scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Bachoo ◽  
Shurland Balliram ◽  
Jacqueline Bridge
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Connected Components ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Wide Range

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are important modules which are incorporated in a wide range of industrial equipment and machinery for the purpose of control or signal manipulation applications. PCBs situated in dynamic environments may be prone to failure from excessive amounts of cyclical stresses arising from harmonic or random vibration sources. The ability to numerically model and predict the dynamic behaviour of PCBs and associated components is therefore a valuable tool for analysts concerned with PCB reliability. In this paper, experimental vibration analysis and the finite element method (FEM) are used to investigate the changes in resonant behaviour of a PCB as the mass, location and stiffness of electronic components vary. Circuit boards that are either sparsely or densely populated with ubiquitous soldered electronic components such as resistors, transistors, capacitors and integrated circuits are considered. The analysis indicates that for boards with a small number of components the natural frequency decreases compared to that of the bare PCB whilst a board with a larger number of soldered components has a corresponding increase. It is also shown that the overall effect of the solder is to reduce the natural frequency of the PCB and to a lesser extent the damping ratio. The study identifies the potential of tailoring the vibration response of a PCB by the appropriate selection and location of its connected components.

Suitable Conditions for Effective Inter Chip Communication based on Surface Wave Phenomenon

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahaveer Penna ◽  
Shiva Shankar ◽  
Keshava Murthy ◽  
Jijesh J J
Keyword(s):  
Surface Wave ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
High Data ◽  
Low Dispersion

Background: The communication between two Integrated Circuits (IC) of the Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) currently happening through copper traces which allow electric charge to flow. Several limitations being encountered with the copper traces during high data rate communication because of the resistivity factors, which eventually leads to the damage of traces and the system. Methods: The solution for this issue comes with the design of surface wave communication-based waveguide/channel between the IC’s. Surface wave communication over a specified communication fabric/channel performs the propagation of electromagnetic waves effectively even at high frequencies compared to the copper traces using conductor-dielectric combination. This paper deals in revealing suitable conditions through profound analytical models for achieving effective surface wave communication between the pins of integrated circuits. Results: The analysis includes defining the possible wave propagation terms, suitable channel design aspects for PCB application and corresponding analysis for effective communication at frequencies from 50GHz to 500GHz of millimeter range. This study provides the roadmap to explore a deterministic channel/fabric for pin to pin communication between the IC’s as an alternate for the copper traces. Conclusion: In this process, the proposed channel achieves low dispersion compared to the copper traces at millimeter frequency range.

PHM Features for Large Circuit Boards to Be Implemented Into Electric Drivetrain Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Otto ◽  
Eberhard Kaulfersch ◽  
Prashant Kumar Singh ◽  
Claudio Romano ◽  
Marcus Hildebrandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Deformation Analysis ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Early Warning Indicators ◽  
Warning Indicators

Abstract Canary structures being used as early warning indicators represent an important tool for condition and health monitoring of electronic components and systems. In this paper, printed circuit boards with canary structures based on SMD 2512 ceramic chip resistors with reduced solder pad sizes were studied. Focus of these investigations was set on thermo-mechanical and mechanical stresses caused by passive thermal cycling as well as by vibrational loads. For this purpose, experimental methods such as deformation analysis and accelerated ageing tests as well as finite element based methods were applied. In addition, an outlook on the implementation of these canary structures into dual inverter electronic control boards for electrical powertrain applications will be given.

scholarly journals Dismantling of Waste Printed Circuit Boards with the Simultaneous Recovery of Copper: Experimental Study and Process Modeling

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5186
Author(s):  
Szabolcs Fogarasi ◽  
Árpád Imre-Lucaci ◽  
Florica Imre-Lucaci
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Waste Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
The Impact

The study was carried out with the aim to demonstrate the applicability of a combined chemical–electrochemical process for the dismantling of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) created from different types of electronic equipment. The concept implies a simple and less polluting process that allows the chemical dismantling of WPCBs with the simultaneous recovery of copper from the leaching solution and the regeneration of the leaching agent. In order to assess the performance of the dismantling process, various tests were performed on different types of WPCBs using the 0.3 M FeCl3 in 0.5 M HCl leaching system. The experimental results show that, through the leaching process, the electronic components (EC) together with other fractions can be efficiently dismounted from the surface of WPCBs, with the parallel electrowinning of copper from the copper rich leaching solution. In addition, the process was scaled up for the dismantling of 100 kg/h WPCBs and modeled and simulated using process flow modelling software ChemCAD in order to assess the impact of all steps and equipment on the technical and environmental performance of the overall process. According to the results, the dismantling of 1 kg of WPCBs requires a total energy of 0.48 kWh, and the process can be performed with an overall low environmental impact based on the obtained general environmental indexes (GEIs) values.

scholarly journals Separation and Recovery of Fine Particles from Waste Circuit Boards Using an Inflatable Tapered Diameter Separation Bed

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenlong Duan ◽  
Cheng Sheng ◽  
Lingling Wu ◽  
Yuemin Zhao ◽  
Jinfeng He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Metal Recovery ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Recovery Rates ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Wide Range

Recovering particle materials from discarded printed circuit boards can enhance resource recycling and reduce environmental pollution. Efficiently physically separating and recovering fine metal particles (−0.5 mm) from the circuit boards are a key recycling challenge. To do this, a new type of separator, an inflatable tapered diameter separation bed, was developed to study particle motion and separation mechanisms in the bed’s fluid flow field. For 0.5–0.25 mm circuit board particles, metal recovery rates ranged from 87.56 to 94.17%, and separation efficiencies ranged from 87.71 to 94.20%. For 0.25–0.125 mm particles, metal recovery rates ranged from 84.76 to 91.97%, and separation efficiencies ranged from 84.74 to 91.86%. For superfine products (−0.125 mm), metal recovery rates ranged from 73.11 to 83.04%, and separation efficiencies ranged from 73.00 to 83.14%. This research showed that the inflatable tapered diameter separation bed achieved efficient particle separation and can be used to recover fine particles under a wide range of operational conditions. The bed offers a new mechanical technology to recycle valuable materials from discarded printed circuit boards, reducing environmental pollution.

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