scholarly journals Lactate dehydrogenase C4 (LDH-C4) is essential for the sperm count and motility: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (03) ◽  
pp. 152-165
Author(s):  
Baraa Saeed ◽  
Rayah Baban ◽  
Usama Al-Nasiri
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Km Value ◽  
Motility Of Sperm ◽  
Important Enzyme

Background: The lactate dehydrogenase C4 (LDH-C4) isoenzyme is an important enzyme involved in metabolic processes that are needed for spermatogenesis and sperm motility. Objectives: This study aims to assess the activity and kinetic parameters (maximum velocity, Vmax and Michaelis constant, Km) of LDH-C4 in fertile and infertile (azoospermia and oligospermia) men in Baghdad City, Iraq. Methods: A total of 120 participants (80 infertile and 40 healthy fertile men) were included in the current study. The patients were sub-grouped into: 40 infertile men with oligospermia, and 40 infertile men with azoospermia. The oligospermia patients were further subdivided into subgroups based on sperm count and motility. Semen samples were obtained by masturbation after 3-5 days abstain for seminal fluid analysis. The microscopic test included the assessment of the count, motility and morphology of the sperms. In addition, the coulometric assay was used for measuring the activity and kinetic parameters of LDH-C4 enzyme. Results: The activity of LDH-C4 is significantly higher in fertile men when compared with infertile subjects (fertile: 403.13±189.90, oligospermia: 110.01±58.13, azoospermia: 39.06±28.15; p≤0.01). Statistically significant differences in LDH-C4 activity were also noted among patients with oligospermia based on sperms count and motility. Based on sperms’ count in patients with oligospermia, a significantly higher LDH-C4 activity (p≤0.01) was noted in those with higher sperm count (10-15 million/ml) when compared to others who have lesser count. Significant elevation in enzyme activity (p≤0.01) was also observed in oligospermia patients with higher percentages of motile sperms when compared with others who have fewer percentages of motile sperms. Moreover, the highest Vmax value (0.483 mmol/L.min) and the lowest Km value (0.39 mmol/L.min) were recorded in fertile men. While, the lowest Vmax value (0.174 mmol/L.min) and the lowest Km value (0.75 mmol/L.min) were detected in azoospermia patients. Conclusions: Our results suggest that LDH-C4 is essential for the count and motility of sperm and may be considered as a therapeutic approach for infertility.

scholarly journals Assessment of Steroid 5 Alpha Reductase Enzyme Levels and Its Correlation with Sex Hormones in Infertile Iraqi Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 227-233
Author(s):  
Fakhry Gazal Mohammad ◽  
Adnan F. AL-Azzawie
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Normal Spermatogenesis ◽  
Low Levels

This study aims to evaluate the 5-alpha reductase enzyme (SRD5A2) levels in serum and it’s association with some sex hormones such as Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin and testosterone hormone and the infertility type in some infertile Iraqi men. Blood and seminal fluid samples from (60) idiopathic male infertile and (30) healthful individuals as a control group aged (18 to 60 year) are collected from private clinics. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) has been used for estimation of serum SRD5A as enzymes and FSH, LH, prolactin and testosterone as hormones.According to types of sperm count patients have been divided to two group 49 person as azoospermia group (zero /ml) and 11 person as oligospermia group less than 20 million/ml. The levels of SRD5A2 and testosterone are significantly decreased to (P≤0.01) in the infertile men as compared with control group. While the level of FSH, LH and prolactin are significantly higher (P≤ 0.01) in the infertile men than control group. The results of SRD5A2 are non-significant, while, levels of FSH, LH and prolactin are higher significant (P≤ 0.01) except testosterone level which has significant differences (P≤ 0.05) in the age groups <20-30 year, 31–40 year and ≥ 40 year. There are significant differences (P≤ 0.01) in levels of SRD5A2, FSH and prolactin, but the levels of LH are non-significant in the infertility period ≤ 10 year, 11 – 20 year, ≥ 20 year. Smoker infertile men have low levels (P≤ 0.01) in the SRD5A2 and prolactin while have high levels in the LH hormones compared with control. Patients with family history have shown significant differences (P≤0.05) in the levels of SRD5A2, testosterone, LH and prolactin. In conclusion, this study revealed significantly decrease in the levels ofSRD5A2 in the Azoospermic and oligospermic infertile men and significant negative correlation (P<0.05) between SRD5A2 pg/ml and FSH (mIu/ml) R factor-0.328. Therefore, SRD5A2 has important role in the diagnosis of idiopathic male infertility and it's one of the important markers in the diagnosis of normal spermatogenesis.

Seminal fluid analysis changes after testicular varicocelectomy in a sample of Iraqi patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Anwar Majed ◽  
Manal Rasheed ◽  
Mohammed Jasim
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
P Value ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Medical City ◽  
Fluid Parameters

Background: Semen analysis measures ejaculate volume, pH, sperm count, motility, forward progression, and morphology. Although semen analysis is not a test for infertility, it is considered the most important laboratory test in the evaluation of male fertility. There are many factors affecting the seminal fluid parameters and testicular varicocele is one of them. Varicoceles are the most commonly seen and correctable male infertility factor. Varicocelectomy is a common operation performed for infertile males with clinical varicocele. The aim of study to evaluate the seminal fluid parameters changes after testicular varicocelectomy. Patients and Method: A prospective cohort study was done at the Al Sader Medical City in Najaf during the period from (March-October 2019). The study include 30 males with age between 18 and 32 years old who had a clinical varicocele. Seminal fluid analysis was done one before surgery and another one three months after surgery and compare between the two tests to evaluate the changes in the parameters was done, which include seminal fluid liquefaction, volume, color, PH, sperm concentration, motility and morphology. Results: There were 30 patients enrolled in this study with a mean age of 23.8 ± 3.36. Seminal fluid concentration was 19.1 ± 7.2 million/ml and it was significantly increased postoperatively by almost 84% than preoperative concentration to reach 35.1 ± 11.3 (P ≤ 0.001). The changes in progressive motile sperms’ percent improved after varicocelectomy but not reach the statistical significance (P≥0.935). The mean ± SD percent of normal morphology sperms percent preoperatively was 46.9 ± 22.9 %, and after operation, it elevated to 50.9 ± 18.6 (p value≥ 0.336 ).The patients is divided in to two subgroups (normospermic and oligospermic subgroup). Conclusion: There is a significant improvement in sperm concentration. While there is significant improvement in sperm concentration in oligospermic subgroup, so the infertile patient who has oligospermia with varicocele will get better outcome after varicocelectomy. Keywords: Seminal fluid, analysis changes, testicular varicocelectomy.

scholarly journals RANKL regulates male reproductive function

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Blomberg Jensen ◽  
Christine Hjorth Andreassen ◽  
Anne Jørgensen ◽  
John Erik Nielsen ◽  
Li Juel Mortensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Wild Type Mouse ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Human Testis ◽  
Male Reproductive Function ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Sperm Counts

AbstractInfertile men have few treatment options. Here, we demonstrate that the transmembrane receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) signaling system is active in mouse and human testis. RANKL is highly expressed in Sertoli cells and signals through RANK, expressed in most germ cells, whereas the RANKL-inhibitor osteoprotegerin (OPG) is expressed in germ and peritubular cells. OPG treatment increases wild-type mouse sperm counts, and mice with global or Sertoli-specific genetic suppression of Rankl have increased male fertility and sperm counts. Moreover, RANKL levels in seminal fluid are high and distinguishes normal from infertile men with higher specificity than total sperm count. In infertile men, one dose of Denosumab decreases RANKL seminal fluid concentration and increases serum Inhibin-B and anti-Müllerian-hormone levels, but semen quality only in a subgroup. This translational study suggests that RANKL is a regulator of male reproductive function, however, predictive biomarkers for treatment-outcome requires further investigation in placebo-controlled studies.

scholarly journals Differences in Bisphenol A and Estrogen Levels in the Plasma and Seminal Plasma of Men With Different Degrees of Infertility

2015 ◽  
pp. S303-S311 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. VITKU ◽  
L. SOSVOROVA ◽  
T. CHLUPACOVA ◽  
R. HAMPL ◽  
M. HILL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Estrogen Metabolism ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Estradiol Levels

The general population is potentially exposed to many chemicals that can affect the endocrine system. These substances are called endocrine disruptors (EDs), and among them bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most widely used and well studied. Nonetheless, there are still no data on simultaneous measurements of various EDs along with steroids directly in the seminal fluid, where deleterious effects of EDs on spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis are assumed. We determined levels of BPA and 3 estrogens using LC-MS/MS in the plasma and seminal plasma of 174 men with different degrees of infertility. These men were divided according their spermiogram values into 4 groups: (1) healthy men, and (2) slightly, (3) moderate, and (4) severely infertile men. Estradiol levels differed across the groups and body fluids. Slightly infertile men have significantly higher BPA plasma and seminal plasma levels in comparison with healthy men (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). Furthermore, seminal BPA, but not plasma BPA, was negatively associated with sperm concentration and total sperm count (–0.27; p<0.001 and –0.24; p<0.01, respectively). These findings point to the importance of seminal plasma in BPA research. Overall, a disruption of estrogen metabolism was observed together with a weak but significant impact of BPA on sperm count and concentration.

195 CORRELATION BETWEEN SPERM PENETRATION ASSAY AND IN VITRO FERTILIZATION USING HAMSTER AND HUMAN OOCYTES

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
S. Al-Anssari ◽  
A. Taiyeb ◽  
M. Ridha-Albarzanchi ◽  
Z. Qurjia ◽  
S. Al-Atraqchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Human Oocytes ◽  
Ivf Outcomes ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Normal Sperm ◽  
Sperm Penetration ◽  
Sperm Penetration Assay

The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic significance of a sperm penetration assay (SPA) for predicting IVF outcomes in different age groups of infertile male patients. The patients were divided into 4 age groups, including a first fertile control group (G1: n = 20, aged 20 to 60 yr; G2: n = 25, aged 20 to 30 yr; G3: n = 40, aged 31 to 40 yr; and G4: n = 10, aged >41 yr). Seminal fluid analysis, SPA, and IVF were performed. Sperm concentration, motility, motility grade, and morphology were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in G1 compared with the other groups. Sperm parameters in G4 were also significantly (P < 0.05) lower compared with other groups, except in the sperm morphology percentages. Sperm penetration rate (SPR) was significantly higher in G2 v. G3 and G4 (31.6 v. 26.6 and 24.2, respectively; P < 0.05). The sperm penetration index was similar in G2, G3, and G4 (P > 0.05). The SPR in hamster oocytes was positively correlated with the sperm grade of motility (r = 0.80, P < 0.01), and normal sperm morphology (r = 0.81, P < 0.01) in infertile men (n = 75). The sperm penetration percentage in human oocytes was positively correlated with sperm motility, grade of motility, and normal sperm morphology (r = 60, P < 0.01) in infertile men. No positive correlation with human sperm concentrations was observed in hamster and human oocytes (r = 0.34, P < 0.01). The IVF rates were significantly, positively correlated with SPR of zona-free hamster oocytes (P < 0.001, r = 0.7). The results of the present study demonstrate that the SPA is a more sensitive screening tool than the seminal fluid analysis for predicting IVF outcomes, and it is positively correlated with human IVF scores. The authors thank Baghdad University and the director of Baghdad Teaching Hospital for their kind cooperation. The authors also thank the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research for their financial support.

scholarly journals Beneficial Role of Platelet –Rich Plasma (PRP) combined with Glass Wool Filtration for Best Recovery of Spermatozoa in Infertile Men

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Watfaa A. Abduljabar ◽  
Hayder A. L. Mossa ◽  
Muayad S. Abood
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Glass Wool ◽  
Activation Technique ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Before And After

Background: Platelet –Rich Plasma (PRP) is a novel therapeutic agent used in multiple medical fields and one of these fields is the reproduction for best spermatozoa preparation and activation for upgrading activity and motility of the spermatozoa and filtered with glass wool filtration to eliminate any round cells and leukocytes from the sample. Objectives: The aim of this research is to study some sperm characteristics in two groups, the normozoospermic infertile men and th asthenozoospermic infertile group before and after activation with Glass wool Filtration and PRP and compare between both. Patients and Methods: In this study 60 infertile men were enrolled and divided into 2 groups,15 normozoospermic infertile men, and 45 ashenozoospermic infertile men during their attendance to the Infertility Clinic in High Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies Al-Nahrain University. The collected semen samples, and seminal fluid analysis were assessed, each semen sample was divided into 3 tubes and labelled as the 1st tube which was before activation, the 2nd tube was after glass wool filtration activation technique and the 3rd tube was for semen activated by adding PRP to the medium used for glass wool filtration activation. Results: Both techniques showed increased and improved sperm motility, but the PRP was superior to the glass wool alone in upgrading Sperm Grade A Motility %, Sperm Grade B Motility % and decreasing Sperm Grade C Motility %, and Sperm Grade D Motility (Immotile Sperm). Conclusion: The PRP was significantly effective in improving the sperm activity and upgrading sperm motility more than Glass Wool Filtration technique.

scholarly journals Another Reason for Impeccable Oral Hygiene: Oral Hygiene-Sperm Count Link

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Olusegun Nwhator ◽  
Kehinde A Umeizudike ◽  
Patricia O Ayanbadejo ◽  
Olanrewaju I Opeodu ◽  
Joseph A Olamijulo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives: 1. To investigate the relationship between periodontitis and infertility. 2. To evaluate the importance of oral hygiene to general health. Materials and methods Eighty-six men requiring seminal fluid analysis as part of an on-going investigation for infertility in their spouses were serially recruited into the study. Basic dental and periodontal examination were performed. Each participant was also screened for periodontitis using a lateral flow immunoassay kit which detected levels of active membrane metalloproteinase-8. Results were read-off as a color change. Due to some incomplete entries, only 76 participants were involved in the final data analysis. Results There were 55 subjects with subnormal counts (of which ten were found to be azoospermic, 41 oligospermic) and 25 normospermic controls. A positive association was found between periodontitis and subnormal sperm count in only one age group but statistically significant association was found between poor oral hygiene and subnormal sperm count across all age groups. Conclusion For the first time, there appears to be a significant association between poor oral and subnormal sperm count. There also appears to an association between chronic periodontitis and subnormal sperm count. These relationships warrant further investigation. Principal findings There appears to be a link between poor oral hygiene and low sperm count. How to cite this article Nwhator SO, Umeizudike KA, Ayanbadejo PO, Opeodu OI, Olamijulo JA, Sorsa T. Another Reason for Impeccable Oral Hygiene: Oral Hygiene-Sperm Count Link. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(3):352-358.

scholarly journals Accelerations in the Lactonization of Trimethyl Lock Systems Are due to Proximity Orientation and not to Strain Effects

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafik Karaman
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Semiempirical Calculations ◽  
Strain Effect ◽  
Strain Effects ◽  
Enzyme Model ◽  
Trimethyl Lock ◽  
Important Enzyme

DFT at B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) and HF at 6-31G and AM1 semiempirical calculations of thermodynamc and kinetic parameters for the trimethyl lock system (an important enzyme model) indicate that the remarkable enhancement in the lactonizations is largely the result of a proximity orientation as opposed to the currently advanced strain effect.

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