scholarly journals Mitigating hiring risks through pre-employment background screening: Methodology based on the personnel security approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 577-587
Author(s):  
Julia Rushchenko ◽  
Ihor Rushchenko ◽  
Olena Plakhova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Effective Mechanism ◽  
Corporate Fraud ◽  
Background Checks ◽  
Corporate Scandals ◽  
Negligent Hiring ◽  
Background Check ◽  
Integrated Technique ◽  
Prospective Employee

In the wake of the corporate scandals linked to negligent hiring, many organisations worldwide have prioritised background investigations to avoid harm or legal liability and ensure safety of their assets, employees and clients. Negligent hiring takes place when an employer fails to verify that a prospective employee may pose a threat to their company. The article discusses the process of pre-employment screenings aimed at mitigating the risk of corporate fraud, unethical behaviour and organisational deviance. The goal of the article is to analyse a methodological basis for pre-employment background checks carried out by the in-house recruitment experts or third party employee screening companies. A large number of the existing studies have examined the theory and policies of pre-employment screenings, have scrutinised functionality and efficiency of background investigations and have addressed the methods used as part of this process. However, prior research has not identified a comprehensive and integrated technique of carrying out a pre-employment background check. To fill this gap, the paper suggests a vacancy-specific background screening of potential candidates according to the previously defined security criteria formulated in the article. The objective of the abovementioned approach is to generate an effective mechanism of identifying the so-called “risky hires” before the onboarding stage of recruitment. It is argued that both risk evaluation and pre-employment assessments of candidates should be viewed as a standard business practice integrated into a comprehensive hiring corporate policy.

A Practical Conflicting Role-based Cloud Security Risk Evaluation Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Han ◽  
Jing Zhan ◽  
Xiaoqing Xia ◽  
Xue Fan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Risk Preferences ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Cloud Security ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Security Evaluation ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Cloud Users

Background: Currently, Cloud Service Provider (CSP) or third party usually proposes principles and methods for cloud security risk evaluation, while cloud users have no choice but accept them. However, since cloud users and cloud service providers have conflicts of interests, cloud users may not trust the results of security evaluation performed by the CSP. Also, different cloud users may have different security risk preferences, which makes it difficult for third party to consider all users' needs during evaluation. In addition, current security evaluation indexes for cloud are too impractical to test (e.g., indexes like interoperability, transparency, portability are not easy to be evaluated). Methods: To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a practical cloud security risk evaluation method of decision-making based on conflicting roles by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with Aggregation of Individual priorities (AIP). Results: Not only can our method bring forward a new index system based on risk source for cloud security and corresponding practical testing methods, but also can obtain the evaluation result with the risk preferences of conflicting roles, namely CSP and cloud users, which can lay a foundation for improving mutual trusts between the CSP and cloud users. The experiments show that the method can effectively assess the security risk of cloud platforms and in the case where the number of clouds increased by 100% and 200%, the evaluation time using our methodology increased by only by 12% and 30%. Conclusion: Our method can achieve consistent decision based on conflicting roles, high scalability and practicability for cloud security risk evaluation.

Credit Risk Evaluation Based on Text Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuxia Wang ◽  
Yuwei Qi ◽  
Bin Fu ◽  
Hongzhi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Credit Risk ◽  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Financial Information ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Textual Information ◽  
Subjective Factor ◽  
Similar Accuracy

The main difficulty of credit risk evaluation is to evaluate borrowers' willingness of repayment, which is a subjective factor depending on the thoughts and ideas of borrowers. Text description is a kind of human behavior which reflects the mental process of writers. The authors identify the characteristics of borrowers from their text descriptions and further use them to evaluate the credit risk of loans. Experimental results show that: (1) textual information is a good choice when traditional financial information is missing. The authors can achieve similar accuracy using only textual information as traditional methods which use financial information and credit information from the third party. (2) Textual information is a good complementary information source to traditional financial information sources. Using textual information can improve the performance of credit risk evaluation system when combined with traditional financial information.

Criminal Records, Positive Credentials and Recidivism: Incorporating Evidence of Rehabilitation Into Criminal Background Check Employment Decisions

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Denver
Keyword(s):  
Program Completion ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Criminal Record ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Employment Decisions ◽  
Criminal Background Checks ◽  
Background Checks ◽  
Background Check ◽  
Criminal Background ◽  
Initial Denial

Decision makers increasingly incorporate “evidence of rehabilitation” into criminal background checks. Positive credentials can decrease criminal record stigma and improve employment outcomes, but we lack research on whether rehabilitative factors used in such assessments are correlated with recidivism. The current study examines more than 1,000 state-mandated criminal background checks in the rapidly growing health care sector. Everyone in the sample received an initial denial and requested reconsideration by submitting evidence of rehabilitation. The findings indicate prior employer recommendations and program completion are positively correlated with clearance to work, but conditional on contesting in the first place, none of the evidence of rehabilitation factors are negatively correlated with recidivism. Persistently pursuing an employment opportunity through a contestation process may, in itself, signal rehabilitation and lower risk.

scholarly journals Effect on background checks of newly-enacted comprehensive background check policies in Oregon and Washington: a synthetic control approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Castillo-Carniglia ◽  
Daniel W. Webster ◽  
Garen J. Wintemute
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Synthetic Control ◽  
Private Party ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Background Checks ◽  
Background Check ◽  
Criminal Background ◽  
Check System

Abstract Background Comprehensive background check (CBC) laws extend background check requirements to private party firearm transfers to prevent firearm acquisitions by prohibited persons. The aim of our study was to estimate the association between CBC policies and changes in background check rates for firearm acquisition in two states (Oregon and Washington) that have newly-enacted CBC policies. Methods We used data on handgun background checks from January 1999 to December 2018 from the National Instant Criminal Background Check System. Observed trends in exposed states were contrasted with counterfactual trends estimated with the synthetic control group method. Findings CBC policies were associated with increases in background checks in Oregon (by 18.0%; p = 0.074), but not in Washington (4%; p = 0.321). A gradual increase in private party checks was seen following enactment in Washington; however, firearm transactions coded as “private” represent less than 5% of total background checks in that state. Conclusions Comprehensive background check policies appear to be effective in increasing pre-firearm-sale background checks in Oregon but not in Washington. Differences appear to be related to variations in the proportion of firearm sales that are private party transfers and to gradual adaptation to the new law by private gun sellers.

Selling a gun to a stranger without a background check: acceptable behaviour?

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hemenway ◽  
Deborah Azrael ◽  
Matthew Miller
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Background Checks ◽  
Online Panel ◽  
Background Check ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Strongly Agree

ObjectiveOne way that guns get into the wrong hands is via gun sales without a background check. While the large majority of Americans support laws requiring universal background checks, no prior study has assessed whether Americans think it is acceptable behaviour to sell a gun to a stranger without a background check, whether or not there is a law against it.MethodsWe sponsored a nationally representative survey of over 3900 American adults, oversampling gun owners, using an online panel provided by the survey firm Growth for Knowledge.ResultsOver 72% of American adults agree or strongly agree with the statement that ‘whether it is legal or not, it is NOT acceptable to sell a gun to a stranger without a background check’ and 11% disagree or strongly disagree. Subgroups less likely to agree are young adults, men, conservatives, those with less than a high school education and gun owners.ConclusionReducing the number of guns sold without a background check could help reduce the flow of guns to felons. Changes in normative attitudes and behaviours, as well as changes in law, could help accomplish this goal. Most Americans, including gun owners, believe selling a gun to a stranger without a background check is not acceptable behaviour.

scholarly journals Comprehensive background check policy and firearm background checks in three US states

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Castillo-Carniglia ◽  
Rose M C Kagawa ◽  
Daniel W Webster ◽  
Jon S Vernick ◽  
Magdalena Cerdá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Synthetic Control ◽  
Private Party ◽  
Background Checks ◽  
Background Check ◽  
Consistent Increase ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Using Data

BackgroundComprehensive background check (CBC) policies are hypothesised to reduce firearm-related violence because they extend background checks to private party firearm sales, but no study has determined whether these policies actually increase background checks, an expected intermediary outcome. We evaluate the association between CBC policies and the rates of firearm background checks in three states that recently implemented these policies: Delaware (July 2013), Colorado (July 2013) and Washington (December 2014).MethodsWe used the synthetic control group method to estimate the difference from estimated counterfactual postintervention trends in the monthly rate of background checks per 1 00 000 people for handguns, long guns and both types combined, using data for January 1999 through December 2016. Inference was based on results from permutation tests. We conducted multiple sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of our results.ResultsBackground check rates increased in Delaware, by 22%–34% depending on the type of firearm, following enactment of its CBC law. No overall changes were observed in Washington and Colorado. Our results were robust to changes in the comparison group and statistical methods.ConclusionsThe enactment of CBC policies was associated with an overall increase in firearm background checks only in Delaware. Data external to the study suggest that Washington experienced a modest, but consistent, increase in background checks for private party sales, and Colorado experienced a similar increase in checks for sales not at gun shows. Non-compliance may explain the lack of an overall increase in background checks in Washington and Colorado.

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