scholarly journals Bovine Papillomatosis in a One-Year-Old Kedah Kelantan Cross Cattle Calf

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-243
Keyword(s):  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Bovine Papillomavirus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Fecal Examination ◽  
Epidermal Proliferation ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
One Year ◽  
Malignant Neoplasia ◽  
Benign Mass

Bovine papillomatosis is an infectious disease, characterized by the presence of multiple benign mass that can regress spontaneously or progress into malignant neoplasia caused by bovine papillomavirus. Epidermal proliferation causes the lesion to have the keratotic surface that resembles a cauliflower. In this case report, bovine papillomatosis that was encountered in a farm at UMK Bachok, Kelantan will be discussed. A year-old male Kedah Kelantan (KK) cross cattle calf was presented with a presence of multiple, circular, around 1-2cm in diameter, wart-like lesion localized on the ventral part of the mandible and on the chin. A series of diagnostic approaches had been conducted to reach the definitive diagnosis, which includes biopsy for histopathology, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fecal examination.

scholarly journals Chronic Invasive Fungal Sinusitis With Negative Histopathology: A Diagnostic Challenge

2021 ◽  
pp. 014556132097377
Author(s):  
Anne Ning ◽  
Arminé Kocharyan ◽  
W Colby Brown ◽  
Brian D’Anza
Keyword(s):  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Invasive Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Fungal Organisms ◽  
Fungal Dna ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Histopathologic Findings ◽  
Chronic Invasive

Although the diagnosis of chronic invasive fungal sinusitis relies chiefly on identification of invasive fungi on histology, the insidious nature of the disease can preclude detection of fungal organisms. Here, we present a case of chronic invasive fungal sinusitis with negative histopathologic findings and a definitive diagnosis made through fungal DNA detection. Clinicians should consider polymerase chain reaction an important complement to histology and culture in the diagnosis of chronic invasive fungal sinusitis.

Smallpox

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Smith
Keyword(s):  
Viral Antigen ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
Smallpox Virus ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Initial Release ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Symptoms of the smallpox virus include fever and a progressive papular rash that becomes vesicular and then pustular. A systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) leads to septic shock and death in 30% of cases. The definitive diagnosis can be confirmed via blood samples, lesion contents, or scrapings from crusts analyzed using electron microscopy, viral antigen immunohistochemistry, or polymerase chain reaction. The suspicion of a single smallpox case should lead to immediate notification of local public health authorities and the hospital epidemiologist. Because the disease does not exist in nature, smallpox should be considered the result of a bioterrorist attack until proven otherwise. An epidemiologic investigation is essential for determining the perimeter of the initial release so that tracking and quarantine of those exposed can be completed. Patients are extremely contagious and must be placed on contact, droplet, and airborne precautions in a negative pressure room.

Canine visceral leishmaniasis: diagnostic approaches based on polymerase chain reaction employing different biological samples

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arleana B.P.F. Almeida ◽  
Valéria R.F. Sousa ◽  
Naiani D. Gasparetto ◽  
Givago F.R. da Silva ◽  
Fabiano B. Figueiredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals First report of bovine papillomavirus genotypes in cutaneous lesions by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing in Panama

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (32) ◽  
pp. 1098-1104
Author(s):  
González Rita ◽  
Murillo Manuel ◽  
Elena Castillo M. Hilda ◽  
Jaén Marcelino ◽  
Villalobos-Cortés Axel
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Bovine Papillomavirus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
First Report ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of clinical multiresistant isolates of Acinetobacter sp. from hospitals in Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 725-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Einsfeld Ferreira ◽  
Desirée Padilha Marchetti ◽  
Gabriela Rosa da Cunha ◽  
Lyvia Moreira de Oliveira ◽  
Daiane Bopp Fuentefria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Acinetobacter Sp ◽  
One Year

INTRODUCTION: Hospitals around the world have presented multiresistant Acinetobacter sp. outbreaks. The spread of these isolates that harbor an increasing variety of resistance genes makes the treatment of these infections and their control within the hospital environment more difficult. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and dissemination of Acinetobacter sp. multiresistant isolates and to identify acquired resistance genes. METHODS: We analyzed 274 clinical isolates of Acinetobacter sp. from five hospitals in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. We evaluated the susceptibility to antimicrobial, acquired resistance genes from Ambler's classes B and D, and performed molecular typing of the isolates using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) technique. RESULTS: A high (68%) percentage of multiresistant isolates of Acinetobacter sp. was observed, and 69% were resistant to carbapenems. We identified 84% of isolates belonging to species A. baumannii because they presented the gene blaOXA-51. The gene blaOXA-23 was detected in 62% of the isolates, and among these, 98% were resistant to carbapenems. Using the ERIC-PCR technique, we identified clones of Acinetobacter sp. spread among the four hospitals analyzed during the sampling period. CONCLUSIONS: The data indicate the dissemination of Acinetobacter sp. isolates among hospitals and their permanence in the hospital after one year.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. among imported broiler drumsticks and wings sold in Lithuania

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominyka Baltutytė ◽  
Laura Babonytė ◽  
Sigita Ramonaitė
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

The aim of this research was to estimate the prevalence of Campylobacter in imported broiler drumsticks and wings. During the one-year study period, 138 imported broiler samples (raw wings and drumsticks) were collected and tested from 3 different sellers. Campylobacter spp. were detected and isolated using traditional microbiological methods, identified using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The results of PCR products were analysed in agarose gel using electrophoresis. After an epidemiological study, C. jejuni and C. coli strains were selected and the prevalence of virulence genes was evaluated. The study identified Campylobacter spp. in 36 (26.1%) samples – 19 raw wings (27.9%) and 17 raw drumsticks (24.3%) samples were infected with these bacteria. Campylobacter spp. were most frequently detected in raw broiler samples during autumn (September–November) (47.2%) and winter (December–February) (41.6%) periods than spring (March–May) (5.5%) or summer (June–August) (5.5%). Contamination of products was not significantly impacted by the sale location (p > 0.05). The examination of virulence factors of Campylobacter spp. revealed that C. jejuni and C. coli strains contain 2 out of 3 virulence genes – CadF and CdtA. The CdtA gene was found in nearly all tested Campylobacter spp. strains isolated from broiler samples (94.4%).

Evaluation of Paromomycin Treatment for Cryptosporidium serpentis Infection in Eastern Indigo Snakes (Drymarchon couperi)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E Bogan ◽  
Michelle Hoffman ◽  
Falicia Dickerson ◽  
Mark A. Mitchell ◽  
Michael M. Garner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Item ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Gastric Biopsy ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing ◽  
Serial Sampling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
One Year

Thirty-four eastern indigo snakes ( Drymarchon couperi ) naturally infected with Cryptosporidium serpentis were randomly divided into two groups. The first group received 360 mg/kg paromomycin twice weekly in a food item for six weeks, while the second group received the food item with no treatment. Cloacal swabs were collected every two months for six months to measure C. serpentis shedding by quantitative polymerase chain reaction testing (qPCR). Snakes that were qPCR negative after six 6 months were immunosuppressed with a single dose of 4 mg/kg dexamethasone sodium-phosphate SC. These snakes were then screened by qPCR for an additional 6 months as described above. Snakes that were qPCR negative after one year of serial sampling were then re-evaluated for C. serpentis via gastric biopsy for histological and qPCR analyses. The paromomycin-treated group were significantly (p=0.008) more likely to test qPCR negative (8/17; 47%, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 23.2-70.7) than the control snakes (1/17; 5.8%, 95% CI: 0.01-16.9) prior to immunosuppression. However, there was no significant difference (p=0.5) in C. serpentis status following immunosuppression as only 2/17 (11.7%, 95% CI: 0.01-26.9) paromomycin-treated snakes were qPCR negative six months after immunosuppression compared to 1/17 (5.8%, 95% CI: 95% CI: 0.01-16.9) control snakes. These findings suggest that 360 mg/kg paromomycin twice weekly for six weeks in a food item is ineffective in eliminating C. serpentis in naturally infected D. couperi .

scholarly journals Evaluation of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction for early diagnosis of ventriculostomy-related infections

2015 ◽  
Vol 123 (6) ◽  
pp. 1586-1592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire L. Gordon ◽  
Rafal Tokarz ◽  
Thomas Briese ◽  
W. Ian Lipkin ◽  
Komal Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Parallel Testing ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches ◽  
Polymerase Chain

OBJECT Diagnosis of ventriculostomy-related infections (VRIs) is challenging due to the lack of rapid, sensitive assays for pathogen detection. The authors report the development of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for differential diagnosis of common VRI pathogens. METHODS MassTag PCR was used to develop a multiplex assay for detection of 11 VRI pathogens. The assay was established and optimized using cloned template standards and spiked samples and was then evaluated on CSF specimens from ventricular drains. Subjects were grouped into definite VRI, possible VRI, or no VRI based on conventional microbiology, CSF evaluation, and clinical parameters. RESULTS CSF specimens were obtained from 45 subjects (median age 49 years, interquartile range 32–63 years; 51% were male). The assay detected 10–100 genome copies. It detected a pathogen in 100% (6 of 6) of definite VRI cases in which a pathogen targeted by the assay was present; these represented 67% of all definite VRIs (6 of 9). Among subjects with a possible VRI, the assay detected a pathogen in 29% (5 of 17). In subjects without overt infection the presence of a pathogen was detected in 32% of subjects (6 of 19), albeit with lower signal compared with the VRI group. CONCLUSIONS MassTag PCR enabled parallel testing of CSF specimens for 11 pathogens of VRI. The high sensitivity of PCR combined with possible device colonization, specimen contamination, and concurrent antibiotic treatments limit the clinical value of the assay, similar to other current diagnostic approaches. With further optimization, multiplex PCR may provide timely identification of multiple possible VRI pathogens and guide management, complementing classic culture approaches.

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