scholarly journals New Approach for the Synthesis of Aryloxy 1,3-Oxazines

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ghufran T Sadeek ◽  
◽  
Mohammad S Al-Ajely Al-Ajely ◽  
Neim H Saleem ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starting Material ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Pharmaceutical Application ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Difference

Oxazinne compounds have drew the attention of many researchers to find different approaches to the synthesis of this type of compounds according to the success of their use in a wide range of pharmaceutical application during the last decades .It is also for the difference reactivity of these analogues is exhaustively depicted and illustrates the rich versatility of this class of starting material. They proved to have most of actions of a combination of other drugs. We are herein investigate the synthesis of ethyl aryloxy acetate(S1-6) from the reaction of the corresponding ethyl bromo acetate with aryl phenols.These intermediates were cyclized with antharanilic acid affording the titled compounds.

scholarly journals New Approach for the Synthesis of Aryloxy 1,3-Oxazines

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ghufran T Sadeek ◽  
◽  
Mohammad S Al-Ajely ◽  
Neim H Saleem ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starting Material ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Pharmaceutical Application ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Difference

Oxazinne compounds have drew the attention of many researchers to find different approaches to the synthesis of this type of compounds according to the success of their use in a wide range of pharmaceutical application during the last decades .It is also for the difference reactivity of these analogues is exhaustively depicted and illustrates the rich versatility of this class of starting material. They proved to have most of actions of a combination of other drugs. We are herein investigate the synthesis of ethyl aryloxy acetate(S1-6) from the reaction of the corresponding ethyl bromo acetate with aryl phenols .These intermediates were cyclized with antharanilic acid affording the titled compounds

scholarly journals NEW APPROACH FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF ARYLOXY 1,3-OXAZINES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
Ghufran T. Sadeek ◽  
Mohammad S.Al-jely ◽  
Neim H. Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Starting Material ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Pharmaceutical Application ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Difference

Oxazine compounds have drew the attention  of many researchers to find different approaches to the synthesis of this type of compounds  according to the success of their use in a wide range of pharmaceutical application during the last decades  .It is  also for the difference    reactivity of these analogues is exhaustively depicted and illustrates the rich versatility of this class of starting material. They proved to have  most of actions of a combination of other drugs. We are herein investigate the synthesis of ethyl aryloxy acetate(S1-6)  from the reaction of the corresponding ethyl bromo acetate with aryl phenols .These intermediates were cyclized with antharanilic acid affording the titled compounds

A new approach to the measurement of the quantitative effects of inherent and environmental factors on the composition of the milk of individual cows and of herds, with particular reference to lactose content

1968 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Walsh ◽  
J. A. F. Rook ◽  
F. H. Dodd
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Effect Of Age

Summary(1) A tentative scheme is proposed for the quantitative estimation of the effects of various factors on one major milk constituent, lactose, from analyses of the milk of individual cows within herds. The potential lactose content in the milk of individual cows is predicted from the observed potassium-to-lactose ratio in the milk, and the difference between the predicted potential and the actual lactose content is partitioned into fractions that are attributed to effects due to age, inter-quarter difference and changes with stage of lactation. The scheme was applied to 2 commercial herds, one (herd A) producing milk of low and the other (herd B) milk of normal SNF content.(2) Lactation mean values for fat, SNF and lactose contents of the milk of individual cows showed a wide range of the same order in each of the 2 herds. Of the mean difference in SNF percentage of 0·30 between the herds, 0·14, or 47%, was due to a difference in lactose content.(3) The predicted potential milk lactose content of the cows in the 2 herds ranged from 5·04 to 5·66 (g/100 g milk water). Herd mean values were 5·394 for herd A and 5·244 for herd B.(4) Herd mean values for the effect on the lactose content (g/100 g milk water) of age, of changes with stage of lactation and of inter-quarter difference were −0·127, −0·080, and 0·073 respectively in herd A, and −0·197, −0·058 and −0·078, respectively, in herd B.(5) The relative importance of the various factors in accounting for differences between the herds in the lactose content of their bulk milk were: predicted potential lactose content 61%, effect of age 28%, effect of changes with stage of lactation 9% and effect of inter-quarter difference 2%.(6) The errors attached to the estimation of potential milk lactose content and the effects of age, of changes with stage of lactation and of inter-quarter difference are discussed.

scholarly journals Linearization of Nongray Radiation Exchange: The Internal Fractional Function Reconsidered

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Lienhard V
Keyword(s):  
Black Body ◽  
Black Body Radiation ◽  
Analytical Approximation ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Radiation Exchange ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Exact Calculations ◽  
Improved Accuracy ◽  
Fractional Function

The radiation fractional function is the fraction of black body radiation below a given value of λT. Edwards and others have distinguished between the traditional, or “external,” radiation fractional function and an “internal” radiation fractional function. The latter is used for linearization of net radiation from a nongray surface when the temperature of an effectively black environment is not far from the surface's temperature, without calculating a separate total absorptivity. This paper examines the analytical approximation involved in the internal fractional function, with results given in terms of the incomplete zeta function. A rigorous upper bound on the difference between the external and internal emissivity is obtained. Calculations using the internal emissivity are compared to exact calculations for several models and materials. A new approach to calculating the internal emissivity is developed, yielding vastly improved accuracy over a wide range of temperature differences. The internal fractional function should be used for evaluating radiation thermal resistances, in particular.

scholarly journals European Language Matters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Trudgill
Keyword(s):  
Prior Experience ◽  
European Language ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Football Match ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Difference ◽  
At Will

Why do Greek lorries have Metaphorés written on the side? Is it grammatically correct to say 'the best team won' after a football match? What is the difference between manly, male, masculine and macho? Bringing together Peter Trudgill's highly popular columns for the New European, this fascinating collection explores how English has been influenced, both linguistically and culturally, by its neighbouring languages in Europe. English is very much a European language and Trudgill delves in to the rich linguistic legacy that links all European languages. The bite-sized pieces are grouped together in thematically arranged sections, to allow the reader to dip in and out at will, and cover a wide range of topics, from the etymology of words, to illuminating pieces on grammar. Written in an engaging and lively style, and full of intriguing facts about language and languages in Europe, this book will appeal to both language specialists and to general readers with no prior experience.

Comparative Effects of High-Tech Visual Scene Displays and Low-Tech Isolated Picture Symbols on Engagement From Students With Multiple Disabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Holyfield ◽  
Sydney Brooks ◽  
Allison Schluterman
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Multiple Disabilities ◽  
Visual Scene ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Difference

Purpose Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is an intervention approach that can promote communication and language in children with multiple disabilities who are beginning communicators. While a wide range of AAC technologies are available, little is known about the comparative effects of specific technology options. Given that engagement can be low for beginning communicators with multiple disabilities, the current study provides initial information about the comparative effects of 2 AAC technology options—high-tech visual scene displays (VSDs) and low-tech isolated picture symbols—on engagement. Method Three elementary-age beginning communicators with multiple disabilities participated. The study used a single-subject, alternating treatment design with each technology serving as a condition. Participants interacted with their school speech-language pathologists using each of the 2 technologies across 5 sessions in a block randomized order. Results According to visual analysis and nonoverlap of all pairs calculations, all 3 participants demonstrated more engagement with the high-tech VSDs than the low-tech isolated picture symbols as measured by their seconds of gaze toward each technology option. Despite the difference in engagement observed, there was no clear difference across the 2 conditions in engagement toward the communication partner or use of the AAC. Conclusions Clinicians can consider measuring engagement when evaluating AAC technology options for children with multiple disabilities and should consider evaluating high-tech VSDs as 1 technology option for them. Future research must explore the extent to which differences in engagement to particular AAC technologies result in differences in communication and language learning over time as might be expected.

Inter-country inequality as a dynamic process and the problem of post-industrial development

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Grigoryev ◽  
V. A. Pavlyushina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Modern World ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Industrial

The phenomenon of economic growth is studied by economists and statisticians in various aspects for a long time. Economic theory is devoted to assessing factors of growth in the tradition of R. Solow, R. Barrow, W. Easterly and others. During the last quarter of the century, however, the institutionalists, namely D. North, D. Wallis, B. Weingast as well as D. Acemoglu and J. Robinson, have shown the complexity of the problem of development on the part of socioeconomic and political institutions. As a result, solving the problem of how economic growth affects inequality between countries has proved extremely difficult. The modern world is very diverse in terms of development level, and the article offers a new approach to the formation of the idea of stylized facts using cluster analysis. The existing statistics allows to estimate on a unified basis the level of GDP production by 174 countries of the world for 1992—2016. The article presents a structured picture of the world: the distribution of countries in seven clusters, different in levels of development. During the period under review, there was a strong per capita GDP growth in PPP in the middle of the distribution, poverty in various countries declined markedly. At the same time, in 1992—2016, the difference increased not only between rich and poor groups of countries, but also between clusters.

COMBINATORIAL POLYNOMIALLY COMPUTABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTITUTIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR NIKONOV ◽  
◽  
ANTON ZOBOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Expectation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bijective Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Element Base ◽  
Selection Of

The construction and selection of a suitable bijective function, that is, substitution, is now becoming an important applied task, particularly for building block encryption systems. Many articles have suggested using different approaches to determining the quality of substitution, but most of them are highly computationally complex. The solution of this problem will significantly expand the range of methods for constructing and analyzing scheme in information protection systems. The purpose of research is to find easily measurable characteristics of substitutions, allowing to evaluate their quality, and also measures of the proximity of a particular substitutions to a random one, or its distance from it. For this purpose, several characteristics were proposed in this work: difference and polynomial, and their mathematical expectation was found, as well as variance for the difference characteristic. This allows us to make a conclusion about its quality by comparing the result of calculating the characteristic for a particular substitution with the calculated mathematical expectation. From a computational point of view, the thesises of the article are of exceptional interest due to the simplicity of the algorithm for quantifying the quality of bijective function substitutions. By its nature, the operation of calculating the difference characteristic carries out a simple summation of integer terms in a fixed and small range. Such an operation, both in the modern and in the prospective element base, is embedded in the logic of a wide range of functional elements, especially when implementing computational actions in the optical range, or on other carriers related to the field of nanotechnology.

Factors Affecting Molecular Self-Assembly and Its Mechanism

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hueyling Tan
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Molecular Engineering ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Polymer Science ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dna Structures ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Wide Range

Molecular self-assembly is ubiquitous in nature and has emerged as a new approach to produce new materials in chemistry, engineering, nanotechnology, polymer science and materials. Molecular self-assembly has been attracting increasing interest from the scientific community in recent years due to its importance in understanding biology and a variety of diseases at the molecular level. In the last few years, considerable advances have been made in the use ofpeptides as building blocks to produce biological materials for wide range of applications, including fabricating novel supra-molecular structures and scaffolding for tissue repair. The study ofbiological self-assembly systems represents a significant advancement in molecular engineering and is a rapidly growing scientific and engineering field that crosses the boundaries ofexisting disciplines. Many self-assembling systems are rangefrom bi- andtri-block copolymers to DNA structures as well as simple and complex proteins andpeptides. The ultimate goal is to harness molecular self-assembly such that design andcontrol ofbottom-up processes is achieved thereby enabling exploitation of structures developed at the meso- and macro-scopic scale for the purposes oflife and non-life science applications. Such aspirations can be achievedthrough understanding thefundamental principles behind the selforganisation and self-synthesis processes exhibited by biological systems.

Generalized Heterodyne Configurations for Photo-induced Force Microscopy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Wang ◽  
Devon Jakob ◽  
Haomin Wang ◽  
Alexis Apostolos ◽  
Marcos M. Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Repetition Rate ◽  
Modulation Frequency ◽  
High Harmonic ◽  
Chemical Imaging ◽  
Heterodyne Detection ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Afm Cantilever

<div>Infrared chemical microscopy through mechanical probing of light-matter interactions by atomic force microscopy (AFM) bypasses the diffraction limit. One increasingly popular technique is photo-induced force microscopy (PiFM), which utilizes the mechanical heterodyne signal detection between cantilever mechanical resonant oscillations and the photo induced force from light-matter interaction. So far, photo induced force microscopy has been operated in only one heterodyne configuration. In this article, we generalize heterodyne configurations of photoinduced force microscopy by introducing two new schemes: harmonic heterodyne detection and sequential heterodyne detection. In harmonic heterodyne detection, the laser repetition rate matches integer fractions of the difference between the two mechanical resonant modes of the AFM cantilever. The high harmonic of the beating from the photothermal expansion mixes with the AFM cantilever oscillation to provide PiFM signal. In sequential heterodyne detection, the combination of the repetition rate of laser pulses and polarization modulation frequency matches the difference between two AFM mechanical modes, leading to detectable PiFM signals. These two generalized heterodyne configurations for photo induced force microscopy deliver new avenues for chemical imaging and broadband spectroscopy at ~10 nm spatial resolution. They are suitable for a wide range of heterogeneous materials across various disciplines: from structured polymer film, polaritonic boron nitride materials, to isolated bacterial peptidoglycan cell walls. The generalized heterodyne configurations introduce flexibility for the implementation of PiFM and related tapping mode AFM-IR, and provide possibilities for additional modulation channel in PiFM for targeted signal extraction with nanoscale spatial resolution.</div>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document