scholarly journals Linguistic genocide or linguicide?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua James Zwisler
Keyword(s):  
Group Identity ◽  
Language Loss ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Entire Spectrum ◽  
The World

Forced language loss is a reality for many communities around the world and language loss brings with it an entire spectrum of negativities. This article examines two of the most common terms that are used in linguistics for forced language loss – linguistic genocide and linguicide. The terms are almost synonymous and recognize that the ultimate aim of forced language loss is usually forced assimilation or the destruction of group identity. However, through a critical reading of both terms, linguicide is argued as the preferred term for use in linguistics as linguistic genocide gives rise to linguistic essentialist positions that may harm communities that have suffered forced language loss.

The Challenge of Sustaining Peace

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Necla Tschirgi ◽  
Cedric de Coning
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Security Council ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Entire Spectrum ◽  
The World ◽  
Effective Instrument ◽  
International Peacebuilding ◽  
Do So

While demand for international peacebuilding assistance increases around the world, the UN’s Peacebuilding Architecture (PBA) remains a relatively weak player, for many reasons: its original design, uneasy relations between the Peacebuilding Commission and Security Council, turf battles within the UN system, and how UN peacebuilding is funded. This chapter examines the PBA’s operations since 2005, against the evolution of the peacebuilding field, and discusses how the PBA can be a more effective instrument in the UN’s new “sustaining peace” approach. To do so, it would have to become the intergovernmental anchor for that approach, without undermining the intent that “sustaining peace” be a system-wide responsibility, encompassing the entire spectrum of UN activities in peace, security, development, and human rights.

scholarly journals Tattoos in Psychodermatology

Psych ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-278
Author(s):  
İlknur Kıvanç Altunay ◽  
Sibel Mercan ◽  
Ezgi Özkur
Keyword(s):  
Group Identity ◽  
Body Art ◽  
Inner Life ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Permanent Form

Tattooing is a permanent form of body art applied onto the skin with a decorative ink, and it has been practiced from antiquity until today. The number of tattooed people is steadily increasing as tattoos have become popular all over the world, especially in Western countries. Tattoos display distinctive designs and images, from protective totems and tribal symbols to the names of loved or lost persons or strange figures, which are used as a means of self-expression. They are worn on the skin as a lifelong commitment, and everyone has their own reasons to become tattooed, whether they be simply esthetic or a proclamation of group identity. Tattoos are representations of one’s feelings, unconscious conflicts, and inner life onto the skin. The skin plays a major role in this representation and is involved in different ways in this process. This article aims to review the historical and psychoanalytical aspects of tattoos, the reasons for and against tattooing, medical and dermatological implications of the practice, and emotional reflections from a psychodermatological perspective.

Being Able to Survive and Thrive

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-46
Author(s):  
David L. Blustein
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Entire Spectrum ◽  
Boston College ◽  
The World ◽  
Work Volition ◽  
Psychology Of Working

This chapter presents a comprehensive review of the ways in which the needs for survival and power intersect with working. Beginning with an overview of Maslow’s need hierarchy (which indicates the need for survival is fundamental to our existence) and the psychology-of-working framework, vignettes from the participants from the Boston College Working Project provide an in-depth perspective about the complex ways that striving for survival intersects with relationships, financial security, and thriving. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the role of time perspective and work volition in relation to the need to survive. The chapter makes clear that the drive for survival is an essential aspect of being alive in the world. Creating opportunities for people to meet this integral aspect of human experience, naturally, is a challenge that requires the best of our inner spirits and a commitment to nurturing the needs of the entire spectrum of people in our communities.

The Politics and Effects of Religious Grievance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Muchlinski
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Religious Violence ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Group ◽  
Religious Resources

Despite international guarantees to respect religious freedom, governments around the world often impose substantial restrictions on the abilities of some religious groups to openly practice their faith. These regulations on religious freedom are often justified to promote social stability. However, research has demonstrated a positive correlation between restrictions on religious freedom and religious violence. This violence is often thought to be a result of grievances arising from the denial of a religious group’s right to openly practice its faith. These grievances encourage violence by (a) encouraging a sense of common group identity, (b) encouraging feelings of hostility toward groups imposing those regulations, and (c) facilitating the mobilization of religious resources for political violence.

Auschwitz, Ethics, and Testimony: Exposure to the Disaster

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 682-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Carter-White
Keyword(s):  
Language Game ◽  
Collateral Damage ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Holocaust Denial ◽  
The World ◽  
Conceptual Work ◽  
Do So

Witness testimonies provide a singular challenge to historians of Auschwitz. Survivor accounts offer a privileged perspective on the world of the camp, yet as recent conceptual work has shown the performative structure of these texts exceeds and eludes this representational duty. The challenge for historians is that, given their privileged, ‘insider’ status, any equivocality regarding the content of witness testimonies provides space for Holocaust denial. This paper offers a critical reading of one historical strategy for meeting this challenge: Exposing witness accounts to an uncompromising criteria of evidentiality and plausibility, designed to test their representational quality as a means of preempting negationist attempts to manipulate ‘faulty’ accounts. Drawing on Lyotard, I argue that, even as this strategy succeeds in refuting individual cases of denial, by refusing to enter into dialogue with the language game of testimony, and, more importantly, by invalidating any attempt to do so, this strategy actually reiterates the tactics of those deniers it is designed to oppose, thus undermining its own important work. Rather than rejecting this historical approach, I argue that it is compromised only by an historiographical insistence on imposing this ‘evidential’ language game as universal and representational; if we conversely recognise its performative, nonrepresentational status, it is more equipped to refute denial and without making of testimony a collateral damage.

Bad cops and true detectives: The horror of police and the unthinkable world

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis Linnemann
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Police Power ◽  
Mass Consumption ◽  
Speculative Realism ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ontological Position

The first season of the HBO series True Detective has drawn attention to Eugene Thacker’s horror of philosophy trilogy and his tripartite mode of thinking of the world and the subject’s relation to it. This article is an effort to read Thacker’s speculative realism into a critique of the police power. Where the police concept is vital to sustaining the Cartesian world-for-us, a world of mass-consumption and brutal privation, the limitations, failures or absence of police might also reveal horizons of disorder—primitivism, anarchism—the world-in-itself. A critical reading of True Detective and other police stories suggests that even its most violent and corrupt forms, as inseparable from security, law and order, the police power is never beyond redemption. What is rendered unthinkable then is the third ontological position—a world-without-police—as it exposes the frailties of the present social order and the challenges of thinking outside the subject.

scholarly journals Hermeneutika dan Etika Naratif Menurut Paul Ricoeur

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
M. Sastrapratedja
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Narrative Ethics ◽  
Normative Ethics ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Temporal Experience ◽  
The World ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
Fusion Of Horizons ◽  
Two Stages

<div><p><strong>Abstract :</strong> After his retirement, Paul Ricoeur published his three-volume works, Time and Narrative (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1984-1985). For Ricoeur, time becomes human’s time when it is organized in a narrative. Narrative becomes meaningful when it portrays the feature of temporal experience. h  e present article tries to show that a narrative requires an interpretation. Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutics consists of two stages, distanciation and appropriation. Distanciation enables the reader to study the text critically and then it must be followed by a post-critical reading where the reader appropriates the world opened to him. In the words of Gadamer, in the process of interpretation, the horizon of the text fuses with the horizon of the reader. In reading a narrative, the identity as ipse and as idem interacts each other. h  e narrative ethics does not contradict with the normative ethics, later gives validation to the former one. In the case of a conflict, then responsibility shoud be the priority.</p><p><em>Keywords : Ipse, Idem, Fusion of horizons, Character, Disposition, Distanciation, Appropriation, Normative ethics</em></p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak :</strong> Setelah pensiun, Paul Ricouer menerbitkan karyanya Time and Narratie (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1984-1985) sebanyak tiga volume. Bagi Ricouer, waktu menjadi waktu manusia ketika ia dirangkai dalam suatu cerita naratif. Sebuah narasi bermakna jika ia melukiskan ciri-ciri pengalaman yang temporal. Artikle ini mencoba memperlihatkan bahwa sebuah cerita naratif membutuhkan interpretasi. Hermeneutika Paul Ricouer terdiri dari dua langkah, distansiasi dan apropriasi. Distansiasi memungkinkan pembaca untuk mempelajari teks secara kritis dan mesti dilanjutkan dengan pembacaan post-kritis di mana pembaca meng- apropriasi dunia yang terbuka padanya. Meminjam ungkapan Gadamer, dalam proses interpretasi, horizon teks melebur dengan horizon pembaca. Dalam membaca sebuah cerita naratif, identitas sebagai ipse dan sebagai idem  saling berinteraksi. Etika naratif tidaklah kontradiktif dengan etika normatif. Etika normatif memvalidasi etika naratif. Jika terjadi kontradiksi, maka tanggungjawablah yang menjadi prioritas.</p><p><em>Kata kunci : Ipse, Idem, Peleburan horizon, Karakter, Disposisi, Distansiasi, Apropriasi, Etika normatif</em></p></div>

scholarly journals Ingénierie, climatologie et topographie de l'être-dans-le-monde – Des îles pour penser l'architecture ?

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olfa Raja Meziou
Keyword(s):  
Critical Reading ◽  
Space Design ◽  
The World ◽  
New Machine

Abstract. This text is an architect's reading of the last volume of Peter Sloterdijk's trilogy Ecumes (Foam), particularly the two chapters “Insulations” and “Indoors”. It raises the issue whether the atmospheric analysis that Sloterdijk develops from his representation of the being-in-the-world and the inhabitation can lead to a new understanding of space that would help reach more habitable future spaces. It suggests that the metaphor of the island can help construct some sort of an intermediary analysis and conception object : the (new) machine-to-live-in. Through the exercise of the atmospheric analysis, it suggests a new critical reading of the conception processes of human spatiality, which gives a glimpse into the possibility of setting new generators for contemporary space design.

scholarly journals Przemyślenia pod rozwagę, niekoniecznie do zastosowania. O dzisiejszej edukacji historycznej w Polsce

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-141
Author(s):  
Marcin Kula
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
National Pride ◽  
Teaching History ◽  
Intellectual Abilities ◽  
The World ◽  
History Teacher ◽  
Practical Sense

For the teaching of history in schools to be effective, it must be useful for something – either in an intellectual sense (for a better understanding of the world) or in a practical sense (for various professions related to the humanities). The only purpose of teaching an “encyclopedia of facts” is that it is good to have a minimum of knowledge in every field. Teaching history to mark group identity is acceptable, as is any education in the field of national culture, provided it is not exclusive with regard to the heritage and achievements of others. As a history teacher, the author does not accept the teaching of history for the purpose of inculcating a sense of national pride. He would like the study of history to increase the intellectual abilities of students, and in effect, their wisdom.

scholarly journals Considerações Sobre a Interação Sociedade-Estado Através das Redes Telemáticas

GEOgraphia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Ester Limonad e Rainer Randolph
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Government Information ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Object Based ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication

RESUMO A meta deste ensaio é proceder a uma leitura crítica do papel e significado dos portais de governo eletrônico na atualidade em relação à superação (ou aprofundamento) de divisões sociais e espaciais existentes nas sociedades contemporâneas. O trabalho está organizado em três passos principais: primeiro é caracterizado, de forma descritiva, os principais elementos e constituintes do e-governo (i). A seguir são explicitadas as formas de disseminação do e-governo no mundo e no Brasil (ii). Finalmente, fazemos um primeiro esboço da nossa perspectiva a respeito deste objeto a partir de uma reflexão crítica das suas características e proposições (iii). Palavras-chave: governo eletrônico, tecnologias de informação e comunicação.ABSTRACT This essay aims to proceed a critical reading of the role and meaning of electronic government’s portals at the present time concerning the overcome (or deepening) of contemporary societies actual social and spacial divisions. The paper is organized in three main steps: first we characterize, in a descriptive way, e-government’s main elements and constituent (i). Afterwards e-government’s spread forms throughout the world and Brazil are clarified (ii). Finally, we make a first sketch of our perspective regarding this object based on a critical reflection of its characteristics and propositions (iii). Keywords: e-government; information and communication technologies.

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