scholarly journals Ingénierie, climatologie et topographie de l'être-dans-le-monde – Des îles pour penser l'architecture ?

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olfa Raja Meziou
Keyword(s):  
Critical Reading ◽  
Space Design ◽  
The World ◽  
New Machine

Abstract. This text is an architect's reading of the last volume of Peter Sloterdijk's trilogy Ecumes (Foam), particularly the two chapters “Insulations” and “Indoors”. It raises the issue whether the atmospheric analysis that Sloterdijk develops from his representation of the being-in-the-world and the inhabitation can lead to a new understanding of space that would help reach more habitable future spaces. It suggests that the metaphor of the island can help construct some sort of an intermediary analysis and conception object : the (new) machine-to-live-in. Through the exercise of the atmospheric analysis, it suggests a new critical reading of the conception processes of human spatiality, which gives a glimpse into the possibility of setting new generators for contemporary space design.

Auschwitz, Ethics, and Testimony: Exposure to the Disaster

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 682-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Carter-White
Keyword(s):  
Language Game ◽  
Collateral Damage ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Holocaust Denial ◽  
The World ◽  
Conceptual Work ◽  
Do So

Witness testimonies provide a singular challenge to historians of Auschwitz. Survivor accounts offer a privileged perspective on the world of the camp, yet as recent conceptual work has shown the performative structure of these texts exceeds and eludes this representational duty. The challenge for historians is that, given their privileged, ‘insider’ status, any equivocality regarding the content of witness testimonies provides space for Holocaust denial. This paper offers a critical reading of one historical strategy for meeting this challenge: Exposing witness accounts to an uncompromising criteria of evidentiality and plausibility, designed to test their representational quality as a means of preempting negationist attempts to manipulate ‘faulty’ accounts. Drawing on Lyotard, I argue that, even as this strategy succeeds in refuting individual cases of denial, by refusing to enter into dialogue with the language game of testimony, and, more importantly, by invalidating any attempt to do so, this strategy actually reiterates the tactics of those deniers it is designed to oppose, thus undermining its own important work. Rather than rejecting this historical approach, I argue that it is compromised only by an historiographical insistence on imposing this ‘evidential’ language game as universal and representational; if we conversely recognise its performative, nonrepresentational status, it is more equipped to refute denial and without making of testimony a collateral damage.

Bad cops and true detectives: The horror of police and the unthinkable world

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis Linnemann
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Police Power ◽  
Mass Consumption ◽  
Speculative Realism ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ontological Position

The first season of the HBO series True Detective has drawn attention to Eugene Thacker’s horror of philosophy trilogy and his tripartite mode of thinking of the world and the subject’s relation to it. This article is an effort to read Thacker’s speculative realism into a critique of the police power. Where the police concept is vital to sustaining the Cartesian world-for-us, a world of mass-consumption and brutal privation, the limitations, failures or absence of police might also reveal horizons of disorder—primitivism, anarchism—the world-in-itself. A critical reading of True Detective and other police stories suggests that even its most violent and corrupt forms, as inseparable from security, law and order, the police power is never beyond redemption. What is rendered unthinkable then is the third ontological position—a world-without-police—as it exposes the frailties of the present social order and the challenges of thinking outside the subject.

scholarly journals Better places for a liveable-and lively- city. A method of Post-Occupancy Evaluation of public spaces

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela de Souza Tenorio ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Post Occupancy Evaluation ◽  
Space Design ◽  
The World ◽  
The 1960S

Public spaces that attract and retain diverse people are crucial to foster urbanity and tolerance, and build stronger and livelier communities, especially in big cities. The simple coexistence of similarities and differences in public spaces can, to say the least, validate our own essence and offer us a possibility of growth. Sharing the same space with other people – even without interacting with them – favors social learning. Theory suggests that thought, feeling and behavior can be altered by observation. The search for public spaces that make urbanity viable is desirable in any society (especially in more unequal societies, as one can find in developing countries). However, inspired by ideas built on the critique of great urban agglomerations after the Industrial Revolution, cities around the world have undergone transformations that did exactly the opposite. As a series of lifeless places began to emerge, several researchers tried to figure out why this was happening. These researchers found that just wanting to create a lively place was not enough. It was necessary to scrutinize the behavior of people in public spaces in order to understand the relationship between their configuration and use. The knowledge they have built has been largely responsible for the increasing concern with public spaces and their relation to public life since the 1960s. Cities around the world are realizing that empty places could be full of people, and that not only a place full of people is something positive, but an empty place is not. They are learning to see underused public spaces as social, cultural, environmental, and financial waste. However, even with so much information available, it is still possible to find, in any contemporary city, public spaces that fail to support public life. Frequently, little or nothing is done to make them safer or more attractive, diverse and pleasant. It is even more worrying to realize that such places continue to be created. This is the focus of this paper. It brings together available knowledge and experiences in the area of public space design. It also complements, structures and translates such experiences and knowledge into a Public Space Post-Occupancy Evaluation Method, which stresses the importance of observing people and their activities. As a result, one can better understand, observe, assess and, thus, manipulate the main attributes of a public space that may influence its capacity to attract and retain diverse people on a daily basis. The method is offered as a tool to support those who deal with public spaces at different levels – from academic studies to municipal management. It has been used in Brasilia, Brazil, for the past 7 years, with positive results in governmental decision-making processes. A case study is briefly presented to illustrate its use.

scholarly journals Hermeneutika dan Etika Naratif Menurut Paul Ricoeur

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
M. Sastrapratedja
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Narrative Ethics ◽  
Normative Ethics ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Temporal Experience ◽  
The World ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
Fusion Of Horizons ◽  
Two Stages

<div><p><strong>Abstract :</strong> After his retirement, Paul Ricoeur published his three-volume works, Time and Narrative (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1984-1985). For Ricoeur, time becomes human’s time when it is organized in a narrative. Narrative becomes meaningful when it portrays the feature of temporal experience. h  e present article tries to show that a narrative requires an interpretation. Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutics consists of two stages, distanciation and appropriation. Distanciation enables the reader to study the text critically and then it must be followed by a post-critical reading where the reader appropriates the world opened to him. In the words of Gadamer, in the process of interpretation, the horizon of the text fuses with the horizon of the reader. In reading a narrative, the identity as ipse and as idem interacts each other. h  e narrative ethics does not contradict with the normative ethics, later gives validation to the former one. In the case of a conflict, then responsibility shoud be the priority.</p><p><em>Keywords : Ipse, Idem, Fusion of horizons, Character, Disposition, Distanciation, Appropriation, Normative ethics</em></p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak :</strong> Setelah pensiun, Paul Ricouer menerbitkan karyanya Time and Narratie (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1984-1985) sebanyak tiga volume. Bagi Ricouer, waktu menjadi waktu manusia ketika ia dirangkai dalam suatu cerita naratif. Sebuah narasi bermakna jika ia melukiskan ciri-ciri pengalaman yang temporal. Artikle ini mencoba memperlihatkan bahwa sebuah cerita naratif membutuhkan interpretasi. Hermeneutika Paul Ricouer terdiri dari dua langkah, distansiasi dan apropriasi. Distansiasi memungkinkan pembaca untuk mempelajari teks secara kritis dan mesti dilanjutkan dengan pembacaan post-kritis di mana pembaca meng- apropriasi dunia yang terbuka padanya. Meminjam ungkapan Gadamer, dalam proses interpretasi, horizon teks melebur dengan horizon pembaca. Dalam membaca sebuah cerita naratif, identitas sebagai ipse dan sebagai idem  saling berinteraksi. Etika naratif tidaklah kontradiktif dengan etika normatif. Etika normatif memvalidasi etika naratif. Jika terjadi kontradiksi, maka tanggungjawablah yang menjadi prioritas.</p><p><em>Kata kunci : Ipse, Idem, Peleburan horizon, Karakter, Disposisi, Distansiasi, Apropriasi, Etika normatif</em></p></div>

scholarly journals Linguistic genocide or linguicide?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua James Zwisler
Keyword(s):  
Group Identity ◽  
Language Loss ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Entire Spectrum ◽  
The World

Forced language loss is a reality for many communities around the world and language loss brings with it an entire spectrum of negativities. This article examines two of the most common terms that are used in linguistics for forced language loss – linguistic genocide and linguicide. The terms are almost synonymous and recognize that the ultimate aim of forced language loss is usually forced assimilation or the destruction of group identity. However, through a critical reading of both terms, linguicide is argued as the preferred term for use in linguistics as linguistic genocide gives rise to linguistic essentialist positions that may harm communities that have suffered forced language loss.

scholarly journals Considerações Sobre a Interação Sociedade-Estado Através das Redes Telemáticas

GEOgraphia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Ester Limonad e Rainer Randolph
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Government Information ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Object Based ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication

RESUMO A meta deste ensaio é proceder a uma leitura crítica do papel e significado dos portais de governo eletrônico na atualidade em relação à superação (ou aprofundamento) de divisões sociais e espaciais existentes nas sociedades contemporâneas. O trabalho está organizado em três passos principais: primeiro é caracterizado, de forma descritiva, os principais elementos e constituintes do e-governo (i). A seguir são explicitadas as formas de disseminação do e-governo no mundo e no Brasil (ii). Finalmente, fazemos um primeiro esboço da nossa perspectiva a respeito deste objeto a partir de uma reflexão crítica das suas características e proposições (iii). Palavras-chave: governo eletrônico, tecnologias de informação e comunicação.ABSTRACT This essay aims to proceed a critical reading of the role and meaning of electronic government’s portals at the present time concerning the overcome (or deepening) of contemporary societies actual social and spacial divisions. The paper is organized in three main steps: first we characterize, in a descriptive way, e-government’s main elements and constituent (i). Afterwards e-government’s spread forms throughout the world and Brazil are clarified (ii). Finally, we make a first sketch of our perspective regarding this object based on a critical reflection of its characteristics and propositions (iii). Keywords: e-government; information and communication technologies.

Affect

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Liljeström
Keyword(s):  
Identity Politics ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Affect Studies ◽  
Feminist Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
The Way

During the last few decades, feminist affect studies have enunciated challenging epistemological and ontological questions based on numerous discussions and readings of affect as emotive intensities, intuitive reactions, and life forces. Affect has created a space for rethinking theoretical issues that range from the dualisms between body and mind to the critique of identity politics and critical reading. This theorizing has underlined the sensual qualities of being and the capacity to experience and understand the world in profoundly relational and productive ways. This chapter presents examples of the wide spectrum of contemporary feminist affect studies. It discusses the notion of “affective turn,” concentrating on the way it has been seen as a reaction and a challenge to alleged limitations of poststructuralism and deconstruction; describes definitions of affect; explores understandings of the linkages between epistemology and ontology, and offers some reflections on the feminist politics of affects.

scholarly journals A shell dataset, for shell features extraction and recognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Jianhang Zhou ◽  
Jing He ◽  
Xiaodong Cun ◽  
Shaoning Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Features Extraction ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Nearest Neighbours ◽  
The World ◽  
New Machine

Abstract Shells are very common objects in the world, often used for decorations, collections, academic research, etc. With tens of thousands of species, shells are not easy to identify manually. Until now, no one has proposed the recognition of shells using machine learning techniques. We initially present a shell dataset, containing 7894 shell species with 29622 samples, where totally 59244 shell images for shell features extraction and recognition are used. Three features of shells, namely colour, shape and texture were generated from 134 shell species with 10 samples, which were then validated by two different classifiers: k-nearest neighbours (k-NN) and random forest. Since the development of conchology is mature, we believe this dataset can represent a valuable resource for automatic shell recognition. The extracted features of shells are also useful in developing and optimizing new machine learning techniques. Furthermore, we hope more researchers can present new methods to extract shell features and develop new classifiers based on this dataset, in order to improve the recognition performance of shell species.

scholarly journals GRANDCOURT IN GEORGE ELIOT’S ‘DANIEL DERONDA’ AND THE PHILOSOPHY OF ARTHUR SCHOPENHAUER

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Boris M. Proskurnin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
George Eliot ◽  
Arthur Schopenhauer ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Daniel Deronda ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Notion ◽  
Central Characters ◽  
First Time

For the first time in Russian studies of George Eliot, one of the central characters of her only novel about contemporary English life, Daniel Deronda, is under analysis. The character of Grandcourt is looked at as the writer’s distinctive reflection on her reading and comprehension of Arthur Schopenhauer’s book Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung (1818). The author of the essay gives the facts of the very serious, profound and critical reading of this book by George Eliot. The essay shows in what ways this kind of reading influences the ideological and artistic structures of the novel. It is specially demonstrated how George Eliot’s thorough knowing of Schopenhauer’s book and the thoughts this knowing generates reflects on the image of Grandcourt. It is stressed in the article that the character of Grandcourt is not simply to illustrate some passages of the philosophical system of the German thinker. It is argued that Schopenhauer’s concepts of Man, his role and place in the world cause George Eliot’s deep ontological thinking of human existence and its meaning; the German philosopher’s speculations lead Eliot to the indirect dialogue and dispute with Schopenhauer as it happens in some works by Dostoevsky, Leo Tolstoy and other authors of the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries. The author of the article demonstrates artistic principles and means with the help of which George Eliot reconsiders the main notion of Schopenhauer’s system – Wille (Will), which transforms into rampage of subjectivity, unrestrained egoism and egotism, despotism, aggression, disdain of Other, moral violence and rapture of it, rejection of common sense and practical logic, the triumph of ‘nature’, seen merely as an instinct, deletion of such notions as self-analysis and self-criticism, human sympathy, compassion, friendship, love to others. Some special emphasis is put on Eliot’s arguing against Schopenhauer’s gender anthropology. It is stressed in the article that, parallel to ontological disagreement and with the help of this polemics, Eliot through the image of Grandcourt both ironically and dramatically sharpens some moral ill-being of contemporary English high society.

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