The Tribute system of China under the relationship with Joseon during Qing dynasty ------on the basis of yanxinglu

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
Yuhei Lam ◽  
Jinye Chen ◽  
Zhenyu Ma ◽  
Guocheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Tribute System ◽  
The Relationship

龔自珍戒詩歷程考論

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 053-068
Author(s):  
張日郡 張日郡
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Chinese Poetry ◽  
Late Qing Dynasty ◽  
Late Qing ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

<p>龔自珍為清代著名的詩人及思想家，而這樣一位「但開風氣不為師」的詩人，一生有過幾次自覺戒詩的經驗，而「戒詩」的現象在中國詩歌史上相當特殊的，詩人為何要戒詩，而又破戒？龔自珍內心「寫作的焦慮」之根源是什麼？本文試圖從兩個方面切入，其一、爬梳相關文獻，先行探求龔自珍的詩學觀，唯有如此，我們才能從中得知為何是戒「詩」。其二、切入相關詩歌文本，觀看龔自珍自己如何看待自己的「戒詩」與「破戒」的說法。最後，分析兩者之間的關係，以及變化。期能為龔自珍之相關研究做出一點貢獻。</p> <p>&nbsp;</p><p>Gong Zizhen was a famous poet and thinker in the Qing dynasty. The era he lived was a turning point from flourish to the decadence, from tradition to modern. This phenomenon can be read in the works from Gong Zizhen and it’s also the key point for emancipation of the ideas in late Qing dynasty. Gong Zizhen who leaded the fashion but not stood under the spotlight, he had many experiences of quitting writing poetry. Quitting writing poetry is a special phenomenon in the history of the Chinese poetry, why did poet want to quit? The thesis studied these from two aspects. The first is to explore the poetry concept of Gong Zizhen through article review so that it may be understood why he choose to quit writing poetry? Second, it could be discovered how did Gong Zizhen treat his explain about quitting writing poetry and breaking it repeatedly by reviewing related poetries. Last, analyzing the relationship and transformation between the two. Expecting to offer some contributions for the study of Gong Zizhen.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

scholarly journals Feasibility Study on Hyperspectral LiDAR for Ancient Huizhou-Style Architecture Preservation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Shao ◽  
Yuwei Chen ◽  
Zhirong Yang ◽  
Changhui Jiang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Tunable Filter ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Late Qing Dynasty ◽  
Spectral Profiles ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Huizhou-style ancient architecture was one of the most important genres of architectural heritage in China. The architecture employed bricks, woods, and stones as raw materials, and timber frames were significant structures. Due to the drawback that the timbers were vulnerable to moisture and atmospheric agents, ancient timber buildings needed frequent protective interventions to maintain its good condition. Such interventions unavoidably disrupted the consistency between the original timber components. Besides this, the modifications brought about difficulty in correctly analysing and judging the state of existing ancient buildings, which, in current preservation practices, mainly rely on the expertise of skilled craftsmen to classify wood species and to identify the building-age of the timber components. Therefore, the industry and the research community urgently need a technique to rapidly and accurately classify wood materials and to discriminate building-age. In the paper, we designed an eye-safe 81-channel hyperspectral LiDAR (HSL) to tackle these issues. The HSL used an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) as a spectral bandpass filter, offering the HSL measurements with 5 nm spectral resolution. Based on the HSL measurements, we analysed the relationship between the surface and cross-section spectral profiles of timber components from different ancient architectures built in the early Qing dynasty (~300 years), late Qing dynasty (~100 years), and nowadays, and confirmed the feasibility of using surface spectra of timber components for classification purpose. We classified building-ages and wood species with multiple Naive Bayes (NB) and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers by the surface spectra of timber components; this also unveiled the possibility of classifying gnawed timber components from its spectra for the first time. The encouraging experimental results supported that the AOTF-HSL is feasible for historic timber building preservation.

A Primer on the Qing Dynasty Monetary System

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Austin Dean
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Monetary Reform ◽  
Late Qing ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
System P ◽  
Institutional Challenges ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter highlights the relationship between copper and silver and stresses the decentralized nature of Qing dynasty monetary institutions and practices in the middle of the nineteenth century. It introduces how and why monetary arrangements began to be questioned in the late Qing. It also explains the contours of the currency, credit, and payment ecosystem in the middle of the nineteenth century in order to understand debates and conflicts about Chinese monetary reform from the 1870s to the 1930s. The chapter describes the Chinese currency system that is filled with different “ghost money” units of account, copper coins of varying quality, silver in the form of ingots and coins from Latin America, and notes from various financial institutions. It talks about the decentralized nature of the Qing monetary system that presented political and institutional challenges.

Manchuria in Modern East Asia, 1600s–1949

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Shao
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Ming Dynasty ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Social Orders ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Japan And China

Manchuria is an English geographical term that, in the past three centuries or so, has referred to the region that approximately overlaps the region of Northeast China (Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang provinces) in the People’s Republic of China. A scholar’s choice of using or rejecting this term might be associated with their understandings of the historical changes in the territoriality of this region. From the 17th century to the mid-20th century, different powers contested over this region, including different tribes of the Jurchens, before the Manchus founded the Qing Dynasty; Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty; the Russians and Japanese; the Republic of China Government and Warlord regime; Japan and China; as well as the Communist Party of China and the Nationalist Party of China. All these contestations redefined the relationship between this region and China Proper, reshaping the social orders, communal identities, and statehood of the local peoples. Located at the nexus of the modern history of multiple ethnic groups and states, studies of modern Manchuria often require scholars to take transnational approaches, or at the least to adopt cross-border perspectives.

scholarly journals Interpretations of Mohism’s “Impartial Love” in the Republic of China: A Comparative Approach to Confucianism and Mohism

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-51
Author(s):  
Sixin Ding (丁四新) ◽  
Xiaoxin Wu (吳曉欣)
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
High Regard ◽  
The Republic Of China ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Since the reign of Qianlong and Jiaqing in the Qing dynasty, there have been signs of a resurgence of interest in Mohism. Intellectuals became particularly invested in Mozi’s teachings during the period of the Republic of China. “Impartial love,” the notion of equity advocated by Mozi, received the most attention. At the time, most discussions primarily attempted to respond to Mencius’s criticism of Mozi’s doctrine. Some scholars stressed Mohism’s high regard for filial piety and demonstrated persuasively that the concept of impartial love did not closely correspond to Mencius’s labelling of it as “disregarding one’s father.” Other scholars drew a distinction between Mozi and his disciples and identified only the latter as deserving of Mencius’s criticism. Some thinkers affirmed impartial love’s practical significance and saw it as a significant tool for condemning the autocracy and saving the country from imminent downfall. Others vehemently denounced the principle’s impracticability. A close look at these different trends can provide us with a better understanding of the different attitudes of intellectuals in the period of the Republic of China regarding Confucianism and the relationship between Confucianism and Mohism.

Manager or Craftsman

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Jun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Court System ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Empire Building ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Representative Family ◽  
Shed Light

The chapter investigates how the ‘palace machine’ of the Qing dynasty reproduced (or systematically trained) particularly skilled bannermen as ethnically-marked official experts. By mapping out these bannermen’s education, training process, and official appointments, I explain how the court system perpetuated the administrative privilege of bannermen families and how specific skills of different generations matched the particular demands of empire building projects of the Qing dynasty in different stages. I focus on a representative family, the Wanggiyan/ Wanyan clan, generations of which served the court within the institutional framework of the Imperial Household Department. Placing this extended family in the context of peer bannermen equipped with specialized skills allows me to shed light on the larger issue of the relationship between hereditary status and specialized skills in the Qing palace machine.

scholarly journals TOUCHSTONE, WIREPULLER AND TRANSITION: SINO-KOREAN BOOK-DIPLOMACY AND POLITICAL FIGHTS IN 1597-1599

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 169-185
Author(s):  
Xiu Zhi HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Ming Dynasty ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
The Political ◽  
Chinese Official ◽  
Joseon Dynasty ◽  
The Relationship

Embodying an optimistic diplomatic mind in early Joseon Dynasty, haidongzhuguoji written by Shin Suk-ju became a main evidence of Chinese official Ding Yingtai impeaching Joseon in the Jeongyu War occurring in 1597 because of Toyotomi Hideyoshi’s second invasion. Ding Yingtai’s impeachment involved Joseon’s king, Chinese generals in Joseon and officials in Beijing in a political maelstrom, which aroused strong reactions of Joseon king and ministers. In this situation, Joseon’s diplomatic corps were dispatched to Beijing in order to justify and defend. They made preparations and took action zealously, winning the final victory and achieving the goal consequently. However, this book-diplomacy surpassed the problem of justifying a book, thus there were some complicated and subtle meanings in the process. Firstly, This book-diplomacy provided a touchstone of Sino-Korean relationship in Ming Dynasty, explaining the political essence of the relationship. Secondly, This diplomacy resulted from Ming Dynasty’s political fights and calmed down also because of Ming Dynasty’s political fights, intensively showing both Sino-Korean interdependent political fights and each liege fights. Thirdly, The book-diplomacy became an important turning point of the transformation of Joseon’s foreign concept, and Joseon’s “Smaller China” mind began to emphasize excluding barbarians, which made an idealistic preparation for the rising “Smaller China” mind in Qing Dynasty.

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