scholarly journals Working conditions and occupational risk for workers employed in the open-pit coal mining sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 1112-1119
Author(s):  
V. A. Pankov ◽  
M. V. Kuleshova
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Process Mining ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
Irkutsk Region

Introduction. At coal mining enterprises, working conditions are characterized by an aggregate of hazard factors. The literature does not enough provide information on the hygienic assessment of working conditions and the health status of workers in open-pit coal mining. Material and methods. Hygienic assessment of working conditions was performed at the workplaces of the basic occupations of workers employed at the open-pit coal mining. Occupational morbidity (OM) was analyzed for 2000-2019 years. Occupational risks were assessed as with Fine&Kinney method, matrix method, and Guide R 2.2.1766-2003; we also performed a semi-quantitative risk assessment. Results. Equivalent noise levels for a work shift exceeded hygiene standard by up to 4-12.2 dBA; whole-body vibration - up to 12.3 dB; hand-arm vibration - up to 10.9 dB. Coal dust concentrations exceeded MPC by 1.1-3.2 times. According to parameters characterizing hazards, labor hardness, and labor intensity, working conditions correspond to 3.2-3.3 hazard category. Leading place among occupational disease cases occupy vibration disease and sensorineural hearing loss (63.5[48.8-81.5]% 34.3[10.7-46.3]% accordingly). OR for employees of basic occupations is classified as high. Discussion. Results of working conditions and OR assessment are partially consistent with the other authors’ studies. OM structure in the Irkutsk region coal mining differs from the OM in other regions, due to the peculiarities of the technological process, mining, geological and climatic conditions. Conclusion. The results indicate the lack of effectiveness of existing preventive measures and the necessity to develop a set of measures to preserve the workers’ health employed at open-pit coal mining.

Longitudinal study of occupational pathology risks in open-pit apatite miners of the Kola Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 424-430
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Syurin
Keyword(s):  
Kola Peninsula ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pathology

Mining in the Arctic is associated with an increased risk of developing occupational diseases. The aim of the study was to assess risks of developing occupational pathology over 10-year period of mining apatite ore in the Kola Arctic open-pit mines. We studied data on working conditions (certification of workplaces), health status (periodic medical examinations) and primary occupational pathology (monitoring "Working conditions and occupational morbidity of the population of the Murmansk region" in 2009-2018) of open-pit apatite miners. It was found that, according to an overall assessment, the working conditions of all 436 surveyed open-pit apatite miners corresponded to 3.2-3.3 hazard classes. During 10 years of employment (2009-2018), 88 (20.2%) miners were first diagnosed with 134 occupational diseases, which are 3.07 cases per 100 people per year. The main cause for their occurrence was the severity of work above the permissible level (39.6%), whole-body vibration (37.3%) and noise (17.9%), and their structure is dominated by vibration disease (35.8%) and musculoskeletal pathology (30.0%). The main factor in the occurrence of occupational diseases was recognized as imperfection of technological processes (58.2%). The risk of occupational pathology formation in the excavator drivers (RR=1.95; CI 1.33-2.86; p<0.001) and in the drilling rig drivers (RR=1.60; CI 1.04-2.47; p=0.031) was higher than that of bulldozer drivers. In 2009-2018, unlike the bulldozer and drilling rig drivers, the excavator drivers showed an increased risk of developing occupational diseases (RR=3.50; CI 1.90-6.43; p<0.001). In 2009-2018, the open-pit apatite miners of the Kola Peninsula retained a high level of occupational morbidity, and it tended to increase among excavator drivers.

Working conditions and occupational risks of anterior eye pathology in metalworking machine operators

2020 ◽  
pp. 462-467
Author(s):  
N. I. Latyshevskaya ◽  
M. A. Alborova ◽  
L. A. Davydenko ◽  
A. V. Belyaevа
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
Machine Operators ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Visual Organ

Introduction. The profession of “machine operator in metalworking”, one of the most common professions in various industries, characterized by a large volume of abrasive operations, accompanied by dust formation, which creates a potential for the occurrence of diseases of the visual organ.The aim of the study is to provide a hygienic assessment of working conditions and occupational risk of visual organ pathology in metalworking machine operators.Materials and methods. Observation groups — machine operators for metalworking of two training groups (experience up to 5 years, experience of 6–20 years). Two comparison groups (administrative and technical personnel of the enterprise) are formed according to the same age-experience principle.Results. The working conditions of machine operators were classified as class 3.2. taking into account the severity and intensity of the work process and the noise level (80 dBA) in the workplace. Nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, and manganese were registered in the air of the working area in concentrations below the permissible concentration (PC), and the aerosol dihydroxide was registered above the PC in 25.8% of cases. In the main working groups, diseases of the anterior segment of the eye were more often registered, among which dry eye syndrome (DYS) prevailed (94.1%), chronic blepharoconjunctivitis (79.9%), persistent corneal opacification (21.7%). There was an increase in the prevalence of detected diseases with an increase in work experience (p≤0.05). In machine operators, the frequency of inhibition of lacrimal formation and decreased stability of the tear film was recorded significantly more often, with increasing work experience, the degree of violation of lacrimal formation and stability of the tear film increased. The chances of detecting pathology of the anterior segment of the eye in machine operators are 5.9 and 3.5 times higher than in the comparison group. There are different forces of connection, increasing with the increase of work experience in the profession, between the working conditions of machine operators and the occurrence of SHG (relatively strong), with chronic blepharoconjunctivitis and persistent corneal opacity (medium strength), which suggests the professional conditionality of this pathology.Conclusions. The results obtained suggest that the pathology of the anterior segment of the eye is professionally conditioned in metalworking machine operators and necessitate the introduction of preventive measures aimed at protecting the visual organ.

Working conditions and occupational pathology of coal miners in the Arctic

2019 ◽  
pp. 452-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Gorbanev ◽  
S. A. Syurin ◽  
N. M. Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Due to the impact of adverse working conditions and climate, workers in coal-mining enterprises in the Arctic are at increased risk of occupational diseases (OD).The aim of the study was to study the working conditions, causes, structure and prevalence of occupational diseases in miners of coal mines in the Arctic.Materials and methods. Th e data of social and hygienic monitoring “Working conditions and occupational morbidity” of the population of Vorkuta and Chukotka Autonomous District in 2007–2017 are studied.Results. It was established that in 2007–2017 years, 2,296 ODs were diagnosed for the first time in 1851 coal mines, mainly in the drifters, clearing face miners, repairmen and machinists of mining excavating machines. Most often, the ODs occurred when exposed to the severity of labor, fibrogenic aerosols and hand-arm vibration. The development of professional pathology in 98% of cases was due to design flaws of machines and mechanisms, as well as imperfections of workplaces and technological processes. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system (36.2%), respiratory organs (28.9%) and nervous system (22.5%) prevailed in the structure of professional pathology of miners of coal mines. Among the three most common nosological forms of OD were radiculopathy (32.1%), chronic bronchitis (27.7%) and mono-polyneuropathy (15.4%). In 2017, coal miners in the Arctic had a professional morbidity rate of 2.82 times higher than the national rates for coal mining.Conclusions. To preserve the health of miners of coal mining enterprises, technical measures to improve working conditions and medical interventions aimed at increasing the body’s resistance to the effects of harmful production and climatic factors are necessary.

scholarly journals Managing and Reforesting Degraded Post-Mining Landscape in Indonesia: A Review

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Pratiwi ◽  
Budi H. Narendra ◽  
Chairil A. Siregar ◽  
Maman Turjaman ◽  
Asep Hidayat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Acid Mine

Tropical forests are among the most diverse ecosystems in the world, completed by huge biodiversity. An expansion in natural resource extraction through open-pit mining activities leads to increasing land and tropical forest degradation. Proper science-based practices are needed as an effort to reclaim their function. This paper summarizes the existing practice of coal mining, covering the regulatory aspects and their reclamation obligations, the practices of coal mining from various sites with different land characteristics, and the reclamation efforts of the post-mining landscapes in Indonesia. The regulations issued accommodate the difference between mining land inside the forest area and outside the forest area, especially in the aspect of the permit authority and in evaluating the success rate of reclamation. In coal-mining practices, this paper describes starting from land clearing activities and followed by storing soil layers and overburden materials. In this step, proper handling of potentially acid-forming materials is crucial to prevent acid mine drainage. At the reclamation stage, this paper sequentially presents research results and the field applications in rearranging the overburden and soil materials, controlling acid mine drainage and erosion, and managing the drainage system, settling ponds, and pit lakes. Many efforts to reclaim post-coal-mining lands and their success rate have been reported and highlighted. Several success stories describe that post-coal-mining lands can be returned to forests that provide ecosystem services and goods. A set of science-based best management practices for post-coal-mine reforestation is needed to develop to promote the success of forest reclamation and restoration in post-coal-mining lands through the planting of high-value hardwood trees, increasing trees’ survival rates and growth, and accelerating the establishment of forest habitat through the application of proper tree planting technique. The monitoring and evaluation aspect is also crucial, as corrective action may be taken considering the different success rates for different site characteristics.

Research on Intelligent Control of the Dust in Coal Mining

2012 ◽  
Vol 482-484 ◽  
pp. 1805-1808
Author(s):  
Zhao Ran Zhang ◽  
Guo Qing Liu ◽  
Xiao Sheng Bai ◽  
Guo Liang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Intelligent Control ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Coal Face ◽  
Good Working ◽  
Mining Coal ◽  
Good Working Environment

The harm of coal dust under mining coal is really serious, so how to effectively control it has always been a tough problem. This paper analyzes the cause of creating dust over the coal face, and introduces the application of dust intelligent control in detail based on the reality situation of coal mining. Though the application of intelligent dustproof system, the concentration of the coal dust has been reduced by 333.9mg/m3 to 21.7mg/m3, the result is creating a good working environment for workers, this system has the higher valuable application.

scholarly journals Concrete based on sulfur binder being modified with inorganic additives

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Vadim Balabanov ◽  
Victor Baryshok ◽  
Nikita Epishkin
Keyword(s):  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Water Saturated

The sharply continental climate of the Irkutsk region is characterized by wide temperature intervals throughout the year. The repeated cyclicity of freezing and thawing of building materials in the water-saturated state influences the change in technical characteristics and the durability of concrete products and structures. The concrete products’ features in such climatic conditions create the need for the production of concretes with improved indicators of physical and mechanical properties. The effect of modifying additives on the technological characteristics of sulfur concrete is established. The effect of all elements of sulfur concrete on its strength and frost resistance. The composition of sulfuric concrete is obtained, which meets all the requirements and also has high strength and increased frost resistance. Formulations with a certain ratio of structural sulfuric concrete mixtures were developed. As a result of the use of technical sulfur in the composition of concrete products, the problem of utilizing annually accumulating reserves of technical sulfur is partially solved. The strength properties of sulfuric concretes easily compete with high-quality brands of concrete, special types of concretes that have in their composition additives.

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