI), profile curvature, tangential curvature (R2 = 0.21).Out of the 17 soil series classified, 14 was successfully mapped using digital technique. It was observed that 66.7% of the classified soil series were accurately predicted using digital mapping technique. The classifications carried out numerically made use of morphological discrete variables whereas digital used empirically determined continuous variables which could be more accurate. Therefore it could be inferred that the digitally produced soil  classification is more accurate and 14 soil series could be identified and mapped in the study area. Key words: pedogenesis, digital soil mapping, soil series, hierarchical clusters, regression kriging

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